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| Author | : Jay Schulkin |
| Publisher | : MIT Press |
| Total Pages | : 332 |
| Release | : 2003 |
| Genre | : Biological control systems |
| ISBN | : 9780262194808 |
An overview of allostasis, the process by which the body maintains overall viability under normal and adverse conditions.
| Author | : JAY. SCHULKIN |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2002 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9780262536721 |
| Author | : Jay Schulkin |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 388 |
| Release | : 2004-10-25 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1316347702 |
The concept of homeostasis, the maintenance of the internal physiological environment of an organism within tolerable limits, is well established in medicine and physiology. In contrast, allostasis is a relatively new idea of 'viability through change'. With allostatic regulation by cephalic involvement, the body adapts to potentially diverse and dangerous situations through the activation of neural, hormonal, or immunological mechanisms. Allostasis explains how regulatory events maintain organismic viability, or not, in diverse contexts with varying set points of bodily needs and competing motivations. This 2005 book introduces the concept of allostasis and sets it alongside traditional views of homeostasis. It addresses basic regulatory systems and examines the behavior of bodily regulation under duress. The basic concepts of physiological homeostasis are integrated with disorders like depression, stress, anxiety and addiction. It will therefore appeal to graduate students, medical students and researchers working in physiology, epidemiology, endocrinology, neuroendocrinology, neuroscience, and psychology.
| Author | : Nicholas Mrosovsky |
| Publisher | : New York : Oxford University Press |
| Total Pages | : 200 |
| Release | : 1990 |
| Genre | : Literary Criticism |
| ISBN | : |
This work offers a comprehensive re-examination and elaboration of homeostasis, a guiding principle in physiology that has received surprisingly little critical evaluation. Among the key topics addressed are questions concerning the competing demands of different regulatory systems within the body and the problem of maintaining equilibrium in such circumstances. The author makes the important point that the body does not always seek constancy of its internal environment, nor does it always react in ways that prevent change. On the contrary, sometimes physiological mechanisms actively promote change. These changes in regulated levels--termed "rheostasis"--are seen as having an adaptive value beyond a simple failure of homeostasis. This book compares and categorizes examples of rheostasis for a variety of physiological variables, and presents what is known about conflicts between different regulatory systems and their role in promoting the occurrence of rheostasis. Among other topics covered are weight loss during hibernation, calcium storage and reproduction, fever, and rates of fat deposition in adults. The work of an outstanding scholar, this integrative study represents a refreshing and essential new approach to one of the basic concepts in physiological science.
| Author | : Leroy Lester Langley |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 114 |
| Release | : 1968 |
| Genre | : Homeostasis |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Jay Schulkin |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 388 |
| Release | : 2004-10-25 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 9780521811415 |
Publisher Description
| Author | : W. Maret |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 232 |
| Release | : 2013-11-11 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9401737282 |
Chapters in this book review the remarkable advances in the field of zinc biology over the last decade. Zinc is essential for life, in particular for growth and development, through its role in hundreds of zinc enzymes and thousands of zinc proteins. Its catalytic, structural, and regulatory functions in these proteins impact metabolism, gene expression, and signal transduction, including neurotransmission. Among the micronutrients, zinc may rank with iron as to its importance for public health. The topics covered range from single molecules to cells and to whole organisms: the chemistry, design, and application of fluorophores for the determination of cellular zinc; the role of zinc in proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis of cells; proteins that transport, sense, and distribute zinc and together form a cellular homeostatic system; the coordination chemistry of zinc in metalloproteins; the role of zinc in the brain as a neuromodulator/transmitter; the dependence of the immune system on zinc; zinc homeostasis in the whole human body.
| Author | : Richard N. Hardy |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 52 |
| Release | : 1980 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Peter Sterling |
| Publisher | : MIT Press |
| Total Pages | : 259 |
| Release | : 2020-02-25 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0262043300 |
An argument that health is optimal responsiveness and is often best treated at the system level. Medical education centers on the venerable “no-fault” concept of homeostasis, whereby local mechanisms impose constancy by correcting errors, and the brain serves mainly for emergencies. Yet, it turns out that most parameters are not constant; moreover, despite the importance of local mechanisms, the brain is definitely in charge. In this book, the eminent neuroscientist Peter Sterling describes a broader concept: allostasis (coined by Sterling and Joseph Eyer in the 1980s), whereby the brain anticipates needs and efficiently mobilizes supplies to prevent errors. Allostasis evolved early, Sterling explains, to optimize energy efficiency, relying heavily on brain circuits that deliver a brief reward for each positive surprise. Modern life so reduces the opportunities for surprise that we are driven to seek it in consumption: bigger burgers, more opioids, and innumerable activities that involve higher carbon emissions. The consequences include addiction, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and climate change. Sterling concludes that solutions must go beyond the merely technical to restore possibilities for daily small rewards and revivify the capacities for egalitarianism that were hard-wired into our nature. Sterling explains that allostasis offers what is not found in any medical textbook: principled definitions of health and disease: health as the capacity for adaptive variation and disease as shrinkage of that capacity. Sterling argues that since health is optimal responsiveness, many significant conditions are best treated at the system level.
| Author | : Thomas Rowland |
| Publisher | : Cambridge Scholars Publishing |
| Total Pages | : 298 |
| Release | : 2020-09-10 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1527559246 |
This book addresses how the general principles of biology influence the human capacity for locomotion, and, conversely, how understanding the nature of muscular activity might provide insights into the basic nature of living beings. Through a series of essays, the book relates the evolutionary basis of animal locomotion to recognizing the determinants of exercise capacity. While raising more questions than providing answers, the discussions will assume that without knowing the correct questions to ask, the answers will not be forthcoming. At the root of this book lies the central query: what is it that separates the principles governing the function of living beings from those that dictate the inanimate world? The discussions here address this issue from the expectation that clues to the answer can be obtained through understanding adaptations to the stresses imposed by physical exercise. As such, the book provides thought-provoking analyses of the biological basis of locomotion that will stimulate future efforts to understand these phenomena.
