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| Author | : Rory Miller |
| Publisher | : Ymaa Publications |
| Total Pages | : 342 |
| Release | : 2012 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 9781594392504 |
Provides a range of options, from skillfully doing nothing to applying deadly force, designed to prevent violence or, if that is not possible, to defend oneself against it as effectively as possible.
| Author | : G. I. Barenblatt |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 190 |
| Release | : 2003-11-13 |
| Genre | : Mathematics |
| ISBN | : 9780521533942 |
The author describes and teaches the art of discovering scaling laws, starting from dimensional analysis and physical similarity, which are here given a modern treatment. He demonstrates the concepts of intermediate asymptotics and the renormalisation group as natural consequences of self-similarity and shows how and when these notions and tools can be used to tackle the task at hand, and when they cannot. Based on courses taught to undergraduate and graduate students, the book can also be used for self-study by biologists, chemists, astronomers, engineers and geoscientists.
| Author | : Knut Schmidt-Nielsen |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 260 |
| Release | : 1984-07-27 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 9780521319874 |
This book is about the importance of animal size. We tend to think of animal function in chemical terms and talk of water, salts, proteins, enzymes, oxygen, energy, and so on. We should not forget, however, that physical laws are equally important, for they determine rates of diffusion and heat transfer, transfer of force and momentum, the strength of structures, the dynamics of locomotion, and other aspects of the functioning of animal bodies. Physical laws provide possibilities and opportunities for an organism, yet they also impose constraints, setting limits to what is physically possible. This book aims to give an understanding of these rules because of their profound implications when we deal with animals of widely different size and scale. The reader will find that the book raises many questions. Remarkable and puzzling information makes it read a little like a detective story, but the last chapter, instead of giving the final solution, neither answers all questions nor provides one great unifying principle.
| Author | : Zdenek P. Bazant |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 342 |
| Release | : 2005-06-28 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0080461352 |
This book is concerned with a leading-edge topic of great interest and importance, exemplifying the relationship between experimental research, material modeling, structural analysis and design. It focuses on the effect of structure size on structural strength and failure behaviour. Bazant's theory has found wide application to all quasibrittle materials, including rocks, ice, modern fiber composites and tough ceramics. The topic of energetic scaling, considered controversial until recently, is finally getting the attention it deserves, mainly as a result of Bazant's pioneering work. In this new edition an extra section of data and new appendices covering twelve new application developments are included. The first book to show the 'size effect' theory of structure size on strength Presents the principles and applications of Bazant's pioneering work on structural strength Revised edition with new material on topics including asymptotic matching, flexural strength of fiber-composite laminates, polymeric foam fractures and the design of reinforced concrete beams
| Author | : Z. P. Bažant |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 302 |
| Release | : 2002 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 9781560329848 |
Questions of size effect and scaling on the integrity of structures have been around since at least the time of Leonardo da Vinci. Bazant (civil engineering and materials science, Northwestern U.) sketches the history of size effect studies before exploring size effect on fracture and crack mechanics in a number of materials. He explores applications of the known size effect law for the measurement of material fracture properties and the modeling of the size effect by the cohesive crack model, nonlocal finite element models, and discrete element models. Applications to quasibrittle materials, including concrete, fiber composites, sea ice, rocks, and ceramics are presented. The role of size effect in some famous structural catastrophes is then examined. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR.
| Author | : Patrice Abry |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 382 |
| Release | : 2013-03-01 |
| Genre | : Mathematics |
| ISBN | : 1118622901 |
Scaling is a mathematical transformation that enlarges or diminishes objects. The technique is used in a variety of areas, including finance and image processing. This book is organized around the notions of scaling phenomena and scale invariance. The various stochastic models commonly used to describe scaling — self-similarity, long-range dependence and multi-fractals — are introduced. These models are compared and related to one another. Next, fractional integration, a mathematical tool closely related to the notion of scale invariance, is discussed, and stochastic processes with prescribed scaling properties (self-similar processes, locally self-similar processes, fractionally filtered processes, iterated function systems) are defined. A number of applications where the scaling paradigm proved fruitful are detailed: image processing, financial and stock market fluctuations, geophysics, scale relativity, and fractal time-space.
| Author | : United States. Department of the Air Force |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 534 |
| Release | : 1970 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Hans Petter Langtangen |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 149 |
| Release | : 2016-06-15 |
| Genre | : Mathematics |
| ISBN | : 3319327267 |
The book serves both as a reference for various scaled models with corresponding dimensionless numbers, and as a resource for learning the art of scaling. A special feature of the book is the emphasis on how to create software for scaled models, based on existing software for unscaled models. Scaling (or non-dimensionalization) is a mathematical technique that greatly simplifies the setting of input parameters in numerical simulations. Moreover, scaling enhances the understanding of how different physical processes interact in a differential equation model. Compared to the existing literature, where the topic of scaling is frequently encountered, but very often in only a brief and shallow setting, the present book gives much more thorough explanations of how to reason about finding the right scales. This process is highly problem dependent, and therefore the book features a lot of worked examples, from very simple ODEs to systems of PDEs, especially from fluid mechanics. The text is easily accessible and example-driven. The first part on ODEs fits even a lower undergraduate level, while the most advanced multiphysics fluid mechanics examples target the graduate level. The scientific literature is full of scaled models, but in most of the cases, the scales are just stated without thorough mathematical reasoning. This book explains how the scales are found mathematically. This book will be a valuable read for anyone doing numerical simulations based on ordinary or partial differential equations.
| Author | : Laurent Seuront |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 624 |
| Release | : 2003-09-25 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0203489551 |
The evolution of observational instruments, simulation techniques, and computing power has given aquatic scientists a new understanding of biological and physical processes that span temporal and spatial scales. This has created a need for a single volume that addresses concepts of scale in a manner that builds bridges between experimentalists and
| Author | : James H. Brown |
| Publisher | : Oxford University Press, USA |
| Total Pages | : 368 |
| Release | : 2000 |
| Genre | : Language Arts & Disciplines |
| ISBN | : 0195131428 |
Scaling relationships have been a persistent theme in biology at least since the time of Leonardo da Vinci and Galileo. While there have been many excellent empirical and theoretical investigations, there has been little attempt to synthesize this diverse but interrelated area of biology. In an effort to fill this void, Scaling in Biology, the first general treatment of scaling in biology in over 15 years, covers a broad spectrum of the most relevant topics in a series of chapters written by experts in the field. Some of those topics discussed include allometry and fractal structure, branching of vascular systems of mammals and plants, biomechanical and life history of plants, invertebrates and vertebrates, and species-area patterns of biological diversity.
