Recoveries After Pandemics The Role Of Policies And Structural Features PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download Recoveries After Pandemics The Role Of Policies And Structural Features PDF full book. Access full book title Recoveries After Pandemics The Role Of Policies And Structural Features.
Author | : Juan Pablo Cuesta Aguirre |
Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
Total Pages | : 40 |
Release | : 2021-07-09 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1513583794 |
Download Recoveries After Pandemics: The Role of Policies and Structural Features Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
To shed light on the possible scarring effects from Covid-19, this paper studies the economic effects of five past pandemics using local projections on a sample of fifty-five countries over 1990-2019. The findings reveal that pandemics have detrimental medium-term effects on output, unemployment, poverty, and inequality. However, policies can go a long way toward alleviating suffering and fostering an inclusive recovery. The adverse output effects are limited for countries that provided relatively greater fiscal support. The increases in unemployment, poverty, and inequality are likewise lower for countries with relatively greater fiscal support and relatively stronger initial conditions (as defined by higher formality, family benefits, and health spending per capita).
Author | : Mr. Philip Barrett |
Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
Total Pages | : 23 |
Release | : 2021-07-30 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1513587900 |
Download After-Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Prospects for Medium-Term Economic Damage Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a severe global recession with differential impacts within and across countries. This paper examines the possible persistent effects (scarring) of the pandemic on the economy and the channels through which they may occur. History suggests that deep recessions often leave long-lived scars, particularly to productivity. Importantly, financial instabilities—typically associated with worse scarring—have been largely avoided in the current crisis so far. While medium-term output losses are anticipated to be lower than after the global financial crisis, they are still expected to be substantial. The degree of expected scarring varies across countries, depending on the structure of economies and the size of the policy response. Emerging market and developing economies are expected to suffer more scarring than advanced economies.
Author | : World Health Organization |
Publisher | : World Health Organization |
Total Pages | : 62 |
Release | : 2009 |
Genre | : Medical |
ISBN | : 9241547685 |
Download Pandemic Influenza Preparedness and Response Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This guidance is an update of WHO global influenza preparedness plan: the role of WHO and recommendations for national measures before and during pandemics, published March 2005 (WHO/CDS/CSR/GIP/2005.5).
Author | : Ramesh Subramaniam |
Publisher | : Asian Development Bank |
Total Pages | : 242 |
Release | : 2021-07-01 |
Genre | : Medical |
ISBN | : 9292629263 |
Download Policy Actions for COVID-19 Economic Recovery Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The Policy Actions for COVID-19 Economic Recovery (PACER) Dialogues were held from June to September 2020 as the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic accelerated around the world. They shared cutting-edge knowledge and best practices to help countries in Southeast Asia and the People's Republic of China strengthen cooperation to mitigate the devastating effects of COVID-19 and accelerate their economic recovery. This compendium of 13 policy briefs summarizes the discussions, recommendations, and actionable insights from the PACER Dialogues.
Author | : Franziska Ohnsorge |
Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
Total Pages | : 397 |
Release | : 2022-02-09 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1464817545 |
Download The Long Shadow of Informality Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
A large percentage of workers and firms operate in the informal economy, outside the line of sight of governments in emerging market and developing economies. This may hold back the recovery in these economies from the deep recessions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic--unless governments adopt a broad set of policies to address the challenges of widespread informality. This study is the first comprehensive analysis of the extent of informality and its implications for a durable economic recovery and for long-term development. It finds that pervasive informality is associated with significantly weaker economic outcomes--including lower government resources to combat recessions, lower per capita incomes, greater poverty, less financial development, and weaker investment and productivity.
Author | : Davide Furceri |
Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
Total Pages | : 26 |
Release | : 2021-04-30 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1513582402 |
Download The Rise in Inequality After Pandemics: Can Fiscal Support Play a Mitigating Role? Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Major epidemics of the last two decades (SARS, H1N1, MERS, Ebola and Zika) have been followed by increases in inequality (Furceri, Loungani, Ostry and Pizzuto, 2020). In this paper, we show that the extent of fiscal consolidation in the years following the onset of these pandemics has played an important role in determining the extent of the increase in inequality. Episodes marked by extreme austerity—measured using either the government’s fiscal balance, health expenditures or redistribution—have been associated with an increase in the Gini measure of inequality three times as large as in episodes where fiscal policy has been more supportive. We survey the evidence thus far on the distributional impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, which suggests that inequality is likely to increase in the absence of strong policy actions. We review the case made by many observers (IMF 2020; Stiglitz 2020; Sandbu 2020b) that fiscal support should not be withdrawn prematurely despite understandable concerns about high public debt-to-GDP ratios.
Author | : OECD |
Publisher | : OECD Publishing |
Total Pages | : 404 |
Release | : 2021-07-07 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 9264340335 |
Download OECD Employment Outlook 2021 Navigating the COVID-19 Crisis and Recovery Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The 2021 edition of the OECD Employment Outlook focusses on the labour market implications of the COVID‐19 crisis. Chapters 1-3 concentrate on the main labour market and social challenges brought about by the crisis and the policies to address them.
Author | : Ms. Dora Benedek |
Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
Total Pages | : 35 |
Release | : 2021-04-27 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1498314902 |
Download A Post-Pandemic Assessment of the Sustainable Development Goals Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The COVID-19 pandemic hit countries’ development agendas hard. The ensuing recession has pushed millions into extreme poverty and has shrunk government resources available for spending on achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This Staff Discussion Note assesses the current state of play on funding SDGs in five key development areas: education, health, roads, electricity, and water and sanitation, using a newly developed dynamic macroeconomic framework.
Author | : International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept. |
Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
Total Pages | : 145 |
Release | : 2020-04-15 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1513537512 |
Download Fiscal Monitor, April 2020 Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Chapter 1 argues that fiscal policies are at the forefront of responding to the COVID-19 pandemic. Fiscal measures can save lives, protect the most-affected people and firms from the economic impact of the pandemic, and prevent the health crisis from turning into a deep long-lasting slump. A key priority is to fully accommodate spending on health and emergency services. Global coordination is for a universally low-cost vaccine and to support countries with limited health capacity. Large, temporary and targeted support is urgently needed for affected workers and firms until the emergency abates. As the shutdowns end, broad-based, coordinated fiscal stimulus—where financing conditions permit—will become more effective in fostering the recovery. Chapter 2 argues that fiscal policies are at the forefront of facilitating an economic recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic once the Great Lockdown ends. Policymakers can achieve this objective with IDEAS: Invest for the future—in health systems, infrastructure, low carbon technologies, education, and research; adopt well-planned Discretionary policies that can be deployed quickly; and Enhance Automatic Stabilizers, which are built-in budgetary tax and spending measures that automatically stabilize incomes and consumption. Importantly, improving unemployment benefit systems and social safety nets can protect household incomes from adverse shocks and strengthen resilience against future epidemics. Over the past decade, state-owned enterprises (SOEs) have doubled in importance among the world’s largest corporations. They often deliver basic services such as water, electricity, and loans for families and small businesses. At their best, they can help promote higher economic growth and achieve development goals. However, many are a burden to taxpayers and the economy. Chapter 3 discusses what governments can do to get the most out of SOEs. This includes ensuring the firm’s managers have the right incentives and there is effective oversight. It also requires a high degree of transparency of their activities.
Author | : Davide Furceri |
Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
Total Pages | : 57 |
Release | : 2019-01-15 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1484390067 |
Download Macroeconomic Consequences of Tariffs Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
We study the macroeconomic consequences of tariffs. We estimate impulse response functions from local projections using a panel of annual data that spans 151 countries over 1963-2014. We find that tariff increases lead, in the medium term, to economically and statistically significant declines in domestic output and productivity. Tariff increases also result in more unemployment, higher inequality, and real exchange rate appreciation, but only small effects on the trade balance. The effects on output and productivity tend to be magnified when tariffs rise during expansions, for advanced economies, and when tariffs go up, not down. Our results are robust to a large number of perturbations to our methodology, and we complement our analysis with industry-level data.