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Palestine 1936

Palestine 1936
Author: Oren Kessler
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
Total Pages: 335
Release: 2023-02-15
Genre: History
ISBN: 1538148811

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2024 Winner, Sami Rohr Prize for Jewish Literature, The Sami Rohr Jewish Literary Institute • One of the Wall Street Journal's 10 Best Books of 2023 • Named a Booklist Editors' Choice in History: Adult Books, 2023 • Finalist, Writing Based on Archival Material: National Jewish Book Awards • Finalist, Sophie Brody Medal, American Library Association "[Kessler] has done an exceptional job and opened new vistas on troubles past and present." — Wall Street Journal "Kessler’s history is key to understanding the current situation between Israelis and Palestinians." —Booklist, Starred Review A gripping, profoundly human, yet even-handed narrative of the origins of the Middle East conflict, with enduring resonance and relevance for our time. In spring 1936, the Holy Land erupted in a rebellion that targeted both the local Jewish community and the British Mandate authorities that for two decades had midwifed the Zionist project. The Great Arab Revolt would last three years, cost thousands of lives—Jewish, British, and Arab—and cast the trajectory for the Middle East conflict ever since. Yet incredibly, no history of this seminal, formative first “Intifada” has ever been published for a general audience. The 1936–1939 revolt was the crucible in which Palestinian identity coalesced, uniting rival families, city and country, rich and poor in a single struggle for independence. Yet the rebellion would ultimately turn on itself, shredding the social fabric, sidelining pragmatists in favor of extremists, and propelling waves of refugees from their homes. British forces’ aggressive counterinsurgency took care of the rest, finally quashing the uprising on the eve of World War II. The revolt to end Zionism had instead crushed the Arabs themselves, leaving them crippled in facing the Jews’ own drive for statehood a decade later. To the Jews, the insurgency would leave a very different legacy. It was then that Zionist leaders began to abandon illusions over Arab acquiescence, to face the unnerving prospect that fulfilling their dream of sovereignty might mean forever clinging to the sword. The revolt saw thousands of Jews trained and armed by Britain—the world’s supreme military power—turning their ramshackle guard units into the seed of a formidable Jewish army. And it was then, amid carnage in Palestine and the Hitler menace in Europe, that portentous words like “partition” and “Jewish state” first appeared on the international diplomatic agenda. This is the story of two national movements and the first sustained confrontation between them. The rebellion was Arab, but the Zionist counter-rebellion—the Jews’ military, economic, and psychological transformation—is a vital, overlooked element in the chronicle of how Palestine became Israel. Today, eight decades on, the revolt’s legacy endures. Hamas’s armed wing and rockets carry the name of the fighter-preacher whose death sparked the 1936 rebellion. When Israel builds security barriers, sets up checkpoints, or razes homes, it is evoking laws and methods inherited from its British predecessor. And when Washington promotes a “two-state solution,” it is invoking a plan with roots in this same pivotal period. Based on extensive archival research on three continents and in three languages, Palestine 1936 is the origin story of the world’s most intractable conflict, but it is also more than that. In Oren Kessler’s engaging, journalistic voice, it reveals world-changing events through extraordinary individuals on all sides: their loves and their hatreds, their deepest fears and profoundest hopes.


Britain's Pacification of Palestine

Britain's Pacification of Palestine
Author: Matthew Hughes
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 505
Release: 2019-01-03
Genre: History
ISBN: 1107103207

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The British Army's devastating effectiveness against colonial rebellion is exposed in this military history of Britain's pacification of the Arab revolt in Palestine.


Memories of Revolt

Memories of Revolt
Author: Ted Swedenburg
Publisher: University of Arkansas Press
Total Pages: 302
Release: 2003-07-01
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 1557287635

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“This wonderful monograph treats a subject that resonates with anyone who studies the Palestinian-Israeli conflict and particularly Palestinian nationalism: that how Palestinian history is remembered and constructed is as meaningful to our understanding of the current struggle as arriving as some sort of ‘complete empirical understanding’ of its history. Swedenburg . . . studies how a major anti-colonial insurrection, the 1936–38 strike and revolt in Palestine [against the British], is remembered in Palestinian nationalist historiography, western and Israeli ‘official’ historical discourse, and Palestinian popular memory. Using primarily oral history interviews, supplemented by archival material and national monuments, he presents multiple, complex, contradictory, and alternative interpretations of historical events. . . . The book is thematically divided into explorations of Palestinian nationalist symbols, stereotypes, and myths; Israeli national monuments that simultaneously act as historical ‘injunctions against forgetting’ Jewish history and efforts to ‘marginalize, vilify, and obliterate’ the Arab history of Palestine; Palestine subaltern memories as resistance to official narratives, including unpopular and controversial recollections of collaboration and assassination; and finally, how the recodification and revival of memories of the revolt informed the Palestinian intifada that erupted in 1987.” —MESA Bulletin


The Hundred Years' War on Palestine

The Hundred Years' War on Palestine
Author: Rashid Khalidi
Publisher: Metropolitan Books
Total Pages: 352
Release: 2020-01-28
Genre: History
ISBN: 1627798544

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A landmark history of one hundred years of war waged against the Palestinians from the foremost US historian of the Middle East, told through pivotal events and family history In 1899, Yusuf Diya al-Khalidi, mayor of Jerusalem, alarmed by the Zionist call to create a Jewish national home in Palestine, wrote a letter aimed at Theodore Herzl: the country had an indigenous people who would not easily accept their own displacement. He warned of the perils ahead, ending his note, “in the name of God, let Palestine be left alone.” Thus Rashid Khalidi, al-Khalidi’s great-great-nephew, begins this sweeping history, the first general account of the conflict told from an explicitly Palestinian perspective. Drawing on a wealth of untapped archival materials and the reports of generations of family members—mayors, judges, scholars, diplomats, and journalists—The Hundred Years' War on Palestine upends accepted interpretations of the conflict, which tend, at best, to describe a tragic clash between two peoples with claims to the same territory. Instead, Khalidi traces a hundred years of colonial war on the Palestinians, waged first by the Zionist movement and then Israel, but backed by Britain and the United States, the great powers of the age. He highlights the key episodes in this colonial campaign, from the 1917 Balfour Declaration to the destruction of Palestine in 1948, from Israel’s 1982 invasion of Lebanon to the endless and futile peace process. Original, authoritative, and important, The Hundred Years' War on Palestine is not a chronicle of victimization, nor does it whitewash the mistakes of Palestinian leaders or deny the emergence of national movements on both sides. In reevaluating the forces arrayed against the Palestinians, it offers an illuminating new view of a conflict that continues to this day.


Palestine 1936

Palestine 1936
Author: Robbie Covington
Publisher: Independently Published
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2023-02-16
Genre:
ISBN:

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A gripping, deeply human, but fair account of how the Middle East conflict started, with lasting resonance and relevance for today. In the spring of 1936, there was a rebellion in the Holy Land that targeted both the local Jewish community and the authorities of the British Mandate, who had fostered the Zionist project for two decades. The Great Arab Revolt would last three years, result in the deaths of thousands of Jews, British, and Arabs, and set the stage for the ongoing Middle East conflict. However, it is remarkable that there has never been a general-read history of this pivotal and influential first "Intifada." Palestinian identity was formed during the 1936-1939 uprising, which brought together rival families, cities, countries, and rich and poor in a single struggle for independence. However, in the end, the rebellion would turn against itself, tearing apart the social fabric, marginalizing pragmatists in favor of extremists, and driving waves of refugees from their homes. The rest was dealt with by British forces' aggressive counterinsurgency, which ended the uprising on the eve of World War II. The Arabs themselves had been crushed by the revolt to end Zionism, leaving them powerless to face the Jewish drive for statehood a decade later. The insurgency would leave a very different legacy for the Jews. When Zionist leaders realized that realizing their dream of sovereignty might require forever clinging to the sword, they began to let go of their preconceived notions about Arab acquiescence. Thousands of Jews were trained and armed by Britain, the world's supreme military power, during the revolt, which resulted in the seed of a formidable Jewish army being planted in their shabby guard units. In addition, it was at that time, when ominous terms like "partition" and "Jewish state" first appeared on the international diplomatic agenda, amidst the devastation in Palestine and the threat posed by Hitler in Europe. This tells the story of two national movements and their first long-term conflict. Arabs led the rebellion, but the Zionist counterrebellion-the Jews' transformation in military, economic, and psychological ways-is an important but often overlooked aspect of how Palestine became Israel. The revolt's legacy continues eight decades later. The name of the fighter-preacher whose death sparked the 1936 rebellion is displayed on Hamas's armed wing and rockets. Israel is emulating British-era laws and practices whenever it constructs security barriers, establishes checkpoints, or demolishes residences. And when Washington calls for a "two-state solution," it is referring to a plan that was developed during the same pivotal time. Palestine 1936 is the origin story of the world's most intractable conflict, but it is also more than that. It is the result of extensive archival research conducted across three continents and in three languages. It reveals world-changing events through extraordinary individuals on all sides in Oren Kessler's engaging journalistic voice: their deepest hopes and deepest fears, as well as their loves and hatreds.


The Balfour Declaration

The Balfour Declaration
Author: Bernard Regan
Publisher: Verso Books
Total Pages: 289
Release: 2018-10-30
Genre: History
ISBN: 1786632489

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The true history of the imperial deal that transformed the Middle East and sealed the fate of Palestine On 2 November 1917, the British government, represented by Foreign Minister Arthur Balfour, declared it was in favour of “the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people.” This short note would become one of the most controversial documents of modern history. Offering new insights into the imperial rivalries between Britain, Germany and the Ottomans, Regan exposes British policy in the region as part of a larger geopolitical game. He charts the debates within the British government, the Zionist movement, and the Palestinian groups struggling for selfdetermination. The after-effects of these events are still felt today.


The Struggle for Palestine

The Struggle for Palestine
Author: J.C. Hurewitz
Publisher: Plunkett Lake Press
Total Pages: 381
Release: 2022-07-21
Genre: History
ISBN:

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“This is a remarkable book. Amid the welter of literature on Palestine since 1917, The Struggle for Palestine stands out as a monument to intellectual honesty, fine scholarship, and objective presentation... [it] will remain an authoritative book on the history of Palestine for the years from 1936 to 1949.” — The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science “The book is outstanding for its unemotional and carefully documented approach... Here is an antidote to the usual partisan accounts that generate more heat than light. This is a fact-crammed autopsy on the corpse of the mandate... the book is unique and valuable.” — The American Historical Review “The Struggle for Palestine will be an indispensable guide to understanding the future struggle of Israel... [Hurewitz] notes the excesses of Jewish terrorists and the maneuvers of Zionist politicians no less firmly than the bad faith of the Arabs, the inconsistency of the Americans, the double talk of the Russians, or the meanness and fat-headedness of the British... a work of major competence and distinction.” — The New York Times “This book, first published in 1950, has long been recognized as the best account of the Arab-Jewish conflict during the climacteric years 1936 to 1948. The vast amount of primary material and monograph literature published during the past three decades has done nothing to diminish its reputation. Indeed, the opening of the Israeli, American, and British archives has in general validated Hurewitz’s central conclusions... The enduring value of this book resides in two chief properties. First, the author had inside knowledge of the problem as a result of research in Palestine and wartime employment by the Office of Strategic Services and the intelligence branch of the Department of State. Secondly, he wrote neither as a moralist nor as an apologist but as a political scientist; hence the unusual emphasis placed on the social and economic analysis of the Arab and Jewish communities and on the interplay of local and international forces.” — Middle Eastern Studies “It is [a] masterly combination of insight and impartiality that gives his book its peculiar power and value.” — Journal of Near Eastern Studies “[A] noteworthy contribution to the clarification of the complicated story of the rise of Israel to national status.” — Jewish Social Studies “This valuable addition to research in the Palestine question, is particularly welcome for its high level of scholarship and for its fine spirit of detachment. First hand documentary sources, Arabic and Hebrew as well as English, have been fully utilized; the presentation of the various points of view is unbiased by emotional involvement; the style is straightforward, unadorned by literary embellishment... Dr. Hurewitz has produced an outstanding piece of work, one which every student of the history of the development of the Middle East will keep beside as an accurate and’ exceptionally competent account of the main facts in the course of political events in Palestine during the recent decades.” — Publications of the American Jewish Historical Society “Mr. Hurewitz has produced a very full and well documented account of the developments that led to the withdrawal of the British from Palestine and the rise of the State of Israel, and in his treatment of the subject has shown himself far more objective than most of his predecessors.” — International Affairs “Mr. Hurewitz[’s] objectivity is never in doubt, and his book is the best practical history of modern Palestine yet found by this writer. It is an able and factual record of what happened. Every word has been carefully weighed, and the author has not sacrificed one iota of accuracy for the sake of the brilliant epigram or the facile generalization... His book now becomes an essential volume for all university and public libraries with Middle East sections, and for all persons with Middle East interests. One might safely predict that its objectivity and sanity will enhance its value as time goes on. There are few experts in this field with Mr. Hurewitz’s knowledge or self-discipline.” — Middle East Journal “This book is a detailed chronicle of Palestine politics from 1936 to 1947: that is, from the Arab revolt that caused Britain to declare the Palestine mandate ‘unworkable’ till after the British left Palestine following the U.N. decision to partition the country... The book is a compact, dense, yet easily written reference guide to a crucial period in Palestine history.” — Jewish Frontier “The history of the British mandate over Palestine, from the time of the Balfour Declaration to the proclamation of Jewish statehood, is traced here in infinite detail and with the dispassionate prose of the scholar... J.C. Hurewitz takes no sides, defends no cause. Rather he strives to do what has so seldom been done — to tell the story of Palestine under British rule in terms of history rather than politics. He is successful.” — New York Herald Tribune “The general reader... can join the scholar in welcoming Dr. Hurewitz’s happy combination of trustworthy information, valid interpretation and readable narrative.” — Saturday Review


The Ethnic Cleansing of Palestine

The Ethnic Cleansing of Palestine
Author: Ilan Pappe
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
Total Pages: 471
Release: 2007-09-01
Genre: History
ISBN: 1780740565

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The book that is providing a storm of controversy, from ‘Israel’s bravest historian’ (John Pilger) Renowned Israeli historian, Ilan Pappe's groundbreaking work on the formation of the State of Israel. 'Along with the late Edward Said, Ilan Pappe is the most eloquent writer of Palestinian history.' NEW STATESMAN Between 1947 and 1949, over 400 Palestinian villages were deliberately destroyed, civilians were massacred and around a million men, women, and children were expelled from their homes at gunpoint. Denied for almost six decades, had it happened today it could only have been called 'ethnic cleansing'. Decisively debunking the myth that the Palestinian population left of their own accord in the course of this war, Ilan Pappe offers impressive archival evidence to demonstrate that, from its very inception, a central plank in Israel’s founding ideology was the forcible removal of the indigenous population. Indispensable for anyone interested in the current crisis in the Middle East. *** 'Ilan Pappe is Israel's bravest, most principled, most incisive historian.' JOHN PILGER 'Pappe has opened up an important new line of inquiry into the vast and fateful subject of the Palestinian refugees. His book is rewarding in other ways. It has at times an elegiac, even sentimental, character, recalling the lost, obliterated life of the Palestinian Arabs and imagining or regretting what Pappe believes could have been a better land of Palestine.' TIMES LITERARY SUPPLEMENT 'A major intervention in an argument that will, and must, continue. There's no hope of lasting Middle East peace while the ghosts of 1948 still walk.' INDEPENDENT


Zionism and the Arabs 1936-1939

Zionism and the Arabs 1936-1939
Author: Ian Black
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2015
Genre: Electronic books
ISBN: 9781317442684

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Palestine, Retreat from the Mandate

Palestine, Retreat from the Mandate
Author: Michael Joseph Cohen
Publisher: New York : Holmes & Meier
Total Pages: 264
Release: 1978
Genre: Political Science
ISBN:

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