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Rational Mothers and Infidel Gentlemen

Rational Mothers and Infidel Gentlemen
Author: Evelyn A. Kirkley
Publisher:
Total Pages: 242
Release: 2000
Genre: Religion
ISBN:

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Calling themselves "Freethinkers, " self-proclaimed liberals organized across the United States after the Civil War to oppose endorsement of Christianity as the national religion. Heralding a trinity of science, rationalism, and progress, these atheists and agnostics advocated the complete separation of church and state. They were self-conscious prototypes of the modern, secular American and counted among their numbers Robert G. Ingersoll, Francis E. Abbott, Moses Harman, Matilda Joslyn Gage, and Elizabeth Cady Stanton. What did they think about masculinity and femininity? In her book, Evelyn Kirkley argues that their understanding of gender was more complex, ranging from biological determinism to historic constructionism. Kirkley asserts that "Freethinkers" accepted, rejected, and synthesized late Victorian gender norms, struggling both to achieve social and political respect and remain faithful to their principles. Most intriguing, she concludes, is their debate over man- and womanhood, which was a precursor to the late twentieth-century gender controversy in the academy, another institution prizing science, rationalism, and progress.


Infidels and the Damn Churches

Infidels and the Damn Churches
Author: Lynne Marks
Publisher: UBC Press
Total Pages: 337
Release: 2017-06-09
Genre: History
ISBN: 0774833475

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British Columbia is at the forefront of a secularizing movement in the English-speaking world. Nearly half its residents claim no religious affiliation, and the province has the highest rate of unbelief or religious indifference in Canada. Infidels and the Damn Churches explores the historical roots of this phenomenon from the 1880s to the First World War. Lynne Marks reveals that class and racial tensions fuelled irreligion in a world populated by embattled ministers, militant atheists, turn-of-the-century New Agers, rough-living miners, Asian immigrants, and church-going settler women. White, working-class men often arrived in the province alone and identified the church with their exploitative employers. At the same time, BC’s anti-Asian and anti-Indigenous racism meant that their “whiteness” alone could define them as respectable, without the need for church affiliation. Consequently, although Christianity retained major social power elsewhere, many people in BC found the freedom to forgo church attendance or espouse atheist views. This nuanced study of mobility, gender, masculinity, and family in settler BC offers new insights into BC’s distinctive culture and into the beginnings of what has become an increasingly dominant secular worldview across Canada.


Evangelical Disenchantment

Evangelical Disenchantment
Author: David Hempton
Publisher: Yale University Press
Total Pages: 246
Release: 2008-12-01
Genre: Biography & Autobiography
ISBN: 030014282X

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"David Hempton looks at evangelicalism through the lens of well-known individuals who once embraced the evangelical tradition, but later repudiated it. The author recounts the faith journeys of nine creative artists, social reformers, and public intellectuals of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries"--Publisher description.


Practicing Atheism

Practicing Atheism
Author: Hannah K. Scheidt
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 229
Release: 2021
Genre: Religion
ISBN: 0197536948

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Although many individuals identify as atheists, little is understood about the belief system beyond the simple lack of a belief in a higher power. Hannah K. Scheidt's Practicing Atheism: Culture, Media, and Ritual in the Contemporary Atheist Network unpacks the cultural products, both corporate-driven and grassroots, that carry messages about atheism to examine the complicated relationship between organized atheism and religion.


Systematic Atheology

Systematic Atheology
Author: John R. Shook
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 292
Release: 2017-12-01
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 135162637X

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Atheology is the intellectual effort to understand atheism, defend the reasonableness of unbelief, and support nonbelievers in their encounters with religion. This book presents a historical overview of the development of atheology from ancient thought to the present day. It offers in-depth examinations of four distinctive schools of atheological thought: rationalist atheology, scientific atheology, moral atheology, and civic atheology. John R. Shook shows how a familiarity with atheology’s complex histories, forms, and strategies illuminates the contentious features of today’s atheist and secularist movements, which are just as capable of contesting each other as opposing religion. The result is a book that provides a disciplined and philosophically rigorous examination of atheism’s intellectual strategies for reasoning with theology. Systematic Atheology is an important contribution to the philosophy of religion, religious studies, secular studies, and the sociology and psychology of nonreligion.


The Twilight of Atheism

The Twilight of Atheism
Author: Alister McGrath
Publisher: WaterBrook
Total Pages: 322
Release: 2007-12-18
Genre: Religion
ISBN: 0307424170

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In this bold and provocative new book, the author of In the Beginning and The Reenchantment of Nature challenges the widely held assumption that the world is becoming more secular and demonstrates why atheism cannot provide the moral and intellectual guidance essential for coping with the complexities of modern life. Atheism is one of the most important movements in modern Western culture. For the last two hundred years, it seemed to be on the verge of eliminating religion as an outmoded and dangerous superstition. Recent years, however, have witnessed the decline of disbelief and a rise in religious devotion throughout the world. In THE TWILIGHT OF ATHEISM, the distinguished historian and theologian Alister McGrath examines what went wrong with the atheist dream and explains why religion and faith are destined to play a central role in the twenty-first century. A former atheist who is now one of Christianity’s foremost scholars, McGrath traces the history of atheism from its emergence in eighteenth-century Europe as a revolutionary worldview that offered liberation from the rigidity of traditional religion and the oppression of tyrannical monarchs, to its golden age in the first half of the twentieth century. Blending thoughtful, authoritative historical analysis with incisive portraits of such leading and influential atheists as Sigmund Freud and Richard Dawkins, McGrath exposes the flaws at the heart of atheism, and argues that the renewal of faith is a natural, inevitable, and necessary response to its failures. THE TWILIGHT OF ATHEISM will unsettle believers and nonbelievers alike. A powerful rebuttal of the philosophy that, for better and for worse, has exerted tremendous influence on Western history, it carries major implications for the future of both religion and unbelief in our society.


Secularists, Religion and Government in Nineteenth-Century America

Secularists, Religion and Government in Nineteenth-Century America
Author: Timothy Verhoeven
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 286
Release: 2018-12-19
Genre: History
ISBN: 3030028771

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This book shows how, through a series of fierce battles over Sabbath laws, legislative chaplains, Bible-reading in public schools and other flashpoints, nineteenth-century secularists mounted a powerful case for a separation of religion and government. Among their diverse ranks were religious skeptics, liberal Protestants, members of minority faiths, labor reformers and defenders of slavery. Drawing on popular petitions to Congress, a neglected historical source, the book explores how this secularist mobilization gathered energy at the grassroots level. The nineteenth century is usually seen as the golden age of an informal Protestant establishment. Timothy Verhoeven demonstrates that, far from being crushed by an evangelical juggernaut, secularists harnessed a range of cultural forces—the legacy of the Revolutionary founders, hostility to Catholicism, a belief in national exceptionalism and more—to argue that the United States was not a Christian nation, branding their opponents as fanatics who threatened both democratic liberties as well as true religion.


Infidel feminism

Infidel feminism
Author: Laura Schwarz
Publisher: Manchester University Press
Total Pages: 265
Release: 2017-10-03
Genre: Religion
ISBN: 1526130661

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Infidel feminism is the first in-depth study of a distinctive brand of women’s rights that emerged out of the Victorian Secularist movement. It looks at the lives and work of a number of female activists, whose renunciation of religion shaped their struggle for emancipation. Anti-religious or secular ideas were fundamental to the development of feminist thought, but have, until now, been almost entirely passed over in the historiography of the Victorian and Edwardian women’s movement. In uncovering an important tradition of Freethinking feminism, this book reveals an ongoing radical and free love current connecting Owenite feminism with the more ‘respectable’ post-1850 women’s movement and the ‘New Women’ of the early twentieth century. This book will be invaluable to both scholars and students of social and cultural history and feminist thought, and to interdisciplinary studies of religion and secularisation, as well as those interested in the history of women’s movements more broadly.


Black Freethinkers

Black Freethinkers
Author: Christopher Cameron
Publisher: Northwestern University Press
Total Pages: 383
Release: 2019-09-15
Genre: History
ISBN: 0810140802

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Black Freethinkers argues that, contrary to historical and popular depictions of African Americans as naturally religious, freethought has been central to black political and intellectual life from the nineteenth century to the present. Freethought encompasses many different schools of thought, including atheism, agnosticism, and nontraditional orientations such as deism and paganism. Christopher Cameron suggests an alternative origin of nonbelief and religious skepticism in America, namely the brutality of the institution of slavery. He also traces the growth of atheism and agnosticism among African Americans in two major political and intellectual movements of the 1920s: the New Negro Renaissance and the growth of black socialism and communism. In a final chapter, he explores the critical importance of freethought among participants in the civil rights and Black Power movements of the 1960s and 1970s. Examining a wealth of sources, including slave narratives, travel accounts, novels, poetry, memoirs, newspapers, and archival sources such as church records, sermons, and letters, the study follows the lives and contributions of well-known figures, including Frederick Douglass, Zora Neale Hurston, James Baldwin, and Alice Walker, as well as lesser-known thinkers such as Louise Thompson Patterson, Sarah Webster Fabio, and David Cincore.


Race in a Godless World

Race in a Godless World
Author: Nathan G. Alexander
Publisher: Manchester University Press
Total Pages: 369
Release: 2019-09-16
Genre: Religion
ISBN: 1526142392

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Is modern racism a product of secularisation and the decline of Christian universalism? The debate has raged for decades, but up to now, the actual racial views of historical atheists and freethinkers have never been subjected to a systematic analysis. Race in a Godless World sets out to correct the oversight. It centres on Britain and the United States in the second half of the nineteenth century, a time when popular atheist movements were emerging and scepticism about the truth of Christianity was becoming widespread. Covering racial and evolutionary science, imperialism, slavery and racial prejudice in theory and practice, it provides a much-needed account of the complex and sometimes contradictory ideas espoused by the transatlantic community of atheists and freethinkers. It also reflects on the social dimension of irreligiousness, exploring how working-class atheists’ experiences of exclusion could make them sympathetic to other marginalised groups.