Observation And Experiment In The Natural And Social Sciences PDF Download
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| Author | : Maria Carla Galavotti |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 352 |
| Release | : 2006-04-18 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0306481235 |
Download Observation and Experiment in the Natural and Social Sciences Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This volume is a contribution to the ongoing debate on the distinction between a ‘context of justification’ and a ‘context of discovery’. It is meant for researchers and advanced students in philosophy of science, and for natural and social scientists interested in foundational topics. Spanning a wide range of disciplines, it combines the viewpoint of philosophers and scientists and casts a new interdisciplinary perspective on the problem of observation and experimentation.
| Author | : Anol Bhattacherjee |
| Publisher | : CreateSpace |
| Total Pages | : 156 |
| Release | : 2012-04-01 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9781475146127 |
Download Social Science Research Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This book is designed to introduce doctoral and graduate students to the process of conducting scientific research in the social sciences, business, education, public health, and related disciplines. It is a one-stop, comprehensive, and compact source for foundational concepts in behavioral research, and can serve as a stand-alone text or as a supplement to research readings in any doctoral seminar or research methods class. This book is currently used as a research text at universities on six continents and will shortly be available in nine different languages.
| Author | : Thad Dunning |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 379 |
| Release | : 2012-09-06 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1107017661 |
Download Natural Experiments in the Social Sciences Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The first comprehensive guide to natural experiments, providing an ideal introduction for scholars and students.
| Author | : Lorraine Daston |
| Publisher | : University of Chicago Press |
| Total Pages | : 473 |
| Release | : 2011-02 |
| Genre | : History |
| ISBN | : 0226136787 |
Download Histories of Scientific Observation Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Includes bibliographical referrences and index.
| Author | : David Gooding |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 504 |
| Release | : 1989-05-18 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9780521337687 |
Download The Uses of Experiment Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Renowned scholars in history, sociology, philosophy and anthropology consider seventeenth and twentieth century weapon testing, particle physics, biology and other topics in an account of important and often famous experiments.
| Author | : Wenceslao J. González |
| Publisher | : Netbiblo |
| Total Pages | : 218 |
| Release | : 2010-12-29 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 8497455304 |
Download New Methodological Perspectives on Observation and Experimentation in Science Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Observation and experimentation are central topics of philosophy and methodology of science. The empirical sciences have commonly been associated to observational and experimental processes, because they have been considered crucial for testing the contents of these. Thus, observation and experimentation have received attention from different angles, and they have been historically relevant in the advancement of science. Their philosophical-methodological analysis includes some key aspects those related to axiological, epistemological and methodological issues. New Methodological Perspectives on Observation and Experimentation in Science deals with a classic topic that is seen from new angles. Its nine chapters seek “non-traditional” aspects, trying to extend the boundaries of this philosophical-methodological theme. They are presented in five sections: 1) A Philosophical-Methodological Context; 2) Experience and Scientific Observations; 3) Empirical Support and Experiments in Science; 4) Changes in the Framework on Observation and Experimentation; and 5) Enlarging the Philosophical Scope: Law and Ecology. Wenceslao J. Gonzalez is Professor of Logic and Philosophy of Science (University of A Coruña). He is a Full Member of the International Academy for Philosophy of Sciences (AIPS), Visiting fellow at the Center for Philosophy of Science (University of Pittsburgh) and a Team Leader of the European Science Foundation program entitled “The Philosophy of Science in a European Perspective.” He has been named a Distinguished Researcher by the Main National University of San Marcos in Lima (Peru). He has been a visiting researcher at the Universities of St. Andrews, Münster and London (LSE). He has given lectures at the Universities of Pittsburgh, Stanford, Quebec and Helsinki. The conferences in which he has participated include those organized by the Universities of Uppsala, New South Wales, Bologna, Canterbury (NZ), and Beijing. He has edited 26 volumes on philosophy and methodology of science.
| Author | : D.C. Gooding |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 311 |
| Release | : 1994-12-31 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9780792332534 |
Download Experiment and the Making of Meaning Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
. . . the topic of 'meaning' is the one topic discussed in philosophy in which there is literally nothing but 'theory' - literally nothing that can be labelled or even ridiculed as the 'common sense view'. Putnam, 'The Meaning of Meaning' This book explores some truths behind the truism that experimentation is a hallmark of scientific activity. Scientists' descriptions of nature result from two sorts of encounter: they interact with each other and with nature. Philosophy of science has, by and large, failed to give an account of either sort of interaction. Philosophers typically imagine that scientists observe, theorize and experiment in order to produce general knowledge of natural laws, knowledge which can be applied to generate new theories and technologies. This view bifurcates the scientist's world into an empirical world of pre-articulate experience and know how and another world of talk, thought and argument. Most received philosophies of science focus so exclusively on the literary world of representations that they cannot begin to address the philosophical problems arising from the interaction of these worlds: empirical access as a source of knowledge, meaning and reference, and of course, realism. This has placed the epistemological burden entirely on the predictive role of experiment because, it is argued, testing predictions is all that could show that scientists' theorizing is constrained by nature. Here a purely literary approach contributes to its own demise. The epistemological significance of experiment turns out to be a theoretical matter: cruciality depends on argument, not experiment.
| Author | : James Jakób Liszka |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 508 |
| Release | : 1979 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Download Paradigms of Observation Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
| Author | : Paul Rosenbaum |
| Publisher | : Harvard University Press |
| Total Pages | : 395 |
| Release | : 2017-08-14 |
| Genre | : Mathematics |
| ISBN | : 0674983246 |
Download Observation and Experiment Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
A daily glass of wine prolongs life—yet alcohol can cause life-threatening cancer. Some say raising the minimum wage will decrease inequality while others say it increases unemployment. Scientists once confidently claimed that hormone replacement therapy reduced the risk of heart disease but now they equally confidently claim it raises that risk. What should we make of this endless barrage of conflicting claims? Observation and Experiment is an introduction to causal inference by one of the field’s leading scholars. An award-winning professor at Wharton, Paul Rosenbaum explains key concepts and methods through lively examples that make abstract principles accessible. He draws his examples from clinical medicine, economics, public health, epidemiology, clinical psychology, and psychiatry to explain how randomized control trials are conceived and designed, how they differ from observational studies, and what techniques are available to mitigate their bias. “Carefully and precisely written...reflecting superb statistical understanding, all communicated with the skill of a master teacher.” —Stephen M. Stigler, author of The Seven Pillars of Statistical Wisdom “An excellent introduction...Well-written and thoughtful...from one of causal inference’s noted experts.” —Journal of the American Statistical Association “Rosenbaum is a gifted expositor...an outstanding introduction to the topic for anyone who is interested in understanding the basic ideas and approaches to causal inference.” —Psychometrika “A very valuable contribution...Highly recommended.” —International Statistical Review
| Author | : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 257 |
| Release | : 2019-10-20 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0309486165 |
Download Reproducibility and Replicability in Science Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
One of the pathways by which the scientific community confirms the validity of a new scientific discovery is by repeating the research that produced it. When a scientific effort fails to independently confirm the computations or results of a previous study, some fear that it may be a symptom of a lack of rigor in science, while others argue that such an observed inconsistency can be an important precursor to new discovery. Concerns about reproducibility and replicability have been expressed in both scientific and popular media. As these concerns came to light, Congress requested that the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine conduct a study to assess the extent of issues related to reproducibility and replicability and to offer recommendations for improving rigor and transparency in scientific research. Reproducibility and Replicability in Science defines reproducibility and replicability and examines the factors that may lead to non-reproducibility and non-replicability in research. Unlike the typical expectation of reproducibility between two computations, expectations about replicability are more nuanced, and in some cases a lack of replicability can aid the process of scientific discovery. This report provides recommendations to researchers, academic institutions, journals, and funders on steps they can take to improve reproducibility and replicability in science.
