Reconceiving Decision-making in Democratic Politics
Author | : Bryan D. Jones |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 277 |
Release | : 1994 |
Genre | : Democracy |
ISBN | : |
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Author | : Bryan D. Jones |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 277 |
Release | : 1994 |
Genre | : Democracy |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Bryan D. Jones |
Publisher | : University of Chicago Press |
Total Pages | : 252 |
Release | : 2001-05 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 9780226406381 |
Politics and the Architecture of Choice draws on work in political science, economics, cognitive science, and psychology to offer an innovative theory of how people and organizations adapt to change and why these adaptations don't always work. Our decision-making capabilities, Jones argues, are both rational and adaptive. But because our rationality is bounded and our adaptability limited, our actions are not based simply on objective information from our environments. Instead, we overemphasize some factors and neglect others, and our inherited limitations—such as short-term memory capacity—all act to affect our judgment. Jones shows how we compensate for and replicate these limitations in groups by linking the behavioral foundations of human nature to the operation of large-scale organizations in modern society. Situating his argument within the current debate over the rational choice model of human behavior, Jones argues that we should begin with rationality as a standard and then study the uniquely human ways in which we deviate from it.
Author | : Bryan D. Jones |
Publisher | : University of Chicago Press |
Total Pages | : 290 |
Release | : 1994 |
Genre | : Philosophy |
ISBN | : 0226406512 |
Why are there often sudden abrupt changes in public opinion on political issues? Or total reversals in congressional support for specific legislation? Jones aims to answer these questions by connecting insights from cognitive science and rational-choice theory to political life.
Author | : David Lewis Schaefer |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 181 |
Release | : 2012 |
Genre | : Deliberative democracy |
ISBN | : 9786613643261 |
Democratic Decision-Making: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives contains eight essays by political scientists, all but one of them previously unpublished, addressing various aspects of the democratic decision-making process.
Author | : Hélène Landemore |
Publisher | : Princeton University Press |
Total Pages | : 303 |
Release | : 2017-02-28 |
Genre | : Political Science |
ISBN | : 0691176396 |
Individual decision making can often be wrong due to misinformation, impulses, or biases. Collective decision making, on the other hand, can be surprisingly accurate. In Democratic Reason, Hélène Landemore demonstrates that the very factors behind the superiority of collective decision making add up to a strong case for democracy. She shows that the processes and procedures of democratic decision making form a cognitive system that ensures that decisions taken by the many are more likely to be right than decisions taken by the few. Democracy as a form of government is therefore valuable not only because it is legitimate and just, but also because it is smart. Landemore considers how the argument plays out with respect to two main mechanisms of democratic politics: inclusive deliberation and majority rule. In deliberative settings, the truth-tracking properties of deliberation are enhanced more by inclusiveness than by individual competence. Landemore explores this idea in the contexts of representative democracy and the selection of representatives. She also discusses several models for the "wisdom of crowds" channeled by majority rule, examining the trade-offs between inclusiveness and individual competence in voting. When inclusive deliberation and majority rule are combined, they beat less inclusive methods, in which one person or a small group decide. Democratic Reason thus establishes the superiority of democracy as a way of making decisions for the common good.
Author | : John Gastil |
Publisher | : Philadelphia ; Gabriola Island, B.C. : New Society Publishers |
Total Pages | : 232 |
Release | : 1993 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : |
Author | : A. Mintz |
Publisher | : Springer |
Total Pages | : 175 |
Release | : 2016-04-30 |
Genre | : Political Science |
ISBN | : 1137078480 |
There are two dominant approaches to political decision making in general and foreign policy decision making in particular: rational choice and cognitive psychology. The essays here introduce and test the poliheuristic theory of decision making that integrates elements of both schools. The poliheuristic theory is able to account for the outcome and the process of decisions, and integrates across levels of analysis (individual, dyad, and group). The collection focuses on both elements of the theory itself and also looks at how the theory can be used to better understand political decisions that were made in the past.
Author | : Alex Mintz |
Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
Total Pages | : |
Release | : 2010-02-22 |
Genre | : Political Science |
ISBN | : 1139487221 |
Understanding Foreign Policy Decision Making presents a psychological approach to foreign policy decision making. This approach focuses on the decision process, dynamics, and outcome. The book includes a wealth of extended real-world case studies and examples that are woven into the text. The cases and examples, which are written in an accessible style, include decisions made by leaders of the United States, Israel, New Zealand, Cuba, Iceland, United Kingdom, and others. In addition to coverage of the rational model of decision making, levels of analysis of foreign policy decision making, and types of decisions, the book includes extensive material on alternatives to the rational choice model, the marketing and framing of decisions, cognitive biases, and domestic, cultural, and international influences on decision making in international affairs. Existing textbooks do not present such an approach to foreign policy decision making, international relations, American foreign policy, and comparative foreign policy.
Author | : Barbara Reardon Farnham |
Publisher | : Princeton University Press |
Total Pages | : 327 |
Release | : 2021-03-09 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 0691227519 |
Franklin Roosevelt's intentions during the three years between Munich and Pearl Harbor have been a source of controversy among historians for decades. Barbara Farnham offers both a theory of how the domestic political context affects foreign policy decisions in general and a fresh interpretation of FDR's post-Munich policies based on the insights that the theory provides. Between 1936 and 1938, Roosevelt searched for ways to influence the deteriorating international situation. When Hitler's behavior during the Munich crisis showed him to be incorrigibly aggressive, FDR settled on aiding the democracies, a course to which he adhered until America's entry into the war. This policy attracted him because it allowed him to deal with a serious problem: the conflict between the need to stop Hitler and the domestic imperative to avoid any risk of American involvement in a war. Because existing theoretical approaches to value conflict ignore the influence of political factors on decision-making, they offer little help in explaining Roosevelt's behavior. As an alternative, this book develops a political approach to decision-making which focuses on the impact that awareness of the imperatives of the political context can have on decision-making processes and, through them, policy outcomes. It suggests that in the face of a clash of central values decision-makers who are aware of the demands of the political context are likely to be reluctant to make trade-offs, seeking instead a solution that gives some measure of satisfaction to all the values implicated in the decision.
Author | : Nehemia Geva |
Publisher | : Lynne Rienner Publishers |
Total Pages | : 294 |
Release | : 1997 |
Genre | : Political Science |
ISBN | : 9781555877217 |
Reviewing, comparing, and contrasting models of foreign policy, this volume focuses on the cognitive vs rational debate about decisionmaking on war and peace. It provides alternative models of foreign policy choice and identifies when one strategy is more appropriate than another.