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Asymmetric Reciprocity, Reference Wage Formation, and the Theory of Wages and Unemployment

Asymmetric Reciprocity, Reference Wage Formation, and the Theory of Wages and Unemployment
Author: Marco Fongoni
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2017
Genre:
ISBN:

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This thesis contributes to the theory of wages and unemployment through an indepth theoretical analysis of firms' wage setting and hiring decisions and workers' perceptions of fairness and attitude in the production process.


Getting Pay Right: Perceptions of Fairness and the Influence of Transparency and Trust

Getting Pay Right: Perceptions of Fairness and the Influence of Transparency and Trust
Author: Angela Laura Beatty
Publisher:
Total Pages: 284
Release: 2021
Genre: Economics
ISBN:

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This project explores employee pay and what it means to get it right through a human values perspective. The project is based on the hypothesis that satisfaction with pay is linked to employee retention, yet satisfaction does not come from higher pay in and of itself; instead, satisfaction with compensation is connected to employees’ perceptions of fairness which are influenced by trust and transparency. This hypothesis was tested using aggregated, non-individually identifiable data from a publicly held Fortune 1000 global professional services firm with 467,000 employees across more than 120 countries. Findings showed that employees are more satisfied with their pay when they believe it to be fair. Consistent with procedural and distributive justice and equity theories, employees believe their pay to be fair when they trust the procedures and processes associated with its establishment as well as the equity of outcomes, both internally from a distributive perspective within the organization as well as externally from a competitive market relevancy perspective. Second, employees trust in the procedure and equity of outcomes when they perceive the source to be competent, caring, honest, and reliable—four qualities to engender trust consistently identified across the work of several notable psychologists. Lastly, perceptions of competence, care, honesty, and reliability are bolstered when there is transparency from the source (in this case the company) about three items enabling employees to validate procedural and distributive equity. These are: (1) the process followed to make compensation decisions; (2) outcomes relative to others; and (3) an explanation of the reasons for personalized decisions (the how, what, and why of compensation). This project demonstrates how pay is symbolic of deeply held human values and expectations around justice, fairness and equitable treatment, all anchored to trust. It offers guidance for how organizations can harness this understanding to design, administer, and communicate pay programs more effectively to improve this aspect of the work experience, and by extension, the lives of people.


The Economics of Gender

The Economics of Gender
Author: Joyce P. Jacobsen
Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
Total Pages: 515
Release: 1998
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9780631207276

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Economic agents can be male or female; they interact in families and households as well as in firms and markets. Yet it is only recently that economists have begun to take the implications of these facts into account in their theory, research, and policy analysis. Informed debate in economics, in other academic fields in which gender is of concern, and in society at large depends on an understanding of the economic issues underlying such questions as "why do women earn less than men" and "why, throughout the world, have men and women tended to work in separate spheres?" "The Economics of Gender, " Second Edition offers a comprehensive, balanced, and up-to-date introduction to the new work on the differences between women's and men's economic opportunities, activities, and rewards. Although Jacobsen's primary focus is on contemporary US patterns, she devotes four chapters to cross-societal comparisons. She also takes a close look at the evolution of contemporary patterns over time and the impact on them of race, ethnicity, and class. Throughout, she discusses the pros and cons of various policies, including "comparable worth" and welfare programs. Many real-life examples and anecdotes enliven the text. Appendices provide additional help for readers who have not had a course in economics and further detail for the economically sophisticated. Clear, readable, and provocative, the Second Edition of "The Economics of Gender" will continue to be welcomed as a primary text for the growing number of courses on gender economics. It remains a valuable supplement to courses in labor economics, economic policy, and women's studies. Finally, academics and policymakers in a wide range of fields will appreciate the book as a crucial reference.


The Economics of Inequality

The Economics of Inequality
Author: Thomas Piketty
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Total Pages: 153
Release: 2015-08-03
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0674915585

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Thomas Piketty—whose Capital in the Twenty-First Century pushed inequality to the forefront of public debate—wrote The Economics of Inequality as an introduction to the conceptual and factual background necessary for interpreting changes in economic inequality over time. This concise text has established itself as an indispensable guide for students and general readers in France, where it has been regularly updated and revised. Translated by Arthur Goldhammer, The Economics of Inequality now appears in English for the first time. Piketty begins by explaining how inequality evolves and how economists measure it. In subsequent chapters, he explores variances in income and ownership of capital and the variety of policies used to reduce these gaps. Along the way, with characteristic clarity and precision, he introduces key ideas about the relationship between labor and capital, the effects of different systems of taxation, the distinction between “historical” and “political” time, the impact of education and technological change, the nature of capital markets, the role of unions, and apparent tensions between the pursuit of efficiency and the pursuit of fairness. Succinct, accessible, and authoritative, this is the ideal place to start for those who want to understand the fundamental issues at the heart of one of the most pressing concerns in contemporary economics and politics.


The Oxford Handbook of Justice in the Workplace

The Oxford Handbook of Justice in the Workplace
Author: Russell Cropanzano
Publisher: Oxford Library of Psychology
Total Pages: 697
Release: 2015
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 0199981418

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Justice is everyone's concern. It plays a critical role in organizational success and promotes the quality of employees' working lives. For these reasons, understanding the nature of justice has become a prominent goal among scholars of organizational behavior. As research in organizational justice has proliferated, a need has emerged for scholars to integrate literature across disciplines. Offering the most thorough discussion of organizational justice currently available, The Oxford Handbook of Justice in the Workplace provides a comprehensive review of empirical and conceptual research addressing this vital topic. Reflecting this dynamic and expanding area of research, chapters provide cutting-edge reviews of selection, performance management, conflict resolution, diversity management, organizational climate, and other topics integral for promoting organizational success. Additionally, the book explores major conceptual issues such as interpersonal interaction, emotion, the structure of justice, the motivation for fairness, and cross-cultural considerations in fairness perceptions. The reader will find thorough discussions of legal issues, philosophical concerns, and human decision-making, all of which make this the standard reference book for both established scholars and emerging researchers.


Globalization and Egalitarian Redistribution

Globalization and Egalitarian Redistribution
Author: Pranab Bardhan
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Total Pages: 352
Release: 2020-10-06
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0691220204

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Can the welfare state survive in an economically integrated world? Many have argued that globalization has undermined national policies to raise the living standards and enhance the economic opportunities of the poor. This book, by sixteen of the world's leading authorities in international economics and the welfare state, suggests a surprisingly different set of consequences: Globalization does not preclude social insurance and egalitarian redistribution--but it does change the mix of policies that can accomplish these ends. Globalization and Egalitarian Redistribution demonstrates that the free flow of goods, capital, and labor has increased the inequality or volatility of labor earnings in advanced industrial societies--while constraining governments' ability to tax the winners from globalization to compensate workers for their loss. This flow has meanwhile created opportunities for enhancing the welfare of the less well off in poor and middle-income countries. Comprising eleven essays framed by the editors' introduction and conclusion, this book represents the first systematic look at how globalization affects policies aimed at reducing inequalities. The contributors are Keith Banting, Pranab Bardhan, Carles Boix, Samuel Bowles, Minsik Choi, Richard Johnston, Covadonga Meseguer Yebra, Karl Ove Moene, Layna Mosley, Claus Offe, Ugo Pagano, Adam Przeworski, Kenneth Scheve, Matthew J. Slaughter, Stuart Soroka, and Michael Wallerstein.


The New Economics of Inequality and Redistribution

The New Economics of Inequality and Redistribution
Author: Samuel Bowles
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 207
Release: 2012-07-12
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1107014034

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Incorporating the latest results from behavioral economics and microeconomic theory, Samuel Bowles argues that conventional economics has mistakenly presented inequality as the price of progress. In place of this view, he offers a novel and optimistic account of the possibility of a more just economy.


The Dark Side of CRM

The Dark Side of CRM
Author: Bang Nguyen
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 323
Release: 2015-09-04
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1317622006

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Customers are treated badly. Not all customers. Not always. But many are and often. Some customers are bad. They treat firms badly. Firms have to react. Employees and customers endure the consequences. Such bad behaviours, by firms and customers, have consequences for perceptions of trust and fairness, for endorsements and referrals, for repeat purchasing and loyalty, and ultimately for a firm’s profitability and RoI. The management of customer relationships is core to the success and even survival of the firm. As The Dark Side of CRM explores, this is an area fraught with difficulties, duplicitous practice and undesirable behaviours. These need acknowledging, mitigating and controlling. This book is the first of its kind to define these dark sides, exploring also how firms and policy-makers might address such behaviours and manage them successfully. With contributions from many of the leading exponents globally of CRM and understanding customers, The Dark Side of CRM is essential reading for students, researchers and practitioners interested in managing customers, relationship marketing and CRM, as well as social media and marketing strategy.