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Understanding Corporate Vulnerabilities in Latin America

Understanding Corporate Vulnerabilities in Latin America
Author: Carlos Caceres
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 34
Release: 2016-04-12
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1475525877

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This paper analyzes the potential risks and vulnerabilities of non-financial corporates in Latin America and Canada. We quantify the impact of company-specific, countryspecific, and global factors in driving corporate spreads. Overall, we found that all these factors play a role in explaining corporate risk. In particular, country specific factors such as exchange rate and sovereign CDS spreads are significantly associated with changes in corporate spreads, underscoring the importance of solid policy frameworks. We also find that global conditions, such as the VIX, are dominant drivers of corporate spreads. In recent years, the adverse effects from deteriorating domestic conditions have been broadly offset by relatively bening global financial conditions. However, a sustained reversal in these conditions would put significant pressure on corporate risk.


Exchange Rate Risk Management

Exchange Rate Risk Management
Author: George Allayannis
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Total Pages: 50
Release: 2001
Genre: Debts, External
ISBN:

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In a large sample of East Asian nonfinancial corporations, firms using foreign currency derivatives had distinctive characteristics, such as larger size and foreign debt exposures. Unlike in studies of U.S. firms, there was only weak evidence that liquidity-constrained firms with greater growth opportunities hedged more. Firms appeared to use foreign earnings as a substitute for hedging with derivatives, and to engage in "selective" hedging. There was no evidence that East Asian firms eliminated their foreign exchange exposure by using derivatives. And firms using derivatives before the crisis performed just as poorly as nonhedgers during the crisis.


Nonfinancial Firms in Latin America

Nonfinancial Firms in Latin America
Author: Ms.Maria Gonzalez
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 43
Release: 2012-11-29
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 147556841X

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We examine corporate sector vulnerabilities in Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Peru. First, we identify stylized facts based on corporate financial indicators. Second, we assess vulnerability of individual firms to a sudden stop in financing through a probit model, using a panel of 18 countries in 2000-11. Results suggest that higher leverage and maturity exposures raise a firm’s probability to become exposed to a funding shock, while a larger firm size and buffers reduce it. Further, greater exchange rate flexibility can help mitigate corporate vulnerability. Identification of firms at risk through the model suggests that some vulnerabilities may be building in Latin America led by leverage, currency exposures and moderating buffers. These effects are partially offset, however, by a significant reduction in maturity exposures.


Latin American Capital Flows

Latin American Capital Flows
Author: Group of Thirty
Publisher:
Total Pages: 158
Release: 1994
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN:

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Policy Instruments to Lean Against the Wind in Latin America

Policy Instruments to Lean Against the Wind in Latin America
Author: Mr.G. Terrier
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 113
Release: 2011-07-01
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1455297720

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This paper reviews policy tools that have been used and/or are available for policy makers in the region to lean against the wind and review relevant country experiences using them. The instruments examined include: (i) capital requirements, dynamic provisioning, and leverage ratios; (ii) liquidity requirements; (iii) debt-to-income ratios; (iv) loan-to-value ratios; (v) reserve requirements on bank liabilities (deposits and nondeposits); (vi) instruments to manage and limit systemic foreign exchange risk; and, finally, (vii) reserve requirements or taxes on capital inflows. Although the instruments analyzed are mainly microprudential in nature, appropriately calibrated over the financial cycle they may serve for macroprudential purposes.


Foreign Exchange Intervention in Inflation Targeters in Latin America

Foreign Exchange Intervention in Inflation Targeters in Latin America
Author: Mr.Marcos d Chamon
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 320
Release: 2019-02-28
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1484375688

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Foreign exchange intervention is widely used as a policy tool, particularly in emerging markets, but many facets of this tool remain limited, especially in the context of flexible exchange rate regimes. The Latin American experience can be informative because some of its largest countries adopted floating exchange rate regimes and inflation targeting while continuing to intervene in foreign exchange markets. This edited volume reviews detailed accounts from several Latin American countries’ central banks, and it provides insight into how and with what aim many interventions were decided and implemented. This book documents the effectiveness of intervention and pays special attention to the role of foreign exchange intervention policy within inflation-targeting monetary frameworks. The main lesson from Latin America’s foreign exchange interventions, in the context of inflation targeting, is that the region has had a considerable degree of success. Transparency and a clear communication policy have been key. For economies that are not highly dollarized, rules-based intervention helped contain financial instability and build international reserves while preserving inflation targets. The Latin American experience can help other countries in the design and implementation of their policies.


Exchange Rate Politics in Latin America

Exchange Rate Politics in Latin America
Author: Carol Wise
Publisher:
Total Pages: 200
Release: 2000
Genre: Foreign exchange rates
ISBN:

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This study examines the politics of exchange rate management in Latin American nations. Using solid comparative analysis, the text ties together the Mexican peso crash, Brazil's currency crisis, Argentina's maintenance of a currency board, and Venezuelan policy responces to the shocks of 1997-98.