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The Reasons for Studying Foreign Languages in Albania

The Reasons for Studying Foreign Languages in Albania
Author: Diana Skrapari
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
Total Pages: 120
Release: 2015-10-15
Genre:
ISBN: 9783659793752

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The study of foreign languages is important in a globalized world. The study of foreign languages in Albania depends on the political, economic and diplomatic context of the country. When Albania was a communist country, Russian was the most spoken language in the country because the Soviet Union was the dominant country in the Eastern European communist bloc. After the fall of communism, Russian lost its influence and was replaced by English. The linguistic policy of the Albanian Government is influenced by the European Linguistic policy, as a kind of supranational policy. But, the study of languages depends also on personal reasons like to study, work and live abroad, travel and many other subjective reasons. Anyway, the study of foreign languages is interesting because it connects us to other cultures and people.


The Modernization of Public Education in the Ottoman Empire, 1839-1908

The Modernization of Public Education in the Ottoman Empire, 1839-1908
Author: Selçuk Akşin Somel
Publisher: BRILL
Total Pages: 436
Release: 2001
Genre: Education
ISBN: 9789004119031

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This first comprehensive study on Ottoman educational reform is based on archival material and providing new information on curricular policies applied in the provinces and toward different ethnic groups.


The Modernization of Public Education in the Ottoman Empire 1839-1908

The Modernization of Public Education in the Ottoman Empire 1839-1908
Author: Selçuk Aksin Somel
Publisher: BRILL
Total Pages: 434
Release: 2021-12-28
Genre: History
ISBN: 9004492313

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The aim of the Ottoman educational reforms was to raise a class of educated bureaucrats as a means of administrative centralization, and a design to inculcate authoritarian and religious values among the population for the legitimization of state authority. This study, which deals with the modernization of Ottoman public education during the period of reform, is based on sources such as Ottoman archives, published documents, textbooks, and memoirs. It discusses the main factors that led to Ottoman educational reforms. The topics in this volume include the expansion of provincial education, financial policies, curricular issues, the educational ideology of the Tanzimat (1839-1876) and the Hamidian periods (1878-1908), ethnic groups in the Balkans, Anatolia and Arabia, and the process of socialization. The book particularly addresses those readers interested in the educational, social and administrative history of the late Ottoman period.


Democratization and Ethnic Minorities

Democratization and Ethnic Minorities
Author: Jacques Bertrand
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 240
Release: 2013-10-23
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1134693095

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Many new democracies are characterized by majority dominance and ethnocentrism. Varying paths or transitions toward democracy create very different outcomes for how ethnic identities, communities and politics are recognized. This book illustrates the varied consequences of democratization, from ethnic violence, new forms of accommodation to improve minorities’ status, or sometimes only minor improvements to life for ethnic minorities. The book treads a nuanced path between conflicting myths of democratization, illustrating that there are a variety of outcomes ranging from violence or stability, to the extension of rights, representation, and new resources for ethnic minorities. Contributors discuss the complex mechanisms that determine the impact of democratization of ethnic minorities through five factors; inherited legacies from the pre-transition period, institutional configurations, elite strategies, societal organization and international influences. Global in scope, this book features a broad range of case studies, both country specific and regional, including chapters on Nigeria, Kenya, Turkey and Taiwan, Eastern Europe, the former Soviet Union, Southeast and East Asia. This book provides new insights and makes at important contribution to existing debates. Democratization and Ethnic Minorities will be essential reading for students and scholars of democratization, nationalism, ethnic conflict and ethnic politics, political science, history, and sociology.


Migrating and Settling in a Mobile World

Migrating and Settling in a Mobile World
Author: Zana Vathi
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 224
Release: 2015-05-18
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 3319130242

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This open access book draws on award-winning cross-generational research comparing the complex and life-changing processes of settlement among Albanian migrants and their adolescent children in three European cities: London (UK), Thessaloniki (Greece), and Florence (Italy). Building on key concepts from the social sciences and migration studies, such as identity, integration and transnationalism, the author links these with emerging theoretical notions, such as mobility, translocality and cosmopolitanism. Ethnic identities, transnational ties and integration pathways of the youngsters and adults are compared, focusing on intergenerational transmission in particular and recognizing mobility as an inherent characteristic of contemporary lives. Departing from the traditional focus on the adult children of settled migrants and the main immigration countries of continental North-Western Europe, this study centres on Southern Europe and Great Britain and a very recently settled immigrant group. The result is an illuminating early look at a second generation “in-the-making”. Indeed, the findings provide ample grounds for pragmatic and forward-looking policy to enable these migrant-origin youngsters, and others like them, to more fully attain their potential. The book ends with a call to reassess the term “second generation” as it is currently used in policy and scholarly works. Children of migrants seldom see themselves as a particular and homogeneous group with ethnicity as an intrinsic identifying quality. More importantly, they make use of all the limited resources at their disposal, and view their integration processes through broader geographies – showing sometimes a cosmopolitan orientation, but also using localized reference points, such as the school, city, or urban neighbourhood.


Ethnic Conflict

Ethnic Conflict
Author: Karl Cordell
Publisher: Polity
Total Pages: 241
Release: 2009
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 0745639305

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"Investigating the causes and consequences of ethnic conflict, the authors argue that the most effective responses are those that take into account factors at the local, state, regional and global level and that avoid seeking simplistic explanations and solutions to what is a truly complex phenomenon." "Ethnic conflicts are man-made, not natural disasters, and as such they can be understood, prevented and settled. However, it takes skilful, committed and principled leaders to achieve durable settlements that are supported by their followers, and it takes the long-term commitment of the international community to enable and sustain such settlements." --Book Jacket.


Journal of Public Policy

Journal of Public Policy
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 392
Release: 2003
Genre: Electronic journals
ISBN:

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Ethnic Politics in Eastern Europe: A Guide to Nationality Policies, Organizations and Parties

Ethnic Politics in Eastern Europe: A Guide to Nationality Policies, Organizations and Parties
Author: Janusz Bugajski
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 566
Release: 2016-09-16
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1315287439

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This guide charts national histories and policies, relevant statistics and chronologies, and the identities, programmes, and activities of the full spectrum of ethnically-based parties and organizations in Central and Eastern Europe.