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Reasoning of State

Reasoning of State
Author: Brian C. Rathbun
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 353
Release: 2019-02-14
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1108688381
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Scholars and citizens tend to assume that rationality guides the decision-making of our leaders. Brian C. Rathbun suggests, however, that if we understand rationality to be a cognitive style premised on a commitment to objectivity and active deliberation, rational leaders are in fact the exception not the norm. Using a unique combination of methods including laboratory bargaining experiments, archival-based case studies, quantitative textual analysis and high-level interviews, Rathbun questions some of the basic assumptions about rationality and leadership, with profound implications for the field of international relations. Case studies of Bismarck and Richelieu show that the rationality of realists makes them rare. An examination of Churchill and Reagan, romantics in international politics who sought to overcome obstacles in their path through force of will and personal agency, show what less rationality looks like in foreign policy making.

The Reasoning State

The Reasoning State
Author: Edward H. Stiglitz
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 319
Release: 2022-06-30
Genre: Law
ISBN: 1108485960
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Develops a theory of the modern state based on trust, drawing on Law, History and Social Science.

Reasoning Against Madness

Reasoning Against Madness
Author: Manuella Meyer
Publisher: Boydell & Brewer
Total Pages: 264
Release: 2017
Genre: History
ISBN: 1580465781
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Examines the emergence of Brazilian psychiatry during a period of national regeneration, demonstrating how sociopolitical negotiations can shape psychiatric professionalization

Ethics by Committee

Ethics by Committee
Author: Noortje Jacobs
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Total Pages: 305
Release: 2022-08-26
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0226819329
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"Ethics boards have become obligatory passage points in today's medical science, and we forget how novel they really are. The use of humans in experiments is an age-old practice that records show goes back to at least the third century BC and, since the early modern period, as a practice it has become increasingly popular. Yet, in most countries around the world, hardly any formal checks and balances existed to govern the communal oversight of experiments involving human subjects until at least the 1960s. Ethics by Committee traces the rise of ethics boards for human experimentation in the second half of the twentieth century. Using the Netherlands as a case-study, Noortje Jacobs shows how the authority of physicians to make decisions about clinical research gave way in most developed nations to formal mechanisms of communal decision-making that served to regiment the behavior of individual researchers. This historically unprecedented change in scientific governance came out of a growing international wariness of medical research in the decades after World War II. Research ethics committees were originally intended not only to make human experimentation more ethical but also to raise its epistemic quality. By examining complex negotiations over the appropriate governance of human subjects research, Ethics by Committee advances our understanding not only of the history of research ethics and the randomized controlled trial but also, more broadly, of how liberal democracies in the late twentieth century have sought to resolve public concerns over charged issues in medicine and science"--

Logical Reasoning

Logical Reasoning
Author: Bradley Harris Dowden
Publisher: Bradley Dowden
Total Pages: 516
Release: 1993
Genre: Critical thinking
ISBN: 9780534176884
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This book is designed to engage students' interest and promote their writing abilities while teaching them to think critically and creatively. Dowden takes an activist stance on critical thinking, asking students to create and revise arguments rather than simply recognizing and criticizing them. His book emphasizes inductive reasoning and the analysis of individual claims in the beginning, leaving deductive arguments for consideration later in the course.

The Nature of Reasoning

The Nature of Reasoning
Author: Jacqueline P. Leighton
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 484
Release: 2004
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 9780521009287
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We are bombarded with information - press releases, television news, Internet websites, and office memos, just to name a few - on a daily basis. However, the important conclusions that may or need to be inferred from such information are typically not provided. We must draw the conclusions by ourselves. How do we draw these conclusions? This book addresses how we reason to reach sensible conclusions. The purpose of this book is to organize in one volume what is known about reasoning, such as its structural prerequisites, its mechanisms, its susceptibility to pragmatic influences, its pitfalls, and the bases for its development. Given that reasoning underlies so many of our intellectual activities - when we learn, criticize, analyze, judge, infer, evaluate, optimize, apply, discover, imagine, devise, and create - we stand to gain a great deal if we can learn to define, operate, apply, and nurture our reasoning.

Case-based Reasoning

Case-based Reasoning
Author: Janet L. Kolodner
Publisher: Morgan Kaufmann
Total Pages: 512
Release: 1988
Genre: Computers
ISBN:
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Legal Reasoning for CLAT, AILET, SLAT & Other Law Entrance Exams with Previous Year Questions 4th Edition

Legal Reasoning for CLAT, AILET, SLAT & Other Law Entrance Exams with Previous Year Questions 4th Edition
Author: Disha Experts
Publisher: Disha Publications
Total Pages: 386
Release:
Genre:
ISBN: 8119181271
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Download Legal Reasoning for CLAT, AILET, SLAT & Other Law Entrance Exams with Previous Year Questions 4th Edition Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle

The updated and revised 4th Edition of Legal Aptitude & Reasoning for CLAT, AILET, SLAT & Other Law Entrance Exams has been upgraded as per the new CLAT pattern and it now includes Passage based Questions. So the book becomes a Must for all Law Admission Tests. # The book also provides latest Legal Reasoning Questions. # The book is divided into 2 parts. # Part A - Legal Foundation covers the Indian Constitution, Executive, Judiciary etc. which forms the foundation for studying Legal Aptitude. # Part B - Legal Aptitude & Reasoning covers all the important tenets of the Legal Framework and teaches how to reason out the various real-life situations based on the Legal Principles. # The book covers a lot of MCQs for Practice. Past Questions from 2015 - 2024 of various exams are incorporated in the various chapters in the book.

Case-Based Reasoning

Case-Based Reasoning
Author: Isabelle Bichindaritz
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 554
Release: 2010-07-07
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 3642142737
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This book constitutes the proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Case-Based Reasoning, held in Alessandria, Italy, in July 2010.

Reasoning

Reasoning
Author: Daniel Krawczyk
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 352
Release: 2017-11-13
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0128095768
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Reasoning: The Neuroscience of How We Think is a comprehensive guide to the core topics related to a thorough understanding of reasoning. It presents the current knowledge of the subject in a unified, complete manner, ranging from animal studies, to applied situations, and is the only book available that presents a sustained focus on the neurobiological processes behind reasoning throughout all chapters, while also synthesizing research from animal behavior, cognitive psychology, development, and philosophy for a truly multidisciplinary approach. The book considers historical perspectives, state-of-the-art research methods, and future directions in emerging technology and cognitive enhancement. Written by an expert in the field, this book provides a coherent and structured narrative appropriate for students in need of an introduction to the topic of reasoning as well as researchers seeking well-rounded foundational content. It is essential reading for neuroscientists, cognitive scientists, neuropsychologists and others interested in the neural mechanisms behind thinking, reasoning and higher cognition. Provides a comparative perspective considering animal cognition and its relevance to human reasoning Includes developmental and lifespan considerations throughout the book Discusses technological development and its role in reasoning, both currently and in the future Considers perspectives from not only neuroscience, but cognitive psychology, philosophy, development, and animal behavior for a multidisciplinary treatment Contains highlight boxes featuring additional details on methods, historical descriptions and experimental tasks