Poland's Economic and Trade Policy in 1990
Author | : Janusz Piotrowski |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 22 |
Release | : 1990 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
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Author | : Janusz Piotrowski |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 22 |
Release | : 1990 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Dani Rodrik |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 72 |
Release | : 1992 |
Genre | : Europe, Eastern |
ISBN | : |
By the end of 1991, Czechoslovakia, Hungary and Poland have achieved a substantial degree of openness to foreign trade. In all three countries, trade is now de-monopolized and licensing and quotas playa very small role. Exchange controls have virtually disappeared for current-account transactions. Judging by partner statistics, export performance has been impressive in all three countries, and import booms are under way in at least Hungary and Poland as well. However, there is no evidence that exporters have had any success in finding Western markets for the exports they have lost in Eastern markets. The collapse of the CMEA represents a significant shock, amounting to a loss of real income of 3 1/2 percent of GDP in Poland and 7-8 percent of GDP in Hungary and Czechoslovakia. Export performance is attributable to exchange-rate policy in part, but the collapse of domestic demand has possibly played an even more important role. Finally, trade liberalization so far appears to have had little effect on price discipline, in large part because of the substantial devaluations that have accompanied it.
Author | : United States. Office of the U.S. Trade Representative |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 104 |
Release | : 1990 |
Genre | : United States |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Ben Slay |
Publisher | : Princeton University Press |
Total Pages | : 246 |
Release | : 2014-07-14 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1400863732 |
In 1989, Poland became the first Eastern Bloc country to shake off the dominance of its ruling Communist party. Although other post-Communist countries have since followed suit, Poland's experience has been unique in its move to Westernize. In this timely and insightful account, Ben Slay provides the first integrated, comprehensive assessment of Poland's economic transformation from central planning to a market system, and the political and sociological factors that have contributed to it. Drawing on the work of Western and Polish scholars as well as his own research, Slay traces the evolution of the Polish transformation from its historical roots in People's Poland and predicts potential problems and successes facing the Polish economy. A ground-breaking addition to the emerging study of post- Communist political economies, The Polish Economy demonstrates that other countries now struggling to join the West have much to learn from Poland's example. Of interest to scholars across the social sciences, this work provides general as well as professional readers with a compelling account of the realities behind one of the most important events of our time--the collapse of the Eastern Bloc. Originally published in 1994. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
Author | : Olivier Jean Blanchard |
Publisher | : University of Chicago Press |
Total Pages | : 288 |
Release | : 2008-04-15 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 0226056813 |
When communism fell in 1989, the question for most Eastern European countries was not whether to go to a market economy, but how to get there. Several years later, the difficult process of privatization and restructuring continues to concern the countries of the region. The Transition in Eastern Europe, Volumes 1 and 2 is an analysis of the experiences of various countries making the transition to market economies and examines the most important challenges still in store. Volume 1, Country Studies, gives an in-depth, country-by-country analysis of various reform experiences, including historical backgrounds and discussions of policies and results to date. The countries analyzed are Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, eastern Germany, Slovenia, and Russia. Written by leading economists, some of whom helped shape local and national reforms, this volume identifies common progress, common difficulties, and tentative solutions to the problems of economic transition. Volume 2, Restructuring, focuses on specific issues of transition, including how to design labor market institutions, privatization, new fiscal structures, and bankruptcy laws; how to reorganize foreign trade; and how to promote foreign direct investment. The articles, written by experts in the field, will be of direct help to those involved in the transition process. These volumes provide a standard reference on economic transition in the region for policymakers in Eastern Europe and in western countries, for international agencies concerned with the transition process, and for anyone interested in learning about the dramatic changes that have recently occurred in Eastern Europe.
Author | : Marcin Piatkowski |
Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
Total Pages | : 397 |
Release | : 2018 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 0198789343 |
What makes countries rich? What makes countries poor? Europe's Growth Champion: Insights from the Economic Rise of Poland seeks to answer these questions, and many more, through a study of one of the biggest, and least heard about, economic success stories. Over the last twenty-five years Poland has transitioned from a perennially backward, poor, and peripheral country to unexpectedly join the ranks of the world's high income countries. Europe's Growth Champion is about the lessons learned from Poland's remarkable experience, the conditions that keep countries poor, and the challenges that countries need to face in order to grow. It defines a new growth model that Poland and its Eastern European peers need to adopt to grow and catch up with their Western counterparts. Poland's economic rise emphasizes the importance of the fundamental sources of growth- institutions, culture, ideas, and leaders- in economic development. It demonstrates that a shift from an extractive society, where the few rule for the benefit of the few, to an inclusive society, where many rule for the benefit of many, can be the key to economic success. *IEurope's Growth Champion asserts that a newly emerged inclusive society will support further convergence of Poland and the rest of Central and Eastern Europe with the West, and help to sustain the region's Golden Age. It also acknowledges the future challenges that Poland faces, and that moving to the core of the European economy will require further reforms and changes in Poland's developmental character.
Author | : Roman Frydman |
Publisher | : Central European University Press |
Total Pages | : 239 |
Release | : 1994-01-01 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 9633864917 |
In Eastern Europe privatization is now a mass phenomenon. The authors propose a model of it by means of an illustration from the example of Poland, which envisages the free provision of shares in formerly public undertakings to employees and consumers, and the provision of corporate finance from foreign intermediaries. One danger that emerges is that of bureaucratization. On the broader canvas, mass privatization implies the reform of the whole system, the creation of a suitable economic infrastructure for a market economy and the institutions of corporate governance. The authors point out the need for a delicate balance between evolution - which may be too slow - and design - which brings the risk of more government involvement than it is able to manage. A chapter originating as a European Bank working paper explores the banking implications of setting up a totally new financial sector with interlocking classes of assets. The economic effects merge into politics as the role of the state is investigated. Teachers and graduate students of public/private sector economies, East European affairs; advisers to bankers or commercial companies with Eastern European interests.
Author | : United States. Office of the U.S. Trade Representative |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 124 |
Release | : 1994 |
Genre | : Foreign trade regulation |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Romain Wacziarg |
Publisher | : Edward Elgar Publishing |
Total Pages | : 0 |
Release | : 2018 |
Genre | : Free trade |
ISBN | : 9781788111492 |
This compelling two-volume collection presents the major literary contributions to the economic analysis of the consequences of trade liberalization on growth, productivity, labor market outcomes and economic inequality. Examining the classical theories that stress gains from trade stemming from comparative advantage, the selection also comprises more recent theories of imperfect competition, where any potential gains from trade can stem from competitive effects or the international transmission of knowledge. Empirical contributions provide evidence regarding the explanatory power of these various theories, including work on the effects of trade openness on economic growth, wages, and income inequality, as well as evidence on the effects of trade on firm productivity, entry and exit. Prefaced by an original introduction from the editor, the collection will to be an invaluable research resource for academics, practitioners and those drawn to this fascinating topic.
Author | : William R. Cline |
Publisher | : MIT Press |
Total Pages | : 290 |
Release | : 1994 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 9780262032216 |
These eight lectures by noted economist William Cline provide a clear and concise account of some of the most important macroeconomic issues facing the world economy. Designed for the nonspecialist but a source of fresh insight for the specialist as well, the lectures synthesize the major trends in international economic policy for the 1990s. Major themes include domestic and international economic stagnation, adjustment to external imbalances, trade policy (including case studies of Japan and NAFTA), the debt crisis, reform in former communist states, the economic future of Europe, and environmental policy. Cline, who has made important contributions to the topics addressed, reviews the forces that have contributed to policy problems and then evaluates the prospects for resolution. He shows how an understanding of economics can help break down many policy problems into simple fundamentals, and how empirical evidence is the acid test of any policy theory. Cline's coverage of many of today's "hot" public policy issues is unique both in its accessibility and in its broadbrush approach to a set of concerns of immediate interest to economists, policymakers, and others concerned with international economic policy.