New Permafrost and Glacier Research
| Author | : Max I. Krugger |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 312 |
| Release | : 2009 |
| Genre | : Frozen ground |
| ISBN | : 9781616685744 |
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New Permafrost and Glacier Research
| Author | : Max I. Krugger |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 332 |
| Release | : 2009 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : |
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In geology, permafrost or permafrost soil is soil at or below the freezing point of water (0 °C or 32 °F) for two or more years. Ice is not always present, as may be in the case of nonporous bedrock, but it frequently occurs and it may be in amounts exceeding the potential hydraulic saturation of the ground material. Most permafrost is located in high latitudes (i.e. land in close proximity to the North and South poles), but alpine permafrost may exist at high altitudes in much lower latitudes. The extent of permafrost can vary as the climate changes. Today, approximately 20% of the Earth's land mass is covered by permafrost (including discontinuous permafrost) or glacial ice. A glacier is a large, slow-moving mass of ice, formed from compacted layers of snow, that slowly deforms and flows in response to gravity and high pressure. The word glacier comes from French via the Vulgar Latin glacia, and ultimately from Latin glacies meaning ice. Glacier ice is the largest reservoir of fresh water on Earth, and second only to oceans as the largest reservoir of total water. Glaciers cover vast areas of polar regions, are found in mountain ranges of every continent, and are restricted to the highest mountains in the tropics. The processes and landforms caused by glaciers and related to them are referred to as glacial. The process of glacier growth and establishment is called glaciation. Glaciers are sensitive monitors of climate conditions and are crucial to both world water resources and sea level variation. This book presents the latest research on both permafrost and glaciers.
Glacier-Permafrost Interactions
| Author | : Richard I. Waller |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 325 |
| Release | : 2024-07-01 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1118620984 |
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Glacier-Permafrost Interactions A systematic exploration of the interactions between glaciers and permafrost In Glacier-Permafrost Interactions, experienced glaciologist Richard I. Waller delivers a comprehensive discussion of the interactions between glaciers and permafrost. The book is highly relevant to contemporary debates regarding ongoing recession of glaciers and the degradation of permafrost in the face of global warming. By integrating modern-era observations with findings from Quaternary science, this book demonstrates how glaciers and permafrost can interact and behave as an integrated system. This summary of the current thinking and emerging research on glacier-permafrost interaction also provides: Comprehensive discussions of permafrost in modern and ancient glacial environments A focused review of the distinctive characteristics of glaciers found in permafrost environments An integrated overview of the nature and impacts of glacier-permafrost interactions on the hydrology and dynamic behaviour of glaciers and their landscape expression A survey of current research efforts and future directions in the field Lying at the boundary between a research monograph and an advanced textbook, Glacier-Permafrost Interactions contributes to the future development of this rapidly evolving field by incorporating new approaches and ideas while still offering a summary of the current state of knowledge. It is perfect for advanced undergraduate students, postgraduate students, researchers, and professionals with an interest in polar and alpine environments.
Cryospheric Systems
| Author | : Geological Society of London |
| Publisher | : Geological Society of London |
| Total Pages | : 174 |
| Release | : 2005 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9781862391758 |
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The introduction of the term periglacial by Lozinski in 1909 to describe the cold-climate conditions in the zone adjacent to, but beyond, the Pleistocene glaciers encouraged the separate development of geocryological and glaciological research. Geological and geomorphological processes at the interface between glaciers and permafrost have, as a result, been given less attention than they warrant, and the influence of one on the other has in many respects been neglected. This book includes a collection of papers that emphasize glacier-permafrost interactions. Papers consider permafrost and its influence on glacitectonic processes, glacial meltwater systems and ground-ice development in proglacial and ice-marginal environments. In addition, recent research findings are reported on paraglacial processes, permafrost evolution, rock glaciers, the formation of ice-wedge casts and periglacial slope evolution. It is hoped that this book will stimulate interest in the interface between glacial and periglacial systems, and encourage further collaborative research involving glaciologists and glacial geologists on the one hand, and geocryologists and permafrost scientists on the other.
Vanishing Ice
| Author | : Vivien Gornitz |
| Publisher | : Columbia University Press |
| Total Pages | : 364 |
| Release | : 2019-06-11 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0231548893 |
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The Arctic is thawing. In summer, cruise ships sail through the once ice-clogged Northwest Passage, lakes form on top of the Greenland Ice Sheet, and polar bears swim farther and farther in search of waning ice floes. At the opposite end of the world, floating Antarctic ice shelves are shrinking. Mountain glaciers are in retreat worldwide, unleashing flash floods and avalanches. We are on thin ice—and with melting permafrost’s potential to let loose still more greenhouse gases, these changes may be just the beginning. Vanishing Ice is a powerful depiction of the dramatic transformation of the cryosphere—the world of ice and snow—and its consequences for the human world. Delving into the major components of the cryosphere, including ice sheets, valley glaciers, permafrost, and floating ice, Vivien Gornitz gives an up-to-date explanation of key current trends in the decline of ice mass. Drawing on a long-term perspective gained by examining changes in the cryosphere and corresponding variations in sea level over millions of years, she demonstrates the link between thawing ice and sea-level rise to point to the social and economic challenges on the horizon. Gornitz highlights the widespread repercussions of ice loss, which will affect countless people far removed from frozen regions, to explain why the big meltdown matters to us all. Written for all readers and students interested in the science of our changing climate, Vanishing Ice is an accessible and lucid warning of the coming thaw.
Global Change and Mountain Regions
| Author | : Uli M. Huber |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 642 |
| Release | : 2006-03-09 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 140203508X |
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This book gives an overview of the state of research in fields pertaining to the detection, understanding and prediction of global change impacts in mountain regions. More than sixty contributions from paleoclimatology, cryospheric research, hydrology, ecology, and development studies are compiled in this volume, each with an outlook on future research directions. The book will interest meteorologists, geologists, botanists and climatologists.
The Global Cryosphere
| Author | : Roger G. Barry |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 624 |
| Release | : 2022-05-05 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1108806708 |
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Recent studies indicate that - due to climate change - the Earth is undergoing rapid changes in all cryospheric components, including polar sea ice shrinkage, mountain glacier recession, thawing permafrost, and diminishing snow cover. This book provides a comprehensive summary of all components of the Earth's cryosphere, reviewing their history, physical and chemical characteristics, geographical distributions, and projected future states. This new edition has been completely updated throughout, and provides state-of-the-art data from GlobSnow-2 CRYOSAT, ICESAT, and GRACE. It includes a comprehensive summary of cryospheric changes in land ice, permafrost, freshwater ice, sea ice, and ice sheets. It discusses the models developed to understand cryosphere processes and predict future changes, including those based on remote sensing, field campaigns, and long-term ground observations. Boasting an extensive bibliography, over 120 figures, and end-of-chapter review questions, it is an ideal resource for students and researchers of the cryosphere.
The Cryosphere
| Author | : Shawn Marshall |
| Publisher | : Princeton University Press |
| Total Pages | : 304 |
| Release | : 2012 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0691145261 |
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The cryosphere encompasses the Earth's snow and ice masses. It is a critical part of our planet's climate system, one that is especially at risk from climate change and global warming. The Cryosphere provides an essential introduction to the subject, written by one of the world's leading experts in Earth-system science. In this primer, glaciologist Shawn Marshall introduces readers to the cryosphere and the broader role it plays in our global climate system. After giving a concise overview, he fully explains each component of the cryosphere and how it works--seasonal snow, permafrost, river and lake ice, sea ice, glaciers, ice sheets, and ice shelves. Marshall describes how snow and ice interact with our atmosphere and oceans and how they influence climate, sea level, and ocean circulation. He looks at the cryosphere's role in past ice ages and considers the changing cryosphere's future impact on our landscape, oceans, and climate. Accessible and authoritative, this primer also features a glossary of key terms, suggestions for further reading, explanations of equations, and a discussion of open research questions in the field.
Encyclopedia of Snow, Ice and Glaciers
| Author | : Vijay P. Singh |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 1301 |
| Release | : 2011-06-29 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9048126428 |
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The earth’s cryosphere, which includes snow, glaciers, ice caps, ice sheets, ice shelves, sea ice, river and lake ice, and permafrost, contains about 75% of the earth’s fresh water. It exists at almost all latitudes, from the tropics to the poles, and plays a vital role in controlling the global climate system. It also provides direct visible evidence of the effect of climate change, and, therefore, requires proper understanding of its complex dynamics. This encyclopedia mainly focuses on the various aspects of snow, ice and glaciers, but also covers other cryospheric branches, and provides up-to-date information and basic concepts on relevant topics. It includes alphabetically arranged and professionally written, comprehensive and authoritative academic articles by well-known international experts in individual fields. The encyclopedia contains a broad spectrum of topics, ranging from the atmospheric processes responsible for snow formation; transformation of snow to ice and changes in their properties; classification of ice and glaciers and their worldwide distribution; glaciation and ice ages; glacier dynamics; glacier surface and subsurface characteristics; geomorphic processes and landscape formation; hydrology and sedimentary systems; permafrost degradation; hazards caused by cryospheric changes; and trends of glacier retreat on the global scale along with the impact of climate change. This book can serve as a source of reference at the undergraduate and graduate level and help to better understand snow, ice and glaciers. It will also be an indispensable tool containing specialized literature for geologists, geographers, climatologists, hydrologists, and water resources engineers; as well as for those who are engaged in the practice of agricultural and civil engineering, earth sciences, environmental sciences and engineering, ecosystem management, and other relevant subjects.
Research Paper - Snow, Ice and Permafrost Research Establishment
| Author | : Snow, Ice and Permafrost Research Establishment |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 194 |
| Release | : 1956 |
| Genre | : Frozen ground |
| ISBN | : |
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