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Chiral Quark Dynamics

Chiral Quark Dynamics
Author: Reinhard Alkofer
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 126
Release: 2008-12-04
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3540494545

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These notes give an introduction to the description of hadrons, i.e., mesons and baryons, within a quark model based on a chirally invariant quantum field theory. Emphasis is put on a didactic approach intended for graduate students with some background on functional integral techniques. Starting from QCD a motivation of a specific form of the effective quark interaction is given. Functional integral bosonization leads to a theory describing successfully meson properties. It possesses solitonic solutions which are identified as baryons. Via functional integral techniques a Faddeev equation for baryons describing them as bound states of a diquark and a quark is derived. Finally, a unification of these two complementary pictures of baryons is proposed.


Quark Confinement and the Hadron Spectrum III

Quark Confinement and the Hadron Spectrum III
Author: Nathan Isgur
Publisher: World Scientific
Total Pages: 384
Release: 2000
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9789810242367

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The confinement mechanism of the quarks in QCD is one of the most challenging and open problems in physics. Confinement is a nonperturbative phenomenon, and a definite way to handle it has not yet been found in field theory. There are lattice calculations that can produce the low-lying states of the spectrum and ?measure? many important physical quantities, but nevertheless the development of analytical techniques is of extreme importance for understanding the physics involved in confinement. In this respect it is important to test the results obtained directly from the theory (Bethe-Salpeter kernel, effective Hamiltonians, quark potential, etc.) on the spectrum, form factors and decays of bound states of quarks and gluons, and to relate them to the results of lattice theory.In this book, the question of the confinement mechanism is addressed; explanations in terms of monopoles, instantons and dyons are reviewed and the connection with duality is discussed.


From Current Algebra to Quantum Chromodynamics

From Current Algebra to Quantum Chromodynamics
Author: Tian Yu Cao
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2012-10-25
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9781107411395

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The advent of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) in the early 1970s was one of the most important events in twentieth-century science. This book examines the conceptual steps that were crucial to the rise of QCD, placing them in historical context against the background of debates that were ongoing between the bootstrap approach and composite modeling, and between mathematical and realistic conceptions of quarks. It explains the origins of QCD in current algebra and its development through high-energy experiments, model-building, mathematical analysis and conceptual synthesis. Addressing a range of complex physical, philosophical and historiographical issues in detail, this book will interest graduate students and researchers in physics and in the history and philosophy of science.


Quark Model and High Energy Collisions

Quark Model and High Energy Collisions
Author: Vladimir Vladislavovich Anisovich
Publisher: World Scientific
Total Pages: 547
Release: 2004
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9812386998

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This is an updated version of the book published in 1985. QCD-motivated, it gives a detailed description of hadron structure and soft interactions in the additive quark model, where hadrons are regarded as composite systems of dressed quarks.In the past decade it has become clear that nonperturbative QCD, responsible for soft hadronic processes, may differ rather drastically from perturbative QCD. The understanding of nonperturbative QCD requires a detailed investigation of the experiments and the theoretical approaches. Bearing this in mind, the book has been rewritten paying special attention to the interplay of soft hadronic collisions and the quark model. It is at the crossroads of these domains that peculiar features of strong QCD reveal themselves.The book discusses constituent quarks, diquarks, the massive effective gluons and the problem of scalar isoscalar mesons. The quark-gluonium classification of meson states is also given. Experimentally observed properties of hadrons are presented together with the corresponding theoretical interpretation in the framework of the composite hadron structure.The text includes a large theoretical part, which shows how to treat composite systems (including relativistic ones) with a technique based on spectral integration. This technique provides the possibility of handling hadrons as weakly bound systems of quarks and, at the same time, takes into account confinement.Attention is focused on the composite structure revealing itself in high energy hadron collisions. Fields of applicability of the additive quark model are discussed, as is colour screening in hadronic collisions at high and superhigh energies. Along with a detailed presentation of hadron-hadron collisions, a description of hadron-nucleus collisions is given.


Chiral Nuclear Dynamics

Chiral Nuclear Dynamics
Author: Maciej A. Nowak
Publisher: World Scientific
Total Pages: 560
Release: 1996
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9810210000

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The physics of strongly interacting many-body systems known as nuclear physics is a mature discipline which has achieved a remarkably quantitative success. It has explained with an impressive accuracy the properties of nuclei from the deuteron to heavy nuclei containing several hundreds of nucleons. This is the more remarkable when one realizes that in no way did the success depend on the existence of, or knowledge derived from, the fundamental theory of strong interactions now believed to be quantum chromodynamics (QCD).This monograph is a first, albeit embryonic, attempt to explain how a nucleus can be understood without invoking the explicit degrees of freedom of quarks and gluons while still staying within the basic premise of QCD and furthermore why do quark-gluon signatures not show up prominently in nuclear processes, including those processes involving short-distance encounters within nuclei. Such an understanding is largely based on the modern concepts of broken chiral symmetry and is believed to be essential in uncovering new physics expected to figure in the hadronic environment under extreme conditions of high temperature and/or high density.


Quark Model And High Energy Collisions, 2nd Edition

Quark Model And High Energy Collisions, 2nd Edition
Author: Vladimir Vladislavovich Anisovich
Publisher: World Scientific
Total Pages: 547
Release: 2004-03-15
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9814483583

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This is an updated version of the book published in 1985. QCD-motivated, it gives a detailed description of hadron structure and soft interactions in the additive quark model, where hadrons are regarded as composite systems of dressed quarks.In the past decade it has become clear that nonperturbative QCD, responsible for soft hadronic processes, may differ rather drastically from perturbative QCD. The understanding of nonperturbative QCD requires a detailed investigation of the experiments and the theoretical approaches. Bearing this in mind, the book has been rewritten paying special attention to the interplay of soft hadronic collisions and the quark model. It is at the crossroads of these domains that peculiar features of strong QCD reveal themselves.The book discusses constituent quarks, diquarks, the massive effective gluons and the problem of scalar isoscalar mesons. The quark-gluonium classification of meson states is also given. Experimentally observed properties of hadrons are presented together with the corresponding theoretical interpretation in the framework of the composite hadron structure.The text includes a large theoretical part, which shows how to treat composite systems (including relativistic ones) with a technique based on spectral integration. This technique provides the possibility of handling hadrons as weakly bound systems of quarks and, at the same time, takes into account confinement.Attention is focused on the composite structure revealing itself in high energy hadron collisions. Fields of applicability of the additive quark model are discussed, as is colour screening in hadronic collisions at high and superhigh energies. Along with a detailed presentation of hadron-hadron collisions, a description of hadron-nucleus collisions is given.


Quark Dynamics and Constituent Masses in Heavy Quark Systems

Quark Dynamics and Constituent Masses in Heavy Quark Systems
Author: Nicholas Souchlas
Publisher:
Total Pages: 152
Release: 2009
Genre: Quantum chromodynamics
ISBN:

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QCD is considered as the theory for the description of strong interaction between quark and gluons. Due to the nature of the gauge field, perturbative techniques cannot be applied to study long distance physics where some of the most important phenomena, like Dynamical Chiral Symmetry Breaking (DCSB) and quark and gluon confinement is realized. QCD's Dyson-Schwinger equations (DSE) framework and the Maris-Tandy effective kernel, containing phenomenology at large distance, have been successfully used to study light quark meson properties. Our goal here is to extend its use and study heavy quark mesons via calculated masses and electroweak decay constants. Differences in light-heavy and heavy-heavy quark systems are investigated. We explore the role of the infrared part of the effective kernel with increasing quark mass. Deviations from a constituent-like behavior for the heavy quark propagator were investigated within this framework. Some of these results might be related to Brodsky and Shrock's suggestion of a universal maximum wavelength of quarks and gluons in hadrons.


The Quark Structure of Matter

The Quark Structure of Matter
Author: Maurice Jacob
Publisher: World Scientific
Total Pages: 410
Release: 1992-11-01
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9789810236878

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Understanding the quark structure of matter has been one of the most important advances in contemporary physics. It has unravelled a new and deeper level of structure in matter, and physics at that level reveals a unity and aesthetic simplicity never before attained. All forces emerge from a unique invariance principle and each of the basic interactions results from a specific symmetry property. Quarks interact among themselves through their ?colour?, as now accurately described by quantum chromodynamics.This volume brings together eight major review articles by Maurice Jacob, a physicist at the forefront of research on the quark structure of matter. He has, in particular, been involved with two research topics in this field. The first is the study of hadronic jets, which one actually sees instead of quarks, because of the opacity of the vacuum to colour. The second is the search for quark matter, a new form of matter believed to exist at high temperatures, when the vacuum should become transparent to colour.The papers in this volume provide a comprehensive review of these phenomenological studies on the quark structure of matter, and also a fasinating insight into the pace of recent progress in these areas. The book comes complete with an original introduction by the author, and also contains a pedagogical review on what is a most engrossing and rewarding field of research in physics.


Hadrons and Quark–Gluon Plasma

Hadrons and Quark–Gluon Plasma
Author: Jean Letessier
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 415
Release: 2023-01-31
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1009290703

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This 2002 monograph, now reissued as OA, explores the primordial state of hadronic matter called quark-gluon plasma.


Quark-gluon Plasma and Heavy Ion Collisions

Quark-gluon Plasma and Heavy Ion Collisions
Author: Marzia Nardi
Publisher: World Scientific
Total Pages: 332
Release: 2002
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9789812381743

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This book offers the unique possibility of tackling the problem of hadronic deconfinement from different perspectives. After general introductions to the physical issues, from both the theoretical and the experimental point of view, the book presents the most recent expertise on field theory approaches to the QCD phase diagram, many-body techniques and applications, the dynamics of phase transitions, and phenomenological analysis of relativistic heavy ion collisions. One of the major goals of this book is to promote interchange among those fields of research, which have traditionally been cultivated by different communities of physicists. The contributions in the book help in obtaining deep comprehension of this new state of matter, a system of deconfined quarks and gluons. At the same time the book offers a few examples of how the seeds of the deconfined state are looked for in the phenomenological analysis of the observables measured in relativistic heavy ion collisions. The main topics are dealt with in a pedagogical style, suitable for beginners as well as experienced researchers.