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| Author | : Günther Bauer |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 446 |
| Release | : 2012-12-06 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 3642796788 |
Download Optical Characterization of Epitaxial Semiconductor Layers Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The characterization of epitaxial layers and their surfaces has benefitted a lot from the enormous progress of optical analysis techniques during the last decade. In particular, the dramatic improvement of the structural quality of semiconductor epilayers and heterostructures results to a great deal from the level of sophistication achieved with such analysis techniques. First of all, optical techniques are nondestructive and their sensitivity has been improved to such an extent that nowadays the epilayer analysis can be performed on layers with thicknesses on the atomic scale. Furthermore, the spatial and temporal resolution have been pushed to such limits that real time observation of surface processes during epitaxial growth is possible with techniques like reflectance difference spectroscopy. Of course, optical spectroscopies complement techniques based on the inter action of electrons with matter, but whereas the latter usually require high or ultrahigh vacuum conditions, the former ones can be applied in different environments as well. This advantage could turn out extremely important for a rather technological point of view, i.e. for the surveillance of modern semiconductor processes. Despite the large potential of techniques based on the interaction of electromagnetic waves with surfaces and epilayers, optical techniques are apparently moving only slowly into this area of technology. One reason for this might be that some prejudices still exist regarding their sensitivity.
| Author | : Henry Kressel |
| Publisher | : Elsevier Science & Technology |
| Total Pages | : 236 |
| Release | : 1976 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : |
Download Characterization of Epitaxial Semiconductor Films Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
| Author | : John E. Ayers |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 356 |
| Release | : 2018-10-08 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 135183780X |
Download Heteroepitaxy of Semiconductors Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Heteroepitaxy has evolved rapidly in recent years. With each new wave of material/substrate combinations, our understanding of how to control crystal growth becomes more refined. Most books on the subject focus on a specific material or material family, narrowly explaining the processes and techniques appropriate for each. Surveying the principles common to all types of semiconductor materials, Heteroepitaxy of Semiconductors: Theory, Growth, and Characterization is the first comprehensive, fundamental introduction to the field. This book reflects our current understanding of nucleation, growth modes, relaxation of strained layers, and dislocation dynamics without emphasizing any particular material. Following an overview of the properties of semiconductors, the author introduces the important heteroepitaxial growth methods and provides a survey of semiconductor crystal surfaces, their structures, and nucleation. With this foundation, the book provides in-depth descriptions of mismatched heteroepitaxy and lattice strain relaxation, various characterization tools used to monitor and evaluate the growth process, and finally, defect engineering approaches. Numerous examples highlight the concepts while extensive micrographs, schematics of experimental setups, and graphs illustrate the discussion. Serving as a solid starting point for this rapidly evolving area, Heteroepitaxy of Semiconductors: Theory, Growth, and Characterization makes the principles of heteroepitaxy easily accessible to anyone preparing to enter the field.
| Author | : O. D. Hunderi |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2000 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Download Optical Characterization of Semiconductor Layers and Surfaces Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
| Author | : Ted Wangensteen |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 4 |
| Release | : 1997 |
| Genre | : Epitaxy |
| ISBN | : |
Download Optical Characterization of Epitaxial Ga(x)In(1-x)As Suitable for Thermophotovoltaic (TPV) Converters Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
| Author | : O. J. Glembocki |
| Publisher | : SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering |
| Total Pages | : 296 |
| Release | : 1987 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : |
Download Modern Optical Characterization Techniques for Semiconductors and Semiconductor Devices Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
| Author | : Udo W. Pohl |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 546 |
| Release | : 2020-07-20 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 3030438694 |
Download Epitaxy of Semiconductors Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The extended and revised edition of this textbook provides essential information for a comprehensive upper-level graduate course on the crystalline growth of semiconductor heterostructures. Heteroepitaxy is the basis of today’s advanced electronic and optoelectronic devices, and it is considered one of the most important fields in materials research and nanotechnology. The book discusses the structural and electronic properties of strained epitaxial layers, the thermodynamics and kinetics of layer growth, and it describes the major growth techniques: metalorganic vapor-phase epitaxy, molecular-beam epitaxy, and liquid-phase epitaxy. It also examines in detail cubic and hexagonal semiconductors, strain relaxation by misfit dislocations, strain and confinement effects on electronic states, surface structures, and processes during nucleation and growth. Requiring only minimal knowledge of solid-state physics, it provides natural sciences, materials science and electrical engineering students and their lecturers elementary introductions to the theory and practice of epitaxial growth, supported by references and over 300 detailed illustrations. In this second edition, many topics have been extended and treated in more detail, e.g. in situ growth monitoring, application of surfactants, properties of dislocations and defects in organic crystals, and special growth techniques like vapor-liquid-solid growth of nanowires and selective-area epitaxy.
| Author | : Robert E. Green |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 898 |
| Release | : 2003-06-18 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 9783540401544 |
Download Nondestructive Characterization of Materials XI Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The papers published in these proceedings represent the latest developments in Nondestructive Characterization of Materials and were presented at the Eleventh International Symposium on Nondestructive Characterization of Materials held in June 24-28, 2002 in Berlin, Germany.
| Author | : W. E. Quinn |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 4 |
| Release | : 1992 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Download In Situ Optical Characterization and Control of Epitaxial III-V Crystal Growth Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Device designers are placing new demands on crystal growers by requesting increasingly complex structures with more stringent constraints on composition, layer thickness and interface abruptness. Post growth analysis is no longer sufficient to meet these constraints and efforts are now underway to develop real lime methods of monitoring and controlling crystal growth. A number of diagnostic techniques are available for studying semiconductor surfaces during the growth process. Optical methods are preferred because they may be used at atmospheric pressure, in any transparent medium, and the photon flux is low so that the growth process is riot disturbed. However, optical techniques have a limited spectral range, and low surface sensitivity. Fortunately, the 1.5 to 6 eV energy range of quartz-optics systems contains most of the bonding-antibonding transitions for materials used in the growth of III-V semiconductors.
| Author | : Giovanni Agostini |
| Publisher | : Newnes |
| Total Pages | : 829 |
| Release | : 2013-04-11 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 044459549X |
Download Characterization of Semiconductor Heterostructures and Nanostructures Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Characterization of Semiconductor Heterostructures and Nanostructures is structured so that each chapter is devoted to a specific characterization technique used in the understanding of the properties (structural, physical, chemical, electrical etc..) of semiconductor quantum wells and superlattices. An additional chapter is devoted to ab initio modeling. The book has two basic aims. The first is educational, providing the basic concepts of each of the selected techniques with an approach understandable by advanced students in Physics, Chemistry, Material Science, Engineering, Nanotechnology. The second aim is to provide a selected set of examples from the recent literature of the TOP results obtained with the specific technique in understanding the properties of semiconductor heterostructures and nanostructures. Each chapter has this double structure: the first part devoted to explain the basic concepts, and the second to the discussion of the most peculiar and innovative examples. The topic of quantum wells, wires and dots should be seen as a pretext of applying top level characterization techniques in understanding the structural, electronic etc properties of matter at the nanometer (and even sub-nanometer) scale. In this respect it is an essential reference in the much broader, and extremely hot, field of Nanotechnology. Comprehensive collection of the most powerful characterization techniques for semiconductors heterostructures and nanostructures Most of the chapters are authored by scientists that are world-wide among the top-ten in publication ranking of the specific field Each chapter starts with a didactic introduction on the technique The second part of each chapters deals with a selection of top examples highlighting the power of the specific technique to analyse the properties of semiconductors heterostructures and nanostructures
