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Radical Ionic Systems

Radical Ionic Systems
Author: Anders Lund
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 496
Release: 2012-02-01
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9789401137515

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It is now more than 20 years since the book "Radical Ions" edited by Kaiser and Kevan appeared. It contained aspects regarding generation, identification, spin density determination and reactivity of charged molecules with an odd number of electrons. New classes of reactive ion radicals have been detected and characterised since then, most notably cation radicals of saturated organic compounds. Trapping of electrons has been found to occur not only in frozen glasses but also in organic crystals. The structure and reactions of anion radicals of saturated compounds have been clarified during the last 20 years. We have asked leading experts in the field to write separate chapters about cation radicals, anion radicals and trapped electrons as well as more complex systems of biological or technological interest. More attention is paid to recent studies of the ions of saturated compounds than to the older and previously reviewed work on aromatic ions. In the case of trapped electrons full coverage is out of the question, and focus is on recent efforts to characterise the solvation structure in ordered and disordered systems.


Radical Ionic Systems

Radical Ionic Systems
Author: Anders Lund
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 498
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9401137501

Download Radical Ionic Systems Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle

It is now more than 20 years since the book "Radical Ions" edited by Kaiser and Kevan appeared. It contained aspects regarding generation, identification, spin density determination and reactivity of charged molecules with an odd number of electrons. New classes of reactive ion radicals have been detected and characterised since then, most notably cation radicals of saturated organic compounds. Trapping of electrons has been found to occur not only in frozen glasses but also in organic crystals. The structure and reactions of anion radicals of saturated compounds have been clarified during the last 20 years. We have asked leading experts in the field to write separate chapters about cation radicals, anion radicals and trapped electrons as well as more complex systems of biological or technological interest. More attention is paid to recent studies of the ions of saturated compounds than to the older and previously reviewed work on aromatic ions. In the case of trapped electrons full coverage is out of the question, and focus is on recent efforts to characterise the solvation structure in ordered and disordered systems.


Radical Ions

Radical Ions
Author: Emil Thomas Kaiser
Publisher:
Total Pages: 814
Release: 1968
Genre: Science
ISBN:

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Electron spin densities / James R. Bolton -- Metal ketyls and related radical ions - electron structures and ion pair equilibria / Noboru Hirota -- Semidione radical anions / Glen A. Russell -- Radical cations / Gershon Vincow -- Orbital degeneracy in benzene and substituent effects / Kerry W. Bowers -- Recent advances in the chemistry of aromatic anion radicals / M. Thomas Jones -- Some organometallic radicals and ion radicals of the group IV elements / Grant Urry -- Radical anions of sulfur-containing aromatic compounds / M.M. Urberg and E.T. Kaiser -- Ionic processes in [gamma]-irradiated organic solids at -196 [degrees] / William H. Hamill -- The structure of inorganic radicals / Hilary J. Bower, M.C.R. Symons and D.J.A. Tinling -- Fragments in irradiated ionic solids / Joseph Cunningham -- Trapped radicals in inorganic glasses / A. Treinin -- Electron spin resonance of first row transition metal complex ions / H.A. Kuska and Max t. Rogers.


Ion-Radical Organic Chemistry

Ion-Radical Organic Chemistry
Author: Zory Vlad Todres
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 496
Release: 2008-10-20
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9781420008395

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Consolidating knowledge from a number of disciplines, Ion-Radical Organic Chemistry: Principles and Applications, Second Edition presents the recent changes that have occurred in the field since the publication of the first edition in 2003. This volume examines the formation, transformation, and application of ion-radicals in typical conditions of organic synthesis. Avoiding complex mathematics, the author explains the principles of ion-radical organic chemistry and presents an overview of organic ion-radical reactions. He reviews methods of determining ion-radical mechanisms and controlling ion-radical reactions. Wherever applicable, the text addresses issues relating to ecology and biomedical concerns as well as inorganic participants of the ion-radical organic reactions. After reviewing the nature of organic ion-radicals and their ground-state electronic structure, the book discusses their formation, the relationship between electronic structure and reactivity, mechanism and regulation of reactions, stereochemical aspects, synthetic opportunities, and practical applications. Additional topics include electronic and opto-electronic devices, organic magnets and conductors, lubricants, other materials, and reactions of industrial or biomedical importance. The book concludes by providing an outlook on possible future development in this field. Researchers and practitioners engaged in active work on synthetic or mechanistic organic chemistry and its practical applications will find this text to be invaluable in both its scope and its depth.


Inorganic Syntheses, Volume 34

Inorganic Syntheses, Volume 34
Author:
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 284
Release: 2004-07-12
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0471653675

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This series provides inorganic chemists with detailed and foolproof procedures for the preparation of important and timely compounds. Volume 34 continues to report such procedures with an up-to-date selection of contributions by internationally-recognized researchers, including the following:


Ion-Radical Organic Chemistry

Ion-Radical Organic Chemistry
Author: Zory Vlad Todres
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 464
Release: 2002-09-10
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9780203909393

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Examining the formation, transformation, and application of ion radicals in typical conditions of organic synthesis, Organic Ion Radicals: Chemistry and Applications explains the reactions and principles of ion radical chemistry. The author addresses methods of determining ion- radical mechanisms and controlling ion radical reactions, issues relati


Electronic Absorption Spectra of Radical Ions

Electronic Absorption Spectra of Radical Ions
Author: Tadamasa Shida
Publisher: Elsevier Publishing Company
Total Pages: 468
Release: 1988
Genre: Science
ISBN:

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The rapid growth in research activities related directly and indirectly to chemical intermediates has increased the demand for dependable spectral information on radical ions. Such information is needed for identifying newly-produced intermediates under various experimental conditions such as laser photolysis, pulse radiolysis, irradiation with synchrotron radiation, electron bombardment, electrolysis, chemical reactions involving electron transfer, and so on. This large-format handbook comprises the first comprehensive compilation of electronic absorption spectra of radical cations and anions. Most radical ions are difficult to produce by conventional methods and their highly reactive character makes their detection and measurement of their spectra difficult. However, the author of this book has employed a unique technique - a combination of matrix isolation and radiolytic methods - which has enabled him to record more than seven hundred spectra - most of which have not been reported before. In addition, approximate extinction coefficients are provided for many radical ions.


Carbon-Centered Free Radicals and Radical Cations

Carbon-Centered Free Radicals and Radical Cations
Author: Malcolm D. Forbes
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 300
Release: 2010-01-22
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9780470584101

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Covers the most advanced computational and experimental methods for studying carbon-centered radical intermediates With its focus on the chemistry of carbon-centered radicals and radical cations, this book helps readers fully exploit the synthetic utility of these intermediates in order to prepare fine chemicals and pharmaceutical products. Moreover, it helps readers better understand their role in complex atmospheric reactions and biological systems. Thoroughly up to date, the book highlights the most advanced computational and experimental methods available for studying and using these critically important intermediates. Carbon-Centered Free Radicals and Radical Cations begins with a short history of the field of free radical chemistry, and then covers: A discussion of the relevant theory Mechanistic chemistry, with an emphasis on synthetic utility Molecular structure and mechanism, focusing on computational methods Spectroscopic investigations of radical structure and kinetics, including demonstrations of spin chemistry techniques such as CIDNP and magnetic field effects Free radical chemistry in macromolecules Each chapter, written by one or more leading experts, explains difficult concepts clearly and concisely, with references to facilitate further investigation of individual topics. The authors were selected in order to provide insight into a broad range of topics, including small molecule synthesis, polymer degradation, computational chemistry as well as highly detailed experimental work in the solid, liquid, and gaseous states. This volume is essential for students or researchers interested in building their understanding of the role of carbon-centered radical intermediates in complex systems and how they may be used to develop a broad range of useful products.


Organic Ion Radicals

Organic Ion Radicals
Author: Zory V. Todres
Publisher:
Total Pages: 464
Release: 2003
Genre: Electronic book
ISBN:

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Annotation Examining the formation, transformation, and application of ion radicals in typical conditions of organic synthesis, Organic Ion Radicals: Chemistry and Applications explains the reactions and principles of ion radical chemistry. The author addresses methods of determining ion- radical mechanisms and controlling ion radical reactions, issues relating to ecology and biology, and inorganic participants in ion radical organic reactions. Applications discussed include the roles of ion radicals in biological systems and their uses in optoelectronics, organic metals, and the manufacture of paper.


Free-Radical Chemistry

Free-Radical Chemistry
Author: D. C. Nonhebel
Publisher: CUP Archive
Total Pages: 620
Release: 1974-01-31
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9780521201490

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