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Optical Properties of Nanoparticle Systems

Optical Properties of Nanoparticle Systems
Author: Michael Quinten
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 507
Release: 2010-11-29
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3527633154

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Filling the gap for a description of the optical properties of small particles with sizes less than 1000 nm and to provide a comprehensive overview on the spectral behavior of nanoparticulate matter, this is the most up-to-date reference on the optical physics of nanoparticle systems. The author, an expert in the field with both academic and industrial experience, concentrates on the linear optical properties, elastic light scattering and absorption of single nanoparticles and on reflectance and transmittance of nanoparticle matter.


Optical Properties of Metallic Nanoparticles

Optical Properties of Metallic Nanoparticles
Author: Andreas Trügler
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 217
Release: 2016-03-29
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3319250744

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This book introduces the fascinating world of plasmonics and physics at the nanoscale, with a focus on simulations and the theoretical aspects of optics and nanotechnology. A research field with numerous applications, plasmonics bridges the gap between the micrometer length scale of light and the secrets of the nanoworld. This is achieved by binding light to charge density oscillations of metallic nanostructures, so-called surface plasmons, which allow electromagnetic radiation to be focussed down to spots as small as a few nanometers. The book is a snapshot of recent and ongoing research and at the same time outlines our present understanding of the optical properties of metallic nanoparticles, ranging from the tunability of plasmonic resonances to the ultrafast dynamics of light-matter interaction. Beginning with a gentle introduction that highlights the basics of plasmonic interactions and plasmon imaging, the author then presents a suitable theoretical framework for the description of metallic nanostructures. This model based on this framework is first solved analytically for simple systems, and subsequently through numerical simulations for more general cases where, for example, surface roughness, nonlinear and nonlocal effects or metamaterials are investigated.


Optical Properties of Nanostructured Metallic Systems

Optical Properties of Nanostructured Metallic Systems
Author: Sergio G. Rodrigo
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 177
Release: 2011-10-08
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3642230857

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The common belief is that light is completely reflected by metals. In reality they also exhibit an amazing property that is not so widely known: under some conditions light flows along a metallic surface as if it were glued to it. Physical phenomena related to these light waves, which are called Surface Plasmon Polaritons (SPP), have given rise to the research field of plasmonics. This thesis explores four interesting topics within plasmonics: extraordinary optical transmission, negative refractive index metamaterials, plasmonic devices for controlling SPPs, and field enhancement phenomena near metal nanoparticles.


Optical Properties And Spectroscopy Of Nanomaterials

Optical Properties And Spectroscopy Of Nanomaterials
Author: Jin Zhong Zhang
Publisher: World Scientific
Total Pages: 400
Release: 2009-07-21
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 981446936X

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Optical properties are among the most fascinating and useful properties of nanomaterials and have been extensively studied using a variety of optical spectroscopic techniques. A basic understanding of the optical properties and related spectroscopic techniques is essential for anyone who is interested in learning about nanomaterials of semiconductors, insulators or metal. This is partly because optical properties are intimately related to other properties and functionalities (e.g. electronic, magnetic, and thermal) that are of fundamental importance to many technological applications, such as energy conversion, chemical analysis, biomedicine, optoelectronics, communication, and radiation detection.Intentionally designed for upper-level undergraduate students and beginning graduate students with some basic knowledge of quantum mechanics, this book provides the first systematic coverage of optical properties and spectroscopic techniques of nanomaterials.


Noble and Precious Metals

Noble and Precious Metals
Author: Mohindar Seehra
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Total Pages: 432
Release: 2018-07-04
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1789232929

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The use of copper, silver, gold and platinum in jewelry as a measure of wealth is well known. This book contains 19 chapters written by international authors on other uses and applications of noble and precious metals (copper, silver, gold, platinum, palladium, iridium, osmium, rhodium, ruthenium, and rhenium). The topics covered include surface-enhanced Raman scattering, quantum dots, synthesis and properties of nanostructures, and its applications in the diverse fields such as high-tech engineering, nanotechnology, catalysis, and biomedical applications. The basis for these applications is their high-free electron concentrations combined with high-temperature stability and corrosion resistance and methods developed for synthesizing nanostructures. Recent developments in all these areas with up-to-date references are emphasized.


Collective Resonances in Nanoparticle Oligomers

Collective Resonances in Nanoparticle Oligomers
Author: Benjamin Thomas Hopkins
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2017
Genre:
ISBN:

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The study of nanostructured artificial media for optics has expanded rapidly over the last few decades, coupled with improvements of fabrication technology that have enabled investigation of previously unrealisable optical scattering systems. Such development is complemented by renewed impetus to understand the physics of optical scattering from complex subwavelength geometry and nanoparticle systems. Here I investigate speci cally the optical properties of closely packed arrangements of nanoparticles, known as nanoparticle oligomers, which provide an intuitive platform for analytical and numerical study on the formation and interplay of collective resonances. I consider both plasmonic nanoparticles, and also high-refractive-index dielectric nanoparticles that support Mie-type electric and magnetic dipole resonances. Specifi c outcomes of this study are listed as follows. (i) A new model is presented for optical Fano resonances, which is based on interference between nonorthogonal eigenmodes of the associated scattering object. This is demonstrated to correctly describe Fano resonances in both plasmonic and high-refractive-index dielectric nanoparticle oligomers; it also revealed capacity for two-channel Fano interference in the magnetic dipolar response from the dielectric oligomers. (ii) Polarisation-independent scattering and absorption losses are shown to be enforced by n-fold discrete rotational symmetry, Cn (n geq 3), and reciprocal degeneracy of eigenmodes. (iii) A new form of circular dichroism is presented, which occurs due to the interaction of nonorthogonal resonances, and impacts the ratio of radiative scattering loss to dissipative absorption loss experienced by reciprocal plane waves. Geometric asymmetry and optical chirality are also reviewed to quantify the minimum symmetries that must be broken to allow other circular dichroism effects in chiral and achiral scattering objects. The sequence of general theoretical conclusions (i)-(iii) serve to build the understanding of optical scattering from nanoparticle systems while removing existing ambiguities.


Fundamentals, Properties, and Applications of Polymer Nanocomposites

Fundamentals, Properties, and Applications of Polymer Nanocomposites
Author: Joseph H. Koo
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 719
Release: 2016-10-31
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1316094413

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This book is focused primarily on polymer nanocomposites, based on the author's research experience as well as open literature. The environmental health and safety aspects of nanomaterials and polymer nanocomposites, risk assessment and safety standards, and fire toxicity of polymer nanocomposites, are studied. In the final chapter, a brief overview of opportunities, trends, and challenges of polymer nanocomposites are included. Throughout the book, the theme is developed that polymer nanocomposites are a whole family of polymeric materials whose properties are capable of being tailored to meet specific applications. This volume serves as a general introduction to students and researchers just entering the field and to scholars from other subfields seeking information.


Encyclopedia of Nanotechnology

Encyclopedia of Nanotechnology
Author: Bharat Bhushan
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 2868
Release: 2013-04-29
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9789048197521

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The Encyclopedia of Nanotechnology provides a comprehensive and multi-disciplinary reference to the many fields relevant to the general field of nanotechnology. It aims to be a comprehensive and genuinely international reference work and will be aimed at graduate students, researchers, and practitioners. The Encyclopedia of Nanotechnology introduces a large number of terms, devices and processes which are related to the multi-disciplinary field of Nanotechnology. For each entry in this 4 volume set a 4-10 page description is provided by an expert in the field. Contributions are made by experts from the US, Europe and Asia, making this a comprehensive and truly international Reference Work. The authors are typically from academia, however one quarter of all entries were written by persons from industry. Topics covered in the Reference Work include: - Nano- Microfabrication Processes and Materials for Fabrication - Nanoscale Measurement Techniques - Nanostructures - Nanomaterials - Nanomechanics - Molecular Modeling and Its Role in Advancing Nanotechnology - MEMS/NEMS - Microfluidics and Nanofluidics - Biomedical Engineering and Biodevices - Bio/Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine - Bio/Nanotechnology for cellular engineering - Drug Delivery – Technology and Applications - Assembly - Organic Electronics - Nano-optical Devices - Micro/nano Integration - Materials, Coatings and Surface Treatments for Nanotribology - Micro/NanoReliability – thermal, mechanical etc. - Biomimetics


Optical Properties and Spectroscopy of Nanomaterials

Optical Properties and Spectroscopy of Nanomaterials
Author: Jin Z. Zhang
Publisher: World Scientific Publishing Company
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2009
Genre: Nanostructured materials
ISBN: 9789812836656

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1. Introduction -- 2. Spectroscopic techniques for studying optical properties of nanomaterials. 2.1. UV-visible electronic absorption spectroscopy. 2.2. Photoluminescence and electroluminescence spectroscopy. 2.3. Infrared (IR) and Raman vibrational spectroscopy. 2.4. Time-resolved optical spectroscopy. 2.5. Nonlinear optical spectroscopy : harmonic generation and up-conversion. 2.6. Single nanoparticle and single molecule spectroscopy. 2.7. Dynamic light scattering (DLS). 2.8. Summary -- 3. Other experimental techniques : electron microscopy and X-ray. 3.1. Microscopy : AFM, STM, SEM and TEM. 3.2. X-ray : XRD, XPS, and XAFS, SAXS. 3.3. Electrochemistry and photoelectrochemistry. 3.4. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electron spin resonance (ESR). 3.5. Summary -- 4. Synthesis and fabrication of nanomaterials. 4.1. Solution chemical methods. 4.2. Gas or vapor-based methods of synthesis : CVD, MOCVD and MBE. 4.3. Nanolithography techniques. 4.4. Bioconjugation. 4.5. Toxicity and green chemistry approaches for synthesis. 4.6. Summary -- Optical properties of semiconductor nanomaterials. 5.1. Some basic concepts about semiconductors. 5.2. Energy levels and density of states in reduced dimension systems. 5.3. Electronic structure and electronic properties. 5.4. Optical properties of semiconductor nanomaterials. 5.5. Doped semiconductors : absorption and luminescence. 5.6. Nonlinear optical properties. 5.7. Optical properties of single particles. 5.8. Summary -- 6. Optical properties of metal oxide nanomaterials. 6.1. Optical absorption. 6.2. Optical emission. 6.3. Other optical properties : doped and sensitized metal oxides. 6.4. Nonlinear optical properties : luminescence up-conversion (LUC). 6.5. Summary -- 7. Optical properties of metal nanomaterials. 7.1. Strong absorption and lack of photoemission. 7.2. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR). 7.3. Correlation between structure and SPR : a theoretical perspective. 7.4. Surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). 7.5. Summary -- 8. Optical properties of composite nanostructures. 8.1. Inorganic semiconductor-insulator and semiconductor-semiconductor. 8.2. Inorganic metal-insulator. 8.3. Inorganic semiconductor-metal. 8.4. Inorganic-organic (polymer). 8.5. Inorganic-biological materials. 8.6. Summary -- 9. Charge carrier dynamics in nanomaterials. 9.1. Experimental techniques for dynamics studies in nanomaterials. 9.2. Electron and photon relaxation dynamics in metal nanomaterials. 9.3. Charge carrier dynamics in semiconductor nanomaterials. 9.4. Charge carrier dynamics in metal oxide and insulator nanomaterials. 9.5. Photoinduced charge transfer dynamics. 9.6. Summary -- 10. Applications of optical properties of nanomaterials. 10.1. Chemical and biomedical detection, imaging and therapy. 10.2. Energy conversion : PV and PEC. 10.3. Environmental protection : photocatalytic and photochemical reactions. 10.4. Lasers, LEDs, and solid state lighting. 10.5. Optical filters : photonic bandgap materials or photonic crystals. 10.6. Summary


Applications of Nanomaterials

Applications of Nanomaterials
Author: Sabu Thomas
Publisher: Woodhead Publishing
Total Pages: 490
Release: 2018-06-29
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0081019726

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Applications of Nanomaterials: Advances and Key Technologies discusses the latest advancements in the synthesis of various types of nanomaterials. The book's main objective is to provide a comprehensive review regarding the latest advances in synthesis protocols that includes up-to-date data records on the synthesis of all kinds of inorganic nanostructures using various physical and chemical methods. The synthesis of all important nanomaterials, such as carbon nanostructures, Core-shell Quantum dots, Metal and metal oxide nanostructures, Nanoferrites, polymer nanostructures, nanofibers, and smart nanomaterials are discussed, making this a one-stop reference resource on research accomplishments in this area. Leading researchers from industry, academia, government and private research institutions across the globe have contributed to the book. Academics, researchers, scientists, engineers and students working in the field of polymer nanocomposites will benefit from its solutions for material problems. Provides an up-to-date data record on the synthesis of all kinds of organic and inorganic nanostructures using various physical and chemical methods Presents the latest advances in synthesis protocols Includes the latest techniques used in the physical and chemical characterization of nanomaterials Covers the characterization of all the important materials groups, such as carbon nanostructures, core-shell quantum dots, metal and metal oxide nanostructures, nanoferrites, polymer nanostructures and nanofibers