Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download Phylogeography And Genetic Structure Of Two Freshwater Mussel Species Bivalvia Unionidae Along Hypothesized Post Glacial Dispersal Routes Into The Laurentian Great Lakes PDF full book. Access full book title Phylogeography And Genetic Structure Of Two Freshwater Mussel Species Bivalvia Unionidae Along Hypothesized Post Glacial Dispersal Routes Into The Laurentian Great Lakes.
| Author | : Trevor L. Hewitt |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 118 |
| Release | : 2015 |
| Genre | : Phylogeography |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Jeffrey A. Mabe |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 148 |
| Release | : 2018 |
| Genre | : Unionidae |
| ISBN | : |
The anthropogenic alteration of riverine ecosystems has led to declines in the abundance and diversity of freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionoida) worldwide. Central Texas is home to a diverse freshwater mussel fauna including three candidates for federal listing under the Endangered Species Act. Surveys conducted over the last few decades suggest many of the endemic freshwater mussel species in Texas exist in small isolated populations that may be vulnerable to the deleterious effects of genetic diversity loss. Microsatellite primers from two closely related species were used to identify a set of genetic markers that functioned in the Golden Orb (Quadrula aurea). Microsatellite markers were then applied to document the population genetic structure of Q. aurea within and among three connected river drainages in southeastern Texas. Gene flow within existing Q. aurea populations appears high indicating little potential for genetic issues stemming from isolation and inbreeding. Two weakly divergent admixed populations were identified occupying the San Antonio and Guadalupe/San Marcos rivers. Population genetic structure was related to river basin affiliation, but results for environmental factors were unresolved. Current effective population size estimates are large for the Guadalupe/San Marcos drainage and moderately large for the San Antonio drainage and there is no clear genetic evidence of contemporary population declines. Transport in the glochidial phase by a highly mobile host fish, the channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus), may provide a mechanism for maintaining connectivity among spatially discrete mussel beds and deserves further study. Information on the occurrence and habitat associations of Q. aurea and two other threatened freshwater mussel species was documented. Quantification of the population genetic structure for Q. aurea provides important information needed for the management of this species, a baseline for understanding future changes, and insight into the factors that shape the population genetic structure of other threatened unionids in Texas.
| Author | : David Thomas Zanatta |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 436 |
| Release | : 2008 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9780494398302 |
The biodiversity of freshwater mussels is diminishing at a nearly unprecedented pace, with many species being added to legally protected lists. In response to this imperilment, this dissertation investigates the evolution and population genetics of mussels from the tribe Lampsilini of freshwater mussels. Species in the Order Unionoida require a host, usually a fish, to complete their life cycle. Females of most species show adaptations that increase the chances of glochidia larvae contacting a host. Using a suite of mitochondrial DNA sequences, a phylogenetic hypothesis for the evolution of the lampsiline species was created to test the evolution of host attracting structures and behaviours. It is necessary to investigate alternative ways to conserve the biological and genetic diversity of imperiled unionoids within the framework of conservation law. In order to clarify definitions and concepts for conservation units for unionoids, studies of unionoid evolution, population genetic structure, cryptic species, and taxonomic conflict are discussed. From this synthesis of studies, recommendations are made for the appropriate usage of these units under endangered species legislation. To assist in managing lampsiline species, population-level studies of the imperiled Northern Riffleshell (Epioblasma torulosa rangiana), Snuffbox (E. triquetra) and Wavy-rayed Lampmussel (Lampsilis fasciola) were conducted to test possible routes of post-glacial redistribution and for the existence of conservation units, population structure and genetic diversity. Analyses were made using mitochondrial DNA sequences and microsatellite loci, including six that were newly developed. For E. t. rangiana, mtDNA sequence data did not indicate significant geographic structure among populations. However, allelic data from the microsatellite loci revealed highly significant population structuring. For E. triquetra, the results indicated the occurrence of three glacial refugia: the Tennessee River, rivers south of the Ozark Crest, and the lower Ohio River drainage near the confluence with the Mississippi. The four sympatrically-occurring mantle display-types could not be distinguished genetically via an assessment of microsatellite DNA loci. Within-drainage gene flow was high and sampling localities within drainages displayed panmixia. For all species, efforts in artificial propagation and possible translocations programs to reintroduce or augment populations should be made to maintain significant levels of genetic variation while maintaining distinctiveness.
| Author | : Marnin D. Wolfe |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 47 |
| Release | : 2006 |
| Genre | : Endangered species |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Joshua E. Brown |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 362 |
| Release | : 2009 |
| Genre | : Animal population genetics |
| ISBN | : |
The growing numbers of species introductions, with many having significant ecological and economic impacts, constitute one of the greatest challenges facing our native ecosystems today. To make correct ecological comparisons among native and introduced populations and minimize their further spread, we must (1) identify the introduced species/taxon/population correctly and (2) determine its source population(s) and its transmission pathways. This dissertation study analyzes and compares the population genetic and phylogeographic structure of three successful invasions by Ponto-Caspian species into the North American Great Lakes and beyond: the round goby Neogobius melanostomus and the dreissenid mussels Dreissena polymorpha and Dreissena rostriformis bugensis. In Chapters 2 and 3 we describe evidence for two subspecies of round goby, both of which have expanded their range. From this background information, likely sources are identified for invasive populations in Eurasia and North America. In Chapter 4, the genetic structure of zebra and quagga mussels in North America is analyzed in comparison with sites in Eurasia. Zebra mussel populations have appreciable genetic diversity, whereas quagga mussel populations from the Colorado River and California show some founder effects. The population genetic composition of both species changed over time at given sites; with some adding alleles from adjacent populations, some losing them, and all retaining closest similarity to their original composition. Zebra and quagga mussels from the western United States assign to possible origins from the St. Lawrence River and Lake Ontario, respectively. These assignments suggest that overland colonization pathways via recreational boats do not necessarily reflect the most proximate connections. The results show that all three species likely experienced multiple introductions into the Great Lakes, which brought a large proportion of the native genetic diversity to North America. This created significant genetic structure within their respective introduced ranges. The round goby and the quagga mussel were introduced from their native range, in contrast to the zebra mussel which whose origins North American origins trace to secondary spread from previously invaded regions in Northern and Central Europe. This dissertation demonstrates the utility of molecular techniques to invasive species management, by identifying the pathways connecting source populations to new colonies.
| Author | : Kody F. Kuehnl |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 261 |
| Release | : 2009 |
| Genre | : Freshwater mussels |
| ISBN | : |
Finally, using two federally endangered freshwater mussels, Pleurobema clava and Epioblasma torulosa rangiana; we provide a framework for evaluating potential sites for relocation, translocation, and reintroduction in two Ohio watersheds. This framework includes a discussion of past and current threats, conservation activities, and identifies biological and physical criteria that can be used to evaluate potential sites for conservation activities.
| Author | : Wendell R. Haag |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 523 |
| Release | : 2012-08-27 |
| Genre | : Nature |
| ISBN | : 0521199387 |
Synthesizes the ecology and natural history of North American freshwater mussels for scientists, natural resource professionals, students and natural history enthusiasts.
| Author | : Ljiljana Marija Stanton |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 95 |
| Release | : 2008 |
| Genre | : Unionidae |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Chad D. Ferguson |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 228 |
| Release | : 2009 |
| Genre | : Biodiversity |
| ISBN | : |
Freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) are among the most imperiled organisms in North America. While there is an urgent need for effective conservation planning and management of these organisms, important basic biological information is lacking. This research characterizes levels of genetic diversity and population structure in the Near Threatened (IUCN) freshwater mussel Lampsilis cardium in populations from Twin Creek (southwest Ohio), Little Darby and Big Darby Creeks (central Ohio), and Little Muskingum River (eastern Ohio) and assesses the extent to which regional geological events explain population structuring. Data from the congener Lampsilis ovata from Clinch River (Tennessee) are included for comparison. To characterize these patterns, sequencing of the mtDNA gene cytochrome oxidase c subunit 1 (COI) and nuclear microsatellite genotyping over 12 loci was performed. Additionally, genotype data from both adults and individual glochidia were analyzed to examine parentage and within-population levels of relatedness across common pedigree relationships. Microsatellite data reveal weak population structuring across glaciated and unglaciated drainages and 900 total river miles. However, haplotype analysis and sequence alignment recovered deeply divergent, cryptic lineages within Lampsilis cardium consistent with ancestral introgressive hybridization with Lampsilis ovata or incomplete lineage sorting. Mito-nuclear discordance argues against ongoing hybridization, although polymorphic species are also consistent with the data, and this affirms the importance of multiple molecular markers. In addition to finding multiple paternity in single broods, a number of parent-offspring, full-sibling, and half-sibling relationships for adults and glochidia are described. Numerous instances are noted in which likely full-siblings or half-siblings were located several kilometers apart, demonstrating that DNA-based evidence can describe the spatial nature of dispersal in unionid mussels. In a first report, the likely father of three glochidia from one female's brood was identified 16.2 kilometers upstream, which suggests the possibility of long-distance transport of spermatozoa in Lampsilis cardium. Given the similarity with which Lampsilines reproduce, it is predicted that other members of this genus are also capable long-distance fertilization. If fertilization in populations of freshwater mussels is indeed not limited by the density of breeding adults, the prospects for recovery in this fauna may be better than recently imagined.
| Author | : Caitlin Beaver |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 94 |
| Release | : 2018 |
| Genre | : Epioblasma |
| ISBN | : |
