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On Results of the Reform in Ethiopia's Language and Education Policies

On Results of the Reform in Ethiopia's Language and Education Policies
Author: Catherine Griefenow-Mewis
Publisher: Otto Harrassowitz Verlag
Total Pages: 132
Release: 2009
Genre: Education and state
ISBN: 9783447058841

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This publication reflects the results of the Ethiopian education reform as well as the exceptional efforts that multiethnic Ethiopia undertakes in order to cope with the challenges arising from the population explosion. More than 55 per cent of the 77 million Ethiopians are under the age of 18 years. The great social and political changes started in Ethiopia at the beginning of the 1990s have resulted in the substitution of the educational system based on Amharic and English by one which uses a multilingual approach. According to the Ministry of Education 22 out of the 84 languages spoken in Ethiopia are now used as media of instruction in primary schools. The book presents the lectures delivered at the workshop "On the Results of the Reform in Ethiopia's Language and Education Policy" held at Addis Ababa University in April 2006 by Ethiopian education experts and a German research team. Their contribution has facilitated a subsumption into the historical context and has given insight into the analyses of the use of 8 Ethiopian languages in primary schools in different regions of the country.


The Oxford Handbook of Ethiopian Languages

The Oxford Handbook of Ethiopian Languages
Author: Ronny Meyer
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 1564
Release: 2023-05-04
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 0191044253

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This handbook provides a comprehensive account of the languages spoken in Ethiopia, exploring both their structures and features and their function and use in society. The first part of the volume provides background and general information relating to Ethiopian languages, including their demographic distribution and classification, language policy, scripts and writing, and language endangerment. Subsequent parts are dedicated to the four major language families in Ethiopia - Cushitic, Ethiosemitic, Nilo-Saharan, and Omotic - and contain studies of individual languages, with an initial introductory overview chapter in each part. Both major and less-documented languages are included, ranging from Amharic and Oromo to Zay, Gawwada, and Yemsa. The final part explores languages that are outside of those four families, namely Ethiopian Sign Language, Ethiopian English, and Arabic. With its international team of senior researchers and junior scholars, The Oxford Handbook of Ethiopian Languages will appeal to anyone interested in the languages of the region and in African linguistics more broadly.


The Roots and Fallouts of Haile Selassie's Educational Policy

The Roots and Fallouts of Haile Selassie's Educational Policy
Author: Messay Kebede
Publisher: DigiCat
Total Pages: 46
Release: 2022-05-29
Genre: Fiction
ISBN:

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This book attempts to assess the impacts of Haile Selassie's educational policy on Ethiopia's educated elite. This inquiry was inspired by the fact that the educated Ethiopian elite has played a negative role during and since the overthrow of Haile Selassie's regime. The further political and economic stagnation is also tied to the policies adopted by the educated elites. The author questions whether the reliance on the Westerns curriculums and teaching methods brought to the spread of the Marxist ideas in Ethiopia. Another question is about abandoning native Ethiopian educational legacy in education during the period in question.


Language Policy in Ethiopia

Language Policy in Ethiopia
Author: Mekonnen Alemu Gebre Yohannes
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 171
Release: 2021-03-22
Genre: Education
ISBN: 3030639045

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This book examines the interplay and tensions between hegemonic and counter-hegemonic language policy and processes in Tigray, a regional state of Ethiopia, in the period of pre- and post-1991. Viewing language use and language policy as dynamic social and ideological processes, the book presents Ethiopia as an example of language policy creation and implementation over time, in a highly volatile political context. The case of Ethiopia is unique in that different language policies and practices were put in place as the country’s leaders changed through political takeovers. Declared language policies were not always implemented, and those implemented were often protested. The book starts with an overview and review of language policy and planning, followed by a chapter on the history of such planning in Ethiopia. It then presents the methodology used for the study, and examines the appropriation of hegemonic LPP, patterns of resistance, schools and public sites as centers of resistance, and the emergence and development of specific patterns of language use in different regions of the country. The book ends with recommendations for future research, and draws the overall conclusion that since LPP is a dynamic and multilayered contextual process, official or de facto language policy is often undermined by overt or covert unofficial language policies, ideologies, mechanisms, and agents that result in different patterns of language use.


Bilingual Higher Education in the Legal Context

Bilingual Higher Education in the Legal Context
Author: Xabier Arzoz
Publisher: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers
Total Pages: 375
Release: 2012-02-17
Genre: Law
ISBN: 9004209255

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The aim of this book is to document the experiences of institutions and states that are implementing bilingual higher education policies in the legal context, to identify the different approaches and to suggest some of the likely areas for future theoretical development. It examines the role of higher education language policies (medium-of-instruction policies in higher education) in mediating the tension between on the one hand the centralizing forces of stated-mandated policies and globalisation and demands for language rights by ethnic and linguistic minorities on the other.


Language Policy of Education and National Identity in Ethiopia

Language Policy of Education and National Identity in Ethiopia
Author: Yirgalem Alemu
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Total Pages: 117
Release: 2019-10-17
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 3346038262

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Academic Paper from the year 2019 in the subject Speech Science / Linguistics, , language: English, abstract: This work has attempted to give an overview of how the language policy of the different regimes in Ethiopia has contributed to the sense of national identity. Although language is not the only factor that consolidates or weakens national identity, it plays a significant role. It is with this mine that the book is written. Different language-related policies and documents of the imperial, military and EPRDF regimes were closely investigated. Sections and statements in the policy pertaining to language use were considered as units of analysis. Furthermore, empirical and theoretical literature written in areas of language policy and national identity were consulted. The autoher also included his personal experiences as a university instructor and informal meetings held with people in different walks of life. The evidence obtained from the sources mentioned above reflects that the language policy used in Ethiopia is highly polarized: ranging from one language to all to no language to all. That is, the regimes before EPRDF dictate one language to be used as a tool of communication to all Ethiopians. On the other hand, the EPRDF regime emphasized local language and culture without (practically) giving any room for national communication. Both approaches contribute little to national identity formation. This book recommends that Ethiopians need to learn from other multilingual countries about language planning. Ethnocentric thinking that assumes one’s own language as superior to the other’s language should be avoided. Politicians also need to abstain from politicizing language (identity) and using it as a means of mobilizing support. This book recommends that bilingual/ multilingual education contributes a lot to Ethiopian national identity formation.


Schooling with Learning

Schooling with Learning
Author: Luke Chicoine
Publisher:
Total Pages: 97
Release: 2019
Genre:
ISBN:

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In developing regions, significant increases in primary school enrollment are often generated by large national level programs, which could simultaneously promote overcrowding and reductions in education quality. In a difference-in-differences framework, this paper exploits geographic variation in pre-reform levels of schooling and the timing of the policy changes in Ethiopia to examine the impact of both removing school fees and introducing mother tongue instruction in the early 1990s. The two reforms lead to a net increase of approximately 0.7 years of school. Further evidence suggests that the additional enrollment also led to an increase in literacy, knowledge of family planning material from newspapers and magazines, knowledge of HIV, and the likelihood of knowing a location for HIV testing. These increases occur without a concurrent increase in reading, suggesting an improved ability to identify and retain information. However, the positive returns were generated by the removal of school fees. The introduction of mother tongue instruction led to a reduction in schooling and had no impact on literacy; consequences that were most severe in regions that introduced the new language of instruction in a script that was rarely used prior to the reform.


The Idea of Development in Africa

The Idea of Development in Africa
Author: Corrie Decker
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 353
Release: 2020-10-29
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 110710369X

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An engaging history of how the idea of development has shaped Africa's past and present encounters with the West.


Politics and the Slavic Languages

Politics and the Slavic Languages
Author: Tomasz Kamusella
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 304
Release: 2021-06-17
Genre: History
ISBN: 1000395995

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During the last two centuries, ethnolinguistic nationalism has been the norm of nation building and state building in Central Europe. The number of recognized Slavic languages (in line with the normative political formula of language = nation = state) gradually tallied with the number of the Slavic nation-states, especially after the breakups of Czechoslovakia, the Soviet Union and Yugoslavia. But in the current age of borderless cyberspace, regional and minority Slavic languages are freely standardized and used, even when state authorities disapprove. As a result, since the turn of the 19th century, the number of Slavic languages has varied widely, from a single Slavic language to as many as 40. Through the story of Slavic languages, this timely book illustrates that decisions on what counts as a language are neither permanent nor stable, arguing that the politics of language is the politics in Central Europe. The monograph will prove to be an essential resource for scholars of linguistics and politics in Central Europe.