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Salience and Defaults in Utterance Processing

Salience and Defaults in Utterance Processing
Author: Kasia M. Jaszczolt
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter
Total Pages: 241
Release: 2011-10-27
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 3110270676

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The book addresses controversies around the conscious vs automatic processing of contextual information and the distinction between literal and nonliteral meaning. It sheds new light on the relation of the literal/nonliteral distinction to the distinction between the automatic and conscious retrieval of information. The question of literal meaning is inherently interwoven with the question of lexical salience on one hand and default interpretations on the other. This volume addresses these interconnected issues, stressing their mutual interdependence. It contributes new, ground-breaking insights into the questions of literalness, semantics-pragmatics interface, automatic (default) retrieval and contextual pragmatic enrichment, modelling of discourse processing, lexical pragmatics, and other related issues.


Meaning in Linguistic Interaction

Meaning in Linguistic Interaction
Author: Kasia M. Jaszczolt
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 320
Release: 2016-04-29
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 0191068985

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This book offers a semantic and metasemantic inquiry into the representation of meaning in linguistic interaction. Kasia Jaszczolt's view represents the most radical stance on meaning to be found in the contextualist tradition and thereby the most radical take on the semantics/pragmatics boundary. It allows for the selection of the cognitively plausible object of enquiry without being constrained by such distinctions as what is said/what is implicated or what is linguistic and what is extralinguistic. She argues that this is the only promising stance on meaning. The analysis transcends the traditional distinctions drawn, and traditional questions posed, in post-Gricean pragmatics and philosophy of language. It heavily relies on the dynamic construction of meaning in discourse, using truth conditions as a tool but at the same time conforming to pragmatic compositionality ? whereby aspects of meaning that enter this composition have very different provenance. Meaning in Linguistic Interaction builds on the author's earlier work on Default Semantics and adds new arguments in favour of radical contextualism as well as novel applications, focusing on the role of salience, the flexibility of word meaning, the literal/nonliteral distinction, and the dynamic nature of a character, as well as offering an entirely new perspective on the indexical/nonindexical distinction. It contains a state-of-the-art discussion of the semantics/pragmatics boundary disputes, focusing on varieties of semantic minimalism and contextualism and on the limitations of an indexicalism. Jaszczolt's work is illustrated with examples from a variety of languages and offers some formal representations of meaning in the metalanguage of Default Semantics.


Meaning in Linguistic Interaction

Meaning in Linguistic Interaction
Author: Katarzyna Jaszczolt
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 228
Release: 2016
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 0199602468

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This work builds on Kasia Jaszczolt's earlier work on Default Semantics. It draws on data from a variety of languages to show that meaning should be understood as a merger of information coming from different sources and via a variety of interacting processes.


Further Advances in Pragmatics and Philosophy: Part 2 Theories and Applications

Further Advances in Pragmatics and Philosophy: Part 2 Theories and Applications
Author: Alessandro Capone
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 594
Release: 2019-02-13
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 3030009734

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The two sections of this volume present theoretical developments and practical applicative papers respectively. Theoretical papers cover topics such as intercultural pragmatics, evolutionism, argumentation theory, pragmatics and law, the semantics/pragmatics debate, slurs, and more. The applied papers focus on topics such as pragmatic disorders, mapping places of origin, stance-taking, societal pragmatics, and cultural linguistics. This is the second volume of invited papers that were presented at the inaugural Pragmasofia conference in Palermo in 2016, and like its predecessor presents papers by well-known philosophers, linguists, and a semiotician. The papers present a wide variety of perspectives independent from any one school of thought.


Cognitive Linguistics - Key Topics

Cognitive Linguistics - Key Topics
Author: Ewa Dąbrowska
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Total Pages: 320
Release: 2019-07-08
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 3110626438

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The key topics discussed in this book illustrate the breadth of cognitive linguistic research and include semantic typology, space, fictive motion, argument structure constructions, and prototype effects in grammar. New themes such as individual differences, emergence, and default non-salient interpretations also receive coverage.


Statutory Interpretation

Statutory Interpretation
Author: Douglas Walton
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 347
Release: 2021-01-21
Genre: Law
ISBN: 1108681964

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Statutory interpretation involves the reconstruction of the meaning of a legal statement when it cannot be considered as accepted or granted. This phenomenon needs to be considered not only from the legal and linguistic perspective, but also from the argumentative one - which focuses on the strategies for defending a controversial or doubtful viewpoint. This book draws upon linguistics, legal theory, computing, and dialectics to present an argumentation-based approach to statutory interpretation. By translating and summarizing the existing legal interpretative canons into eleven patterns of natural arguments - called argumentation schemes - the authors offer a system of argumentation strategies for developing, defending, assessing, and attacking an interpretation. Illustrated through major cases from both common and civil law, this methodology is summarized in diagrams and maps for application to computer sciences. These visuals help make the structures, strategies, and vulnerabilities of legal reasoning accessible to both legal professionals and laypeople.


What is a Context?

What is a Context?
Author: Rita Finkbeiner
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing
Total Pages: 262
Release: 2012
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 9027255792

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Context is a core notion of linguistic theory. However, while there are numerous attempts at explaining single aspects of the notion of context, these attempts are rather diverse and do not easily converge to a unified theory of context. The present multi-faceted collection of papers reconsiders the notion of context and its challenges for linguistics from different theoretical and empirical angles. Part I offers insights into a wide range of current approaches to context, including theoretical pragmatics, neurolinguistics, clinical pragmatics, interactional linguistics, and psycholinguistics. Part II presents new empirical findings on the role of context from case studies on idioms, unarticulated constituents, argument linking, and numerically-quantified expressions. Bringing together different theoretical frameworks, the volume provides thought-provoking discussions of how the notion of context can be understood, modeled, and implemented in linguistics. It is essential for researchers interested in theoretical and applied linguistics, the semantics/pragmatics interface, and experimental pragmatics.


Handbook of Cognitive Linguistics

Handbook of Cognitive Linguistics
Author: Ewa Dabrowska
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Total Pages: 650
Release: 2015-05-19
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 3110292025

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Cognitive Linguistics is an approach to language study based on the assumptions that our linguistic abilities are firmly rooted in our cognitive abilities, that meaning is essentially conceptualization, and that grammar is shaped by usage. The Handbook of Cognitive Linguistics provides state-of-the-art overviews of the numerous subfields of cognitive linguistics written by leading international experts which will be useful for established researchers and novices alike. It is an interdisciplinary project with contributions from linguists, psycholinguists, psychologists, and computer scientists which will emphasise the most recent developments in the field, in particular, the shift towards more empirically-based research. In this way, it will, we hope, help to shape the field, encouraging methodologically more rigorous research which incorporates insights from all the cognitive sciences. Editor Ewa Dąbrowska was awarded the Alexander von Humboldt Professorship 2018.


Constructions in Use

Constructions in Use
Author: Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Total Pages: 338
Release: 2017-07-03
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 3110720337

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Semantics is one of the core disciplines of philosophy of language. There are basically two strands of established theories: use-based and truth-conditional, with the latter being the dominant variety. This dominance has been questioned recently by linguists who embrace a research paradigm that is known as construction grammar. As construction grammar is use-based, it seems natural to suppose that its success is indirect support for use-based semantics in philosophy. This is true. But there's still a lot to do. Although there are use-based theories that fit quite well with current research in linguistics, they are far from being perfect. In particular, the most popular theory in that area is still tied to some of the main motivations behind truth-conditional semantics. 'Constructions in Use' offers an alternative by proposing to let this legacy go. Instead, it argues that philosophical semantics is best off if it goes for an entirely use-based theory. This series explores issues of mental representation, linguistic structure and representation, and their interplay. The research presented in this series is grounded in the idea explored in the Collaborative Research Center 'The structure of representations in language, cognition and science' (SFB 991) that there is a universal format for the representation of linguistic and cognitive concepts.


Doing Pragmatics Interculturally

Doing Pragmatics Interculturally
Author: Rachel Giora
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Total Pages: 432
Release: 2017-09-11
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 3110546094

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Intercultural Pragmatics is a large and diverse field encompassing a wide range of approaches, methods, and theories. This volume draws scholars together from a broad range of cognitive, philosophical, and sociopragmatic perspectives on language use in order to lay the path for a mutually informing and enriching dialogue across subfields and perceived barriers to doing pragmatics interculturally.