Reducing Refining And Replacing The Use Of Animals In Toxicity Testing PDF Download
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| Author | : Dave Allen |
| Publisher | : Royal Society of Chemistry |
| Total Pages | : 362 |
| Release | : 2013-10-31 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1849737924 |
Download Reducing, Refining and Replacing the Use of Animals in Toxicity Testing Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Toxicity testing is used to assess the safety or hazards presented by substances such as industrial chemicals, consumer products, and pharmaceuticals. At present, many methods involve laboratory animals. Alternative procedures, some involving human cell-based technologies, are now being developed which reduce, refine, or replace animal usage and minimize the pain and distress caused. These new tests must protect public health and the environment at least as well as currently accepted methods. This book describes the ever-expanding "toolbox" of methods available to assess toxicity. Such techniques often result from our growing understanding of the biochemical and cellular pathways that mediate toxicity mechanisms. This permits evaluations of information generated from several sources to generate a "weight of evidence". By combining in silico, in vitro, and ex vivo methods with technologies that rely on biochemical- and cell-based in vitro assays, toxicologists are developing mechanistically based alternatives to live animal experimentation. This text also explores the complexities associated with adequate validation, and the assessment of test reliability and relevance. It provides an essential reference source for postgraduates, academics and industrialists working in this rapidly changing area.
| Author | : Kathrin Herrmann |
| Publisher | : BRILL |
| Total Pages | : 749 |
| Release | : 2019-04-30 |
| Genre | : Philosophy |
| ISBN | : 9004391193 |
Download Animal Experimentation: Working Towards a Paradigm Change Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Animal experimentation has been one of the most controversial areas of animal use, mainly due to the intentional harms inflicted upon animals for the sake of hoped-for benefits in humans. Despite this rationale for continued animal experimentation, shortcomings of this practice have become increasingly more apparent and well-documented. However, these limitations are not yet widely known or appreciated, and there is a danger that they may simply be ignored. The 51 experts who have contributed to Animal Experimentation: Working Towards a Paradigm Change critically review current animal use in science, present new and innovative non-animal approaches to address urgent scientific questions, and offer a roadmap towards an animal-free world of science.
| Author | : William Moy Stratton Russell |
| Publisher | : Hyperion Books |
| Total Pages | : 256 |
| Release | : 1992 |
| Genre | : Nature |
| ISBN | : |
Download The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
| Author | : National Research Council |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 113 |
| Release | : 1988-02-01 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0309038391 |
Download Use of Laboratory Animals in Biomedical and Behavioral Research Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Scientific experiments using animals have contributed significantly to the improvement of human health. Animal experiments were crucial to the conquest of polio, for example, and they will undoubtedly be one of the keystones in AIDS research. However, some persons believe that the cost to the animals is often high. Authored by a committee of experts from various fields, this book discusses the benefits that have resulted from animal research, the scope of animal research today, the concerns of advocates of animal welfare, and the prospects for finding alternatives to animal use. The authors conclude with specific recommendations for more consistent government action.
| Author | : Committee on the Use of Animals in Research (U.S.) |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 48 |
| Release | : 1991 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : |
Download Science, Medicine, and Animals Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The necessity for animal use in biomedical research is a hotly debated topic in classrooms throughout the country. Frequently teachers and students do not have access to balanced,  factual material to foster an informed discussion on the topic. This colorful, 50-page booklet is designed to educate teenagers about the role of animal research in combating disease, past and present; the perspective of animal use within the whole spectrum of biomedical research; the regulations and oversight that govern animal research; and the continuing efforts to use animals more efficiently and humanely.
| Author | : Congress of the U.S., Washington, DC. Office of Technology Assessment |
| Publisher | : DIANE Publishing |
| Total Pages | : 438 |
| Release | : 1986 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 1428922962 |
Download Alternatives to Animal Use in Research, Testing, and Education. Summary Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
With an estimated 17-22 million animals used in laboratories annually in the United States, public interest in animal welfare has sparked an often emotional debate over such uses of animals. Concerns focus on balancing societal needs for continued progress in biomedical and behavioral research, for toxicity testing to safeguard the public, and for education in the life sciences with desires to replace, reduce, and refine the use of laboratory animals. In 1985, the United States Congress enacted three laws that dealt with laboratory animals, including amendments to the Animal Welfare Act. This assessment analyzes the scientific, regulatory, economic, legal, and ethical considerations involved in alternative technologies in biomedical and behavioral research, toxicity testing, and education. Included is a detailed examination of federal, state, and institutional regulation of animal use, and a review of recent developments in 10 other countries. The report illustrates a range of options for congressional action in seven areas of public policy regarding animals: using existing alternatives; developing new alternatives; disseminating research and testing information; restricting animal use; counting the numbers and kinds of animals used; establishing a uniform policy for animal use within federal agencies; and amending the Animal Welfare Act. (JN)
| Author | : Christoph A. Reinhardt |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 200 |
| Release | : 2008-11-20 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3527616047 |
Download Alternatives to Animal Testing Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Opinion leaders in science and politics examine findings and legislation in alternatives to animal testing! Refine, reduce, replace - These are the three demands that scientists have placed upon themselves in their search for alternatives to animal testing. Indeed much interdisciplinary research is being carried on today, and new fields have emerged, such as in-vitro toxicology. The three R's call for new scientific insights. Moreover, validation and acceptance strategies have to be adapted, a process of much ongoing interest and vital concern to the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Researchers need to know exactly what has been achieved and accepted in alternatives to animal testing in science and politics. In this book they have the opportunity to benefit from the knowledge and expertise of leading researchers and influential representatives of national and international regulatory authorities.
| Author | : Michael Balls |
| Publisher | : Royal Society of Chemistry |
| Total Pages | : 137 |
| Release | : 2006 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 0854042113 |
Download Alternatives to Animal Testing Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Animal experimentation has long been a controversial issue with impassioned arguments on both sides of the debate. Increasingly it has become more expedient and feasible to develop new methods that avoid the use of animals. There is agreement on both sides that reduction and refinement of experiments on animals should be an important goal for the industries involved. Alternatives to Animal Testing, written by leading experts in the field, discusses the issues involved and approaches that can be taken. Topics include; the safety evaluation of chemicals, international validation and barriers to the validation of alternative tests, in vitro testing for endocrine disruptors, intelligent approaches to safety evaluation of chemicals, alternative tests and the regulatory framework. The book provides an up-to-date discussion of the current state of development of alternatives to animal testing and is ideal for professionals and academics in the field. It would also be of use for graduate students wishing to pursue a career in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 192 |
| Release | : 1986 |
| Genre | : Animal experimentation |
| ISBN | : |
Download Alternative Methods for Toxicity Testing Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
| Author | : National Research Council |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 223 |
| Release | : 2003-08-22 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 030916785X |
Download Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Expanding on the National Research Council's Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, this book deals specifically with mammals in neuroscience and behavioral research laboratories. It offers flexible guidelines for the care of these animals, and guidance on adapting these guidelines to various situations without hindering the research process. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research offers a more in-depth treatment of concerns specific to these disciplines than any previous guide on animal care and use. It treats on such important subjects as: The important role that the researcher and veterinarian play in developing animal protocols. Methods for assessing and ensuring an animal's well-being. General animal-care elements as they apply to neuroscience and behavioral research, and common animal welfare challenges this research can pose. The use of professional judgment and careful interpretation of regulations and guidelines to develop performance standards ensuring animal well-being and high-quality research. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research treats the development and evaluation of animal-use protocols as a decision-making process, not just a decision. To this end, it presents the most current, in-depth information about the best practices for animal care and use, as they pertain to the intricacies of neuroscience and behavioral research.
