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PI3K and AKT Isoforms in Immunity

PI3K and AKT Isoforms in Immunity
Author: Margarita Dominguez-Villar
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 462
Release: 2022-10-15
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 3031065662

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This book provides an essential overview of the role of phosphoinositide-3-phosphate kinase (PI3K) isoforms in modulating the function of immune system cells and their involvement in disease. PI3K is a family of kinases involved in basic cellular processes such as proliferation, migration and cell death. Recent work has highlighted the multiple roles of PI3K classes and subunits and their involvement in the immune response to the body’s own and foreign antigens and diseases such as cancer and autoimmunity. This book offers a detailed introduction to the biology of the three PI3K classes, followed by an extensive discussion of the diverse roles of AKT and PI3K isoforms in immune cells. Based on this knowledge, it subsequently explains in more detail how specific isoforms are connected to immune-mediated diseases. The book concludes by highlighting the latest advances in the production of isoform-specific inhibitors and their use in various human diseases. This book is intended as a reference guide for students and researchers interested in the multifaceted aspects of PI3K biology.


PI3K signalling

PI3K signalling
Author: Klaus Okkenhaug
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Total Pages: 140
Release: 2015-03-05
Genre: Immunologic diseases. Allergy
ISBN: 2889194191

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The PI3Ks control many key functions in immune cells. PI3Ks phosphorylate PtdIns(4,5)P2 to yield PtdIns(3,4,5)P3. Initially, PI3K inhibitors such as Wortmannin, LY294002 and Rapamycin were used to establish a central role for Pi3K pathway in immune cells. Considerable progress in understanding the role of this pathway in cells of the immune system has been made in recent years, starting with analysis of various PI3K and Pten knockout mice and subsequently mTOR and Foxo knockout mice. Together, these experiments have revealed how PI3Ks control B cell and T cell development, T helper cell differentiation, regulatory T cell development and function, B cell and T cell trafficking, immunoglobulin class switching and much, much more. The PI3Kd inhibitor idelalisib has recently been approved for the treatment of B cell lymphoma. Clinical trials of other PI3K inhibitors in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases are also in progress. This is an opportune time to consider a Research Topic considering when what we have learned about the PI3K signalling module in lymphocyte biology and how this is making an impact on clinical immunology and haematology.


Protein Kinase-mediated Decisions Between Life and Death

Protein Kinase-mediated Decisions Between Life and Death
Author: Ayse Basak Engin
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 415
Release: 2021-02-04
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 3030498441

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Protein phosphorylation via protein kinases is an inevitable process that alters physiological and pathological functions of the cells. Thus, protein kinases play key roles in the regulation of cell life or death decisions. Protein kinases are frequently a driving factor in a variety of human diseases including aging and cellular senescence, immune system and endothelial dysfunctions, cancers, insulin resistance, cholestasis and neurodegenerative diseases, as well as bacterial resistance in persistent infections. Recent developments in quantitative proteomics provide important opinions on kinase inhibitor selectivity and their modes of action in the biological context. Protein Kinase-mediated Decisions Between Life and Death aims to have the reader catch insights about up-to-date opinions on “Protein Kinases” related pathways that threaten human health and life. As “Protein Kinases” are related to many health problems, clinicians, basic science researchers and students need this information. Chapter “Signal Transduction in Immune Cells and Protein Kinases” is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.


Autophagy: Cancer, Other Pathologies, Inflammation, Immunity, Infection, and Aging

Autophagy: Cancer, Other Pathologies, Inflammation, Immunity, Infection, and Aging
Author: M. A. Hayat
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 430
Release: 2016-12-28
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0128094273

Download Autophagy: Cancer, Other Pathologies, Inflammation, Immunity, Infection, and Aging Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle

Autophagy: Cancer, Other Pathologies, Inflammation, Immunity, Infection, and Aging is an eleven volume series that discusses in detail all aspects of autophagy machinery in the context of health, cancer, and other pathologies. Autophagy maintains homeostasis during starvation or stress conditions by balancing the synthesis of cellular components and their deregulation by autophagy. This series discusses the characterization of autophagosome-enriched vaccines and its efficacy in cancer immunotherapy. Autophagy serves to maintain healthy cells, tissues, and organs, but also promotes cancer survival and growth of established tumors. Impaired or deregulated autophagy can also contribute to disease pathogenesis. Understanding the importance and necessity of the role of autophagy in health and disease is vital for the studies of cancer, aging, neurodegeneration, immunology, and infectious diseases. Comprehensive and forward-thinking, these books offer a valuable guide to cellular processes while also inciting researchers to explore their potentially important connections. Presents the most advanced information regarding the role of the autophagic system in life and death Examines whether autophagy acts fundamentally as a cell survivor or cell death pathway or both Introduces new, more effective therapeutic strategies in the development of targeted drugs and programmed cell death, providing information that will aid in preventing detrimental inflammation Features recent advancements in the molecular mechanisms underlying a large number of genetic and epigenetic diseases and abnormalities, including atherosclerosis and CNS tumors, and their development and treatment Includes chapters authored by leaders in the field around the globe—the broadest, most expert coverage available


Role of Metabolism in Regulating Immune Cell Fate Decisions

Role of Metabolism in Regulating Immune Cell Fate Decisions
Author: Anna Ohradanova-Repic
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Total Pages: 224
Release: 2020-05-26
Genre:
ISBN: 2889637212

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We acknowledge the initiation and support of this Research Topic by the International Union of Immunological Societies (IUIS). We hereby state publicly that the IUIS has had no editorial input in articles included in this Research Topic, thus ensuring that all aspects of this Research Topic are evaluated objectively, unbiased by any specific policy or opinion of the IUIS.


Blood Glucose Levels

Blood Glucose Levels
Author: Leszek Szablewski
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Total Pages: 140
Release: 2020-01-08
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 178985525X

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The main source of energy for the body is glucose. Its low blood concentrations can cause seizures, loss of consciousness and death. Long lasting high glucose levels can cause blindness, renal failure, cardiac and peripheral vascular disease, and neuropathy. Blood glucose concentrations need to be maintained within narrow limits. The process of maintaining blood glucose at a steady state is called glucose homeostasis. This is achieved through a balance of the rate of consumption of dietary carbohydrates, utilization of glucose by peripheral tissues, and the loss of glucose through the kidney tubule. The liver and kidney also play a role in glucose homeostasis. This book aims to provide an overview of blood glucose levels in health and diseases.


Genetics of Melanoma

Genetics of Melanoma
Author: Carlos A. Torres-Cabala
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 288
Release: 2016-05-11
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 1493935542

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This book discusses the molecular, biological, pathological, and clinical aspects of melanoma, with special emphasis in the new concepts of melanoma genetics. A multidisciplinary group of experts in Genetics, Dermatology, Pathology, and Melanoma Medical Oncology contribute state-of-the-art knowledge in melanoma research and clinical management, not only exposing the current status of knowledge of the topics but also providing their personal experiences and ideas about the future and potential practical application of the genetic aspects of melanoma. During the last few years we have witnessed an impressive amount of discoveries in the field of melanoma genetics which have changed our approach in understanding the pathogenesis and treatment of this lethal disease. Genetics of Melanoma is a practical approach to melanoma genetic mechanisms and their application in the diagnosis and treatment of this malignancy. It is an essential source of updated information and a powerful tool for clinicians, pathologists, and basic scientists who wish to understand, apply, and investigate the multiple new aspects of melanoma genetics.


Leong's Manual of Diagnostic Antibodies for Immunohistology

Leong's Manual of Diagnostic Antibodies for Immunohistology
Author: Runjan Chetty
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 525
Release: 2016-11-28
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 1316592065

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Providing a unique A-Z guide to antibodies for immunohistology, this is an indispensable source for pathologists to ensure the correct application of immunohistochemistry in daily practice. Each entry includes commercial sources, clones, descriptions of stained proteins/epitopes, the full staining spectrum of normal and tumor tissues, staining pattern and cellular localization, the range of conditions of immunoreactivity, and pitfalls of the antibody's immunoprofile, giving pathologists a truly thorough quick-reference guide to sources, preparation and applications of specific antibodies. Appendices provide useful quick-reference tables of antibody panels for differential diagnoses, as well as summaries of diagnostic applications. Expanded from previous editions with over forty new entries, this handbook for diagnostic, therapeutic, prognostic and research applications of antibodies is an essential desktop book for practicing pathologists as well as researchers, residents and trainees.


Targeted Antigen Delivery: Bridging Innate and Adaptive Immunity

Targeted Antigen Delivery: Bridging Innate and Adaptive Immunity
Author: Bénédicte Manoury
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Total Pages: 166
Release: 2019-05-15
Genre:
ISBN: 2889458334

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The most efficient way to mount a sustained immune response is to target antigens to antigen presenting cells that trigger both innate and adaptive immune responses. A comprehensive view of the current approaches to the design of new antigenic formulations will enhance our understanding and perspective of targeted immunotherapy. The aim of this Research Topic is to provide an overview of the currently adopted targeting strategies by a collection of articles on: 1.Novel approaches of antigen targeting for immunotherapeutic strategies against cancer and/or infectious diseases. 2. Diversity and biology of dendritic cell subsets in human and mouse. 3. Combined strategies for the delivery of antigens and adjuvant molecules that stimulate innate immune responses and their influence on the quality of immune responses. 4. Impact of the receptor mediate intracellular trafficking on antigen presentation.