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| Author | : Kin-Lun Ngan |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2017-01-26 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9781361030684 |
Download Publicly-Funded Private Supplementary Tutoring Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This dissertation, "Publicly-funded Private Supplementary Tutoring: a Multiple-case Study of Hong Kong's After-school Learning Support Partnership Pilot Scheme" by Kin-lun, Ngan, 顏健麟, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Private tutoring for primary and secondary students has always operated in a fee-charging mode. In order to allow students from low-income families to enjoy the potential benefit of private tutoring, the Hong Kong SAR government launched the "After School Learning Support Partnership Pilot Scheme" in 2011. The nature of tutoring is always dependent on the context. The Pilot Scheme created a new context for tutoring activity in Hong Kong. The government funded local primary schools to employ pre-service teachers as tutors. The tutors were employed to work under the authority of the schools, who held control over curriculum design and the administration of tutorial classes. This study compares the experience of eight tutors through the use of a questionnaire and interview. It was found that there were two major types of after-school classes in the Pilot Scheme -focused on either subject teaching or homework guidance. A tutor may had different roles in different classes, and these were mainly shaped by schools' arrangements and student factors. This study examines that the power relations among schools and tutors were not simply a matter of oppressor and oppressed. The relationship of power involved a series of strategies and factors. Overall, this study provided insight on the operation of this publicly-funded after-school program. Subjects: Tutors and tutoring - China - Hong Kong
| Author | : Mark Bray |
| Publisher | : Asian Development Bank |
| Total Pages | : 152 |
| Release | : 2012-05-01 |
| Genre | : Education |
| ISBN | : 9290926597 |
Download Shadow Education Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
In all parts of Asia, households devote considerable expenditures to private supplementary tutoring. This tutoring may contribute to students' achievement, but it also maintains and exacerbates social inequalities, diverts resources from other uses, and can contribute to inefficiencies in education systems. Such tutoring is widely called shadow education, because it mimics school systems. As the curriculum in the school system changes, so does the shadow. This study documents the scale and nature of shadow education in different parts of the region. Shadow education has been a major phenomenon in East Asia and it has far-reaching economic and social implications.
| Author | : Mark Bray |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 84 |
| Release | : 2003 |
| Genre | : Domestic education |
| ISBN | : 9789280312409 |
Download Adverse Effects of Private Supplementary Tutoring Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Analyzes government responses to private tutoring, with references to the cases of Mauritius, Hong Kong, Singapore, Taiwan, and the Republic of Korea.
| Author | : 顏健麟 |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 103 |
| Release | : 2015 |
| Genre | : Tutors and tutoring |
| ISBN | : |
Download Publicly-funded Private Supplementary Tutoring Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
| Author | : Mark Bray |
| Publisher | : Hong Kong University Press |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2014 |
| Genre | : Education and state |
| ISBN | : 9789881785299 |
Download Regulating Private Tutoring for Public Good Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Recent years have brought global expansion of private supplementary tutoring alongside regular school systems. This expansion has far-reaching implications for the nurturing of new generations, for social and economic development, and for the operation of school systems. Some dimensions are positive while other dimensions are problematic. Supplementary tutoring is especially visible in Asia. The formats of tutoring range from one-to-one provision to large classes. Some tutoring is provided by teachers and by specialist companies, while other tutoring is provided informally by university students and others. Using a comparative lens, this book examines possible government responses to the expansion of private supplementary tutoring. In general, the book suggests, the sector should be given more attention. The work shows wide diversity in the regulations introduced by governments in the Asian region. It notes not only that these governments can learn much from each other, but also that policy makers in other parts of the world can usefully look at patterns in Asia. The book also stresses the value of partnerships between governments, tutoring providers, schools, teachers' unions, and other bodies.
| Author | : Mark Bray |
| Publisher | : United Nations Educational, Scientific & Cultural Organization |
| Total Pages | : 144 |
| Release | : 2009 |
| Genre | : Education |
| ISBN | : |
Download Confronting the Shadow Education System Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This book focuses on the so-called shadow education system of private supplementary tutoring. In parts of East Asia it has long existed on a large scale and it is now becoming increasingly evident in other parts of Asia and in Africa, Europe and North America. Pupils commonly receive fee-free education in public schools and then at the end of the day and/or during week-ends and vacations supplementary tutoring in the same subjects on a fee-paying basis.Supplementary private tutoring can have positive dimensions. It helps students to cover the curriculum, provides a structured occupation for pupils outside school hours, and provides incomes for the tutors. However, tutoring may also have negative dimensions. If left to market forces, tutoring is likely to maintain and increase social inequalities, and it can create excessive pressure for young people who have inadequate time for non-academic activities. Especially problematic are situations in which school teachers provide extra tutoring in exchange for fees from their regular pupils.This book begins by surveying the scale, nature and implications of the shadow education system in a range of settings. It then identifies possible government responses to the phenomenon and encourages a proactive approach to designing appropriate policies.
| Author | : Mark Bray |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 297 |
| Release | : 2016-03-01 |
| Genre | : Education |
| ISBN | : 3319300423 |
Download Researching Private Supplementary Tutoring Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Private supplementary tutoring, widely known as shadow education because of the way that it mimics mainstream schooling, has greatly expanded worldwide. It consumes considerable family resources, provides employment for tutors, occupies the time of students, and has a backwash on regular schools. Although such tutoring has become a major industry and a daily activity for students, tutors and families, the research literature has been slow to catch up with the phenomenon. The topic is in some respects difficult to research, precisely because it is shadowy. Contours are indistinct, and the actors may hesitate to share their experiences and perspectives. Presenting methodological lessons from diverse cultures, the book contains chapters from both high-income and low-income settings in Asia, Caribbean, Europe and the Middle East. Separately and together, the chapters present valuable insights into the design and conduct of research. The book will assist both consumers and producers of research. Consumers will become better judges of the strengths, weaknesses and orientations of literature on the theme; and producers will gain insights for design of instruments, collection of data, and interpretation of findings. The editors: Mark Bray is UNESCO Chair Professor in Comparative Education at the University of Hong Kong. Ora Kwo is an Associate Professor in the Comparative Education Research Centre at the University of Hong Kong. Boris Jokić is a Scientific Associate in the Centre for Educational Research and Development at the Institute for Social Research in Zagreb, Croatia.
| Author | : Mark Bray |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 221 |
| Release | : 2013-09-03 |
| Genre | : Education |
| ISBN | : 9462092370 |
Download Private Tutoring Across the Mediterranean Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Private tutoring—supplementary, out-of-school instruction offered at a fee to individuals or groups—represents a substantial household expenditure, even in systems that claim to have free public education. It plays out across, alongside, and even within some school systems. Emerging as a ‘shadow education’, private tutoring now operates as a system and industry crossing national, regional, and social-class boundaries. Private tutoring is provided through different modes of delivery including the internet. Policy makers, parents, teachers, trade unions, corporations, community associations, and students are implicated in the private tutoring industry. The debates over private tutoring are therefore part of the larger struggles over the ends of education in just and equitable societies. The authors in this volume address diverse national settings of private tutoring across the Mediterranean, and examine its political, economic, social, and cultural underpinnings. They draw on a range of conceptual frameworks, and deploy a variety of research methods to problematize the multifaceted relationships between tutoring, learning, and equity. The volume captures a multiplicity of voices, and focuses on some of the central challenges facing education in pluralistic societies
| Author | : Iveta Silova |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 353 |
| Release | : 2006 |
| Genre | : Education |
| ISBN | : 9781891385636 |
Download Education in a hidden marketplace Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
| Total Pages | : 42 |
| Release | : |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Download How to Interpret the Growing Phenomenon of Private Tutoring: Human Captial Deepening, Inequality Increasing, or Waste of Resources? Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
