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Preferences, Information, and Group Decision Making

Preferences, Information, and Group Decision Making
Author: Alejandro Espinoza
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2010
Genre:
ISBN:
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This study will examine how the structure of preferences of group members in a decision-making group, as well as the information they have, affects the collection and the processing of information by individual members of a decision making group. Structure of preferences in this study will represent each individual group members' preference towards a particular course of action. Using an experimental method of analysis, this study will examine how the preference structure of a group affects what and how much information a group member will analyze before making a decision. I hypothesize that the structure of the group members' preferences should affect the subjects' search and process of information. This study aims to answer the following questions; do group preferences affect the search and processing of information? Do group members thoroughly survey the objectives and alternatives in the decision making process?

Multiperson Decision Making Models Using Fuzzy Sets and Possibility Theory

Multiperson Decision Making Models Using Fuzzy Sets and Possibility Theory
Author: J. Kacprzyk
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 349
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9400921098
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Decision making is certainly a very crucial component of many human activities. It is, therefore, not surprising that models of decisions play a very important role not only in decision theory but also in areas such as operations Research, Management science, social Psychology etc . . The basic model of a decision in classical normative decision theory has very little in common with real decision making: It portrays a decision as a clear-cut act of choice, performed by one individual decision maker and in which states of nature, possible actions, results and preferences are well and crisply defined. The only compo nent in which uncertainty is permitted is the occurence of the different states of nature, for which probabilistic descriptions are allowed. These probabilities are generally assumed to be known numerically, i. e. as single probabili ties or as probability distribution functions. Extensions of this basic model can primarily be conceived in three directions: 1. Rather than a single decision maker there are several decision makers involved. This has lead to the areas of game theory, team theory and group decision theory. 2. The preference or utility function is not single valued but rather vector valued. This extension is considered in multiattribute utility theory and in multicritieria analysis. 3.

Collective Preference and Choice

Collective Preference and Choice
Author: Shmuel Nitzan
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 275
Release: 2010
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0521897254
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A study of the classical aggregation problems that arise in social choice theory, voting theory, and group decision-making under uncertainty.

Preferences and Decisions

Preferences and Decisions
Author: Salvatore Greco
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 420
Release: 2010-10-05
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 3642159753
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Decision making is an omnipresent, most crucial activity of the human being, and also of virtually all artificial broadly perceived “intelligent” systems that try to mimic human behavior, reasoning and choice processes. It is quite obvious that such a relevance of decision making had triggered vast research effort on its very essence, and attempts to develop tools and techniques which would make it possible to somehow mimic human decision making related acts, even to automate decision making processes that had been so far reserved for the human beings. The roots of those attempts at a scientific analysis can be traced to the ancient times but – clearly – they have gained momentum in the recent 50 or 100 years following a general boom in science. Depending on the field of science, decision making can be viewed in different ways. The most general view can be that decision making boils down to some cognitive, mental process(es) that lead to the selection of an option or a course of action among several alternatives. Then, looking in a deeper way, from a psychological perspective this process proceeds in the context of a set of needs, preferences, rational choice of an individual, a group of individuals, or even an organization. From a cognitive perspective, the decision making process proceeds in the context of various interactions with the environment.

Theory and Approaches of Unascertained Group Decision-Making

Theory and Approaches of Unascertained Group Decision-Making
Author: Jianjun Zhu
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 260
Release: 2012-07-23
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1466575980
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Tackling the question of how to effectively aggregate uncertain preference information in multiple structures given by decision-making groups, Theory and Approaches of Unascertained Group Decision-Making focuses on group aggregation methods based on uncertainty preference information. It expresses the complexity existing in each group decision-maki

Theory and Approaches of Unascertained Group Decision-Making

Theory and Approaches of Unascertained Group Decision-Making
Author: Jianjun Zhu
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 258
Release: 2012-07-23
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1420087517
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Tackling the question of how to effectively aggregate uncertain preference information in multiple structures given by decision-making groups, Theory and Approaches of Unascertained Group Decision-Making focuses on group aggregation methods based on uncertainty preference information. It expresses the complexity existing in each group decision-maki

Consensus-Oriented Decision-Making

Consensus-Oriented Decision-Making
Author: Tim Hartnett
Publisher: New Society Publishers
Total Pages: 193
Release: 2011-04-01
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1550924818
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A step-by-step guide to the most efficient and effective method for participatory group decision-making Are you frustrated by that common challenge called group decision-making? Consensus-Oriented Decision-Making can help! Clearly written and well organized, keep this book by your side and refer to it often. Groups you are part of will function better as a result. -- Peggy Holman, author, Engaging Emergence: Turning Upheaval into Opportunity For any group or organization to function effectively, it must be able to make decisions well. Consensus-Oriented Decision-Making is the first book to offer groups (and group facilitators) a clear and efficient path to generating widespread agreement while fostering full participation and true collaboration. Poised to become the new standard for group facilitation, Consensus-Oriented Decision-Making combines: Deep insight into complex group dynamics Effective conflict resolution techniques Powerful communication skills Groups using this simple, step-by-step approach experience increased cohesion and commitment and stronger relationships as a result of their successful cooperation. Incorporating the principles of collaboration, inclusion, empathy, and open-mindedness, the consensus-oriented decision-making (CODM) process encourages shared ownership of group decisions. The method can be used in any group situation, regardless of whether the final decision-making power rests with a single person or team, a vote of members, or unanimity. Business, government, nonprofit, social, and community organizations can all benefit from Consensus-Oriented Decision-Making . Whether you are a designated facilitator or an active participant, understanding this powerful framework will help you contribute to the success of your group through achieving maximum participation and efficiency, a clearer decision-making process, better decisions, and improved group dynamics. Tim Hartnett, PhD, is a group facilitator and mediator who blends extensive knowledge of non-violent communication with insightful understanding of group dynamics and effective techniques for conflict resolution.

Communication and Group Decision Making

Communication and Group Decision Making
Author: Randy Y. Hirokawa
Publisher: SAGE
Total Pages: 502
Release: 1996-07-09
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 9780761904625
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Communication and Group Decision-Making takes stock of recent group communication research - with an explicit focus on communication processes. This book is recommended for academics, professionals and researchers in communication and organization

Advances in Environmental Psychology (Volume 5)

Advances in Environmental Psychology (Volume 5)
Author: Andrew Baum
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 248
Release: 2020-09-10
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 1000089754
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The development of a field or an area of inquiry is often marked by changes in measurement techniques, shifts in analytic emphasis, and disputes over the best ways of doing research. In many areas of psychology, a number of issues have characterized methodological evolution of the discipline, including questions regarding context and reductionism, or laboratory versus field research. For some of the newer areas in psychology, such as environment or health psychology, this is not an issue of either/or. Although there has been some debate about these trade-offs, it is generally regarded by people in this field that some combination of the two approaches is essential. Depending on the question being studied this balance may change. However, the questions asked are less likely to inquire ‘which way is better’ and concentrate on how both may be used. This observation serves to illustrate the fact that different research endeavours have different methodological issues. Originally published in 1985, this volume explores some of the issues characterizing work on health, environment, and behavior.