Reducing Overclassification Through Accountability PDF Download
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| Author | : Elizabeth Goitein |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 67 |
| Release | : 2011 |
| Genre | : Security classification (Government documents) |
| ISBN | : |
Download Reducing Overclassification Through Accountability Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
A major theme of this report--and a source of frustration to those who have studied the classification system is the persistent gap between written regulation and actual practice. Chief executives since Franklin Delano Roosevelt have issued executive orders on classification. Classification authority emanates primarily from these orders, which have long purported to impose common-sense limits, such as a ban on using classification to conceal embarrassing information about government officials. And the current order--Executive Order 13,526, which President Obama issued in December 2009 includes further limits, such as a requirement that records not be classified if significant doubt exists about the need for secrecy. In practice, however, such limits too often fall by the wayside. As a Senate Commission chaired by Daniel Patrick Moynihan found, "Any policy, including on classification and declassification, is only as good as its implementation." This report focuses on improved implementation, i.e., how to make sure that classifiers comply with existing criteria for classifying documents. This report concludes that the primary source of the "implementation gap" is the skewed incentive structure underlying the current system--a structure that all but guarantees overclassification will occur.
| Author | : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 16 |
| Release | : 2010 |
| Genre | : Government information |
| ISBN | : |
Download Reducing Over-Classification Act Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
| Author | : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 16 |
| Release | : 2010 |
| Genre | : Government information |
| ISBN | : |
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| Author | : Andrew J. Stewart |
| Publisher | : Cornell University Press |
| Total Pages | : 310 |
| Release | : 2021-09-15 |
| Genre | : Computers |
| ISBN | : 1501759043 |
Download A Vulnerable System Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
As threats to the security of information pervade the fabric of everyday life, A Vulnerable System describes how, even as the demand for information security increases, the needs of society are not being met. The result is that the confidentiality of our personal data, the integrity of our elections, and the stability of foreign relations between countries are increasingly at risk. Andrew J. Stewart convincingly shows that emergency software patches and new security products cannot provide the solution to threats such as computer hacking, viruses, software vulnerabilities, and electronic spying. Profound underlying structural problems must first be understood, confronted, and then addressed. A Vulnerable System delivers a long view of the history of information security, beginning with the creation of the first digital computers during the Cold War. From the key institutions of the so-called military industrial complex in the 1950s to Silicon Valley start-ups in the 2020s, the relentless pursuit of new technologies has come at great cost. The absence of knowledge regarding the history of information security has caused the lessons of the past to be forsaken for the novelty of the present, and has led us to be collectively unable to meet the needs of the current day. From the very beginning of the information age, claims of secure systems have been crushed by practical reality. The myriad risks to technology, Stewart reveals, cannot be addressed without first understanding how we arrived at this moment. A Vulnerable System is an enlightening and sobering history of a topic that affects crucial aspects of our lives.
| Author | : Vigjilenca Abazi |
| Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
| Total Pages | : 223 |
| Release | : 2019-04-09 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 0192578642 |
Download Official Secrets and Oversight in the EU Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This monograph offers a uniquely comprehensive and in-depth legal account of official secrets in the European Union. It critically analyses their implications for oversight and fundamental rights. Based on forty interviews with practitioners and other stakeholders, it offers an understanding of the practices of official secrets and provides a critical and much-needed perspective on how parliamentary, judicial and administrative oversight institutions deal with access to classified material and the dilemma of oversight to concurrently ensure secrecy necessary for EU security policies and openness needed for democratic processes and fundamental rights. The book discerns shifts in institutional practice of oversight at the European Parliament and the Court of Justice of the European Union that disproportionately favour secrecy and the protection of classified documents while creating serious limitations to open democratic deliberations and access to justice, and delivers new insights on the EU's development as a security actor as well as its autonomy from Member States, showing how rules on official secrets were a means for the EU to gain more autonomy in external security cooperation.
| Author | : Dana Priest |
| Publisher | : Little, Brown |
| Total Pages | : 327 |
| Release | : 2011-09-06 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 0316194042 |
Download Top Secret America Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The top-secret world that the government created in response to the 9/11 terrorist attacks has become so enormous, so unwieldy, and so secretive that no one knows how much money it costs, how many people it employs or exactly how many agencies duplicate work being done elsewhere. The result is that the system put in place to keep the United States safe may be putting us in greater danger. In Top Secret America, award-winning reporters Dana Priest and William Arkin uncover the enormous size, shape, mission, and consequences of this invisible universe of over 1,300 government facilities in every state in America; nearly 2,000 outside companies used as contractors; and more than 850,000 people granted "Top Secret" security clearance. A landmark exposé of a new, secret "Fourth Branch" of American government, Top Secret America is a tour de force of investigative reporting-and a book sure to spark national and international alarm.
| Author | : Harold Hongju Koh |
| Publisher | : Yale University Press |
| Total Pages | : 495 |
| Release | : 2024-06-25 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 0300253109 |
Download The National Security Constitution in the Twenty-First Century Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
A deeply researched, fully updated edition of The National Security Constitution that explores the growing imbalance of institutional powers in American foreign affairs and national security policy Since the beginning of the American Republic, a package of norms has evolved in the U.S. Constitution to protect the operation of checks and balances in national security policy. This "National Security Constitution" promotes shared powers and balanced institutional participation in foreign policymaking. Today it is under attack from a competing claim of executive unilateralism generated by recurrent patterns of presidential activism, congressional passivity, and judicial tolerance. This dynamic has pushed presidents of both parties to press the limits of law in foreign affairs. In his award-winning National Security Constitution (1990), Harold Hongju Koh traced the evolution of this constitutional struggle across America's history. This new book, based on the earlier volume but with roughly 70 percent new material, brings the story to the present, placing recent events into constitutional perspective. Reviewing the presidencies of the twenty-first century, he explains why modern national security threats have given presidents of both parties incentives to monopolize foreign policy decision-making, Congress incentives to defer, and the courts reasons to rubber-stamp. Koh suggests both a workable strategy and crucial prescriptions to restore the balance of our constitutional order in addressing modern global crises.
| Author | : Mark Fenster |
| Publisher | : Stanford University Press |
| Total Pages | : 427 |
| Release | : 2017-07-18 |
| Genre | : Law |
| ISBN | : 1503602672 |
Download The Transparency Fix Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Is the government too secret or not secret enough? Why is there simultaneously too much government secrecy and a seemingly endless procession of government leaks? The Transparency Fix asserts that we incorrectly assume that government information can be controlled. The same impulse that drives transparency movements also drives secrecy advocates. They all hold the mistaken belief that government information can either be released or kept secure on command. The Transparency Fix argues for a reformation in our assumptions about secrecy and transparency. The world did not end because Julian Assange, WikiLeaks, and Edward Snowden released classified information. But nor was there a significant political change. "Transparency" has become a buzzword, while secrecy is anathema. Using a variety of real-life examples to examine how government information actually flows, Mark Fenster describes how the legal regime's tenuous control over state information belies both the promise and peril of transparency. He challenges us to confront the implausibility of controlling government information and shows us how the contemporary obsession surrounding transparency and secrecy cannot radically change a state that is defined by so much more than information.
| Author | : Rubén Arcos |
| Publisher | : Taylor & Francis |
| Total Pages | : 475 |
| Release | : 2023-11-17 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 1000908178 |
Download Routledge Handbook of Disinformation and National Security Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This interdisciplinary Handbook provides an in-depth analysis of the complex security phenomenon of disinformation and offers a toolkit to counter such tactics. Disinformation used to propagate false, inexact or out of context information is today a frequently used tool of political manipulation and information warfare, both online and offline. This Handbook evidences a historical thread of continuing practices and modus operandi in overt state propaganda and covert information operations. Further, it attempts to unveil current methods used by propaganda actors, the inherent vulnerabilities they exploit in the fabric of democratic societies and, last but not least, to highlight current practices in countering disinformation and building resilient audiences. The Handbook is divided into six thematic sections. The first part provides a set of theoretical approaches to hostile influencing, disinformation and covert information operations. The second part looks at disinformation and propaganda in historical perspective offering case study analysis of disinformation, and the third focuses on providing understanding of the contemporary challenges posed by disinformation and hostile influencing. The fourth part examines information and communication practices used for countering disinformation and building resilience. The fifth part analyses specific regional experiences in countering and deterring disinformation, as well as international policy responses from transnational institutions and security practitioners. Finally, the sixth part offers a practical toolkit for practitioners to counter disinformation and hostile influencing. This handbook will be of much interest to students of national security, propaganda studies, media and communications studies, intelligence studies and International Relations in general.
| Author | : A. Svendsen |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 260 |
| Release | : 2012-08-30 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 1137269367 |
Download The Professionalization of Intelligence Cooperation Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
An insightful exploration of intelligence cooperation (officially known as liaison), including its international dimensions. This book offers a distinct understanding of this process, valuable to those involved in critical information flows, such as intelligence, risk, crisis and emergency managers.
