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Removal of Excess Fluoride From Drinking Water

Removal of Excess Fluoride From Drinking Water
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 18
Release: 1978
Genre:
ISBN:
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COMMENCING JUNE 24, 1977, COMMUNITIES THROUGHOUT THE UNITED STATES ARE REQUIRED TO COMPLY WITH THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY NATIONAL INTERIM PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATION DATED 24 DECEMBER 1975. THIS REPORT IS BASED UPON PILOT PLANT EXPERIMENTS AND PLANT DATA WHICH USED GRANULAR F-i ACTIVATED ALUMINA (MESH SIZE 28 TO 48) MANUFACTURED BY ALUMINUM COMPANY OF AMERICA. THE BASIC PRINCIPLES OF FLUORIDE REMOVAL TECHNOLOGY ARE: (1) OPTIMIZE THE ENVIRONMENT FOR - SORBING OF FLUORIDE IONS TO ACTIVATED ALUMINA SURFACES. (2) PREVENT COMPETING IONS FROM OCCUPYING ALUMINA SURFACES WHICH ARE TO BE RESERVED FOR FLUORIDE IONS.(3) UPON REGENERATION OF AN EXPENDED TREATMENT BED, TAKE ALL STEPS NECESSARY TO REMOVE ALL FLUORIDE IONS FROM THE BED PRIOR TO RETURN TO TREATMENT. THERE ARE FOUR MODES OF OPERATION: TREATMENT, BACKWASH, REGENERATION AND NEUTRALIZATION. OPERATIONAL DETAILS FOR EACH MODE ALONG WITH OTHER IMPORTANT CRITERIA ARE PROVIDED IN THIS REPORT.-BKA.

Fluoride in Drinking-water

Fluoride in Drinking-water
Author: John Kirtley Fawell
Publisher: World Health Organization
Total Pages: 145
Release: 2006
Genre: Health & Fitness
ISBN: 9241563192
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Fluoride is known to occur at elevated concentration in a number of parts of the world, where it can be a significant cause of disease. The primary focus of this book is the prevention of adverse health effects from excessive levels of fluoride in drinking water. The book fills the urgent need, identified for updating the WHO Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality, for information on the occurrence of fluoride, its health effects, ways of reducing excess levels, and methods for analysis of fluoride in water. The draft document, produced by a working group of experts convened to consider protection from fluoride and its control, was issued for extensive review and consultation. The resultant book, which incorporates the comments received, was further peer reviewed by experts in developed and developing countries. It is aimed at a wide range of individuals, including health workers and sanitary engineers who may require a broad introduction to the subject with more detailed guidance in some specific areas. Fluoride in Drinking-waterwill be an invaluable reference source for all those concerned with the management of drinking water containing fluoride and the health effects arising from its consumption, including water sector managers and practitioners, as well as health sector staff at policy and implementation levels. It will also be of interest to researchers, students, development workers, and consultants.

Advanced Treatment Technologies for Fluoride Removal in Water

Advanced Treatment Technologies for Fluoride Removal in Water
Author: Akhilesh Kumar Yadav
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 364
Release: 2024-01-01
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3031388453
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This book presents an overview of the techniques available today for the removal of fluoride contamination/pollutants/species from water. Also covered are traditionally applied techniques for the removal of fluoride pollutants/species, including oxidation, coagulation-flocculation, and membrane techniques. Recently, progress has been made on the utility of various nanoparticles for the extraction of contaminants from water. Fluoride contamination is affecting water resources quality worldwide as a result of human activities, such as mining and pesticide use. Due to the high risk of fluoride exposure, specific water treatment processes are required to meet more severe water quality standards. A better understanding of currently available processes is necessary to develop economical, efficient, and effective methods for fluoride removal. Fluoride can either be coated, adsorbed using a wide range of both mineral and organic constituents or can be directly rejected by membrane processes, such as reverse osmosis and nanofiltration. Recent developments of submerged hybrid membrane systems, such as membrane bioreactors in wastewater treatment, provide alternative technologies for fluoride treatment.

Green Technologies for the Defluoridation of Water

Green Technologies for the Defluoridation of Water
Author: Mohammad Hadi Dehghani
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 236
Release: 2021-07-17
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0323856462
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Green Technologies for the Defluoridation of Water focuses on the application of green technologies for the defluoridation of water using adsorption processes and nanoadsorbents. Chapters cover the environmental and health effects of fluoride presence in ambient air, food, water, soil and vegetation, focus on approaches for analytical methods to determine the presence of fluoride in water, review various types of conventional and advanced techniques used for removal, focus on adsorption as a green technology, review various types of adsorbents, and emphasize a techno-economic assessment with respect to conventional and non-conventional technologies. This book provides readers with comprehensive methods and applications, while also presenting the global impacts of fluoride ion on the environment, including in drinking water, food, air, soil and vegetables. The authors compare different defluoridation technologies in detail, providing researchers in environmental science and nanotechnology fields with the information they need to create solutions on how to safely remove fluoride from water in a sustainable and cost-effective way. Presents the application of green technology for the defluoridation of water using adsorption processes and nanoadsorbents Includes methods for effectively removing fluoride ions from potable water and water bodies Provides techniques that are eco-friendly, without toxic chemicals, and with lower cost options

Surface Modified Carbons as Scavengers for Fluoride from Water

Surface Modified Carbons as Scavengers for Fluoride from Water
Author: Venkataraman Sivasankar
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 236
Release: 2016-08-19
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3319406868
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This book discusses the problems and feasible remediation of fluoride contamination in groundwater. The book investigates applications of various carbons derived from bio-mass and bio-polymers. It also inquires into surface modified carbons that use inorganic ions to help remove excess fluoride ions in drinking water and wastewater effluents. The compliance of kinetic and isotherm models with fluoride sorption is covered, and the suggested mechanisms of defluoridation by surface modified carbon materials is described.