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National Regeneration in Vichy France

National Regeneration in Vichy France
Author: Debbie Lackerstein
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 278
Release: 2016-04-22
Genre: History
ISBN: 1317089987

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The creators of the Vichy regime did not intend merely to shield France from the worst effects of military defeat and occupation; rather the leaders of Vichy were inspired by a will to regenerate France, to establish an authoritarian new order that would repair the degenerative effects of parliamentary democracy and liberal society. Their plan to effect this change took the form of a far-reaching programme they called the National Revolution. This is the first study of the National Revolution as the expression of Vichy's ideology and aims. It reveals the variety and complexity of both right wing and other strands of French thought in the context of the turbulent years of the 1930s - when Vichy's history really begins - and under the Occupation, when internal rivalries and divisions, as well as the pressures of war, doomed Vichy's programme of national regeneration. The book is structured around a consideration of the rhetoric of right-wing ideology and such key catchwords as 'decadence', 'action', 'order', 'realism' and 'new man', and shows how these phrases only served to mask the political and ideological incoherence of the Vichy government.


National Regeneration in Vichy France

National Regeneration in Vichy France
Author: Debbie Lackerstein
Publisher:
Total Pages: 728
Release: 2005
Genre: France
ISBN:

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This thesis analyses plans for national regeneration in Vichy France through ideals that inspired them and the forces that shaped them during the 1930s and under the German Occupation. The thesis argues that Vichy's National Revolution was a complex mixture of reform agendas that cannot be understood as a single programme or coherent philosophy. Neverthless, the National Revolution had ambitious aims to build a new political culture, reshape economic and power structures, change the pattern of social order and redefine French national identity; aims that reveal important continuities in French political and intellectual history. The thesis shows that, both before and after the defeat of 1940, the language of regeneration was a unifying force for the right and gave the impression of consensus, especially in times of crisis.


Vichy's New Man

Vichy's New Man
Author: Michael Ryan Gerber
Publisher:
Total Pages: 78
Release: 2018
Genre: Education
ISBN:

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France fell to Nazi Germany in June 1940. Vichy, the collaborationist, right-wing regime that arose following France's capitulation, believed defeat resulted from a decadent social and political culture, whose origins resided in the republican values of liberty, equality, and fraternity. Headed by Marshal Philippe Petain, the Vichy regime rejected republicanism and pursued a utopian vision to fundamentally remake France, beginning with French men. While some historians have explored Vichy's hopes of making a so-called New Man, relatively few have considered the means by which Vichy strove to make its New Man a living, breathing reality. This thesis draws upon school textbooks published by the Vichy regime to show how national regeneration and historical revisionism in French education worked hand in hand to bring Vichy's New Man to life, one child at a time.


The Town of Vichy and the Politics of Identity

The Town of Vichy and the Politics of Identity
Author: Kirrily Freeman
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 149
Release: 2022-01-31
Genre: History
ISBN: 3030931978

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This book explores the contours of civic identity in the town of Vichy, France. Over the course of its history, Vichy has been known for three things: its thermal spa resort; its products (especially Vichy water and Vichy cosmetics); and its role in hosting the État Français, France’s collaborationist government in the Second World War. This last association has become an obsession for the residents of Vichy, who feel stigmatized and victimized by the widespread habit of referring to France’s wartime government as the 'Vichy regime'. This book argues that the stigma, victimhood, and decline suffered by Vichyssois are best understood by placing Vichy’s politics of identity in a broader historical context that considers corporate, as well as social and cultural, history.


France 1940

France 1940
Author: Philip Nord
Publisher: Yale University Press
Total Pages: 209
Release: 2015-03-01
Genre: Juvenile Nonfiction
ISBN: 0300190689

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In this revisionist account of France’s crushing defeat in 1940, a world authority on French history argues that the nation’s downfall has long been misunderstood. Philip Nord assesses France’s diplomatic and military preparations for war with Germany, its conduct of the war once the fighting began, and the political consequences of defeat on the battlefield. He also tracks attitudes among French leaders once defeat seemed a likelihood, identifying who among them took advantage of the nation’s misfortunes to sabotage democratic institutions and plot an authoritarian way forward. Nord finds that the longstanding view that France’s collapse was due to military unpreparedeness and a decadent national character is unsupported by fact. Instead, he reveals that the Third Republic was no worse prepared and its military failings no less dramatic than those of the United States and other Allies in the early years of the war. What was unique in France was the betrayal by military and political elites who abandoned the Republic and supported the reprehensible Vichy takeover. Why then have historians and politicians ever since interpreted the defeat as a judgment on the nation as a whole? Why has the focus been on the failings of the Third Republic and not on elite betrayal? The author examines these questions in a fascinating conclusion.


Forging Europe: Industrial Organisation in France, 1940–1952

Forging Europe: Industrial Organisation in France, 1940–1952
Author: Luc-André Brunet
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 296
Release: 2017-06-08
Genre: History
ISBN: 1349951986

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This book is a detailed and original look at the radical reorganisation of French heavy industry in the turbulent period between the establishment of the Vichy regime in 1940 and the creation of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC), the forerunner to the European Union, in 1952. By studying institutions ranging from Vichy’s Organisation Committees to Jean Monnet’s Commissariat Général du Plan (CGP), Luc-André Brunet challenges existing narratives and reveals significant continuities from Vichy to post-war initiatives such as the Monnet Plan and the ECSC. Based on extensive multi-archival research, this book sheds important new light on economic collaboration and resistance in Vichy, the post-war revival of the French economy, and the origins of European integration.


Sport and physical culture in Occupied France

Sport and physical culture in Occupied France
Author: Keith Rathbone
Publisher: Manchester University Press
Total Pages: 203
Release: 2022-02-08
Genre: History
ISBN: 1526153270

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Sport and physical culture in Occupied France examines the Vichy state’s attempts to promote physical education and sports in order to rejuvenate French men and women during the Occupation. Through this cultural lens, it illuminates the central paradox of state power during the Vichy Regime. The state organised a centralised physical cultural programme meant to control and discipline French men and women. However, these activities instead empowered individuals and sporting associations to create spaces for individual expression, protect entrenched business enterprises, preserve republican institutions and organise sites for mutual aid and assistance. Based on extensive archival research, this innovative, multi-city analysis demonstrates how French sporting federations, associations and athletes appropriated Vichy’s physical education directives to reshape the ideology of the state and serve their own local agendas.


Vichy's Double Bind

Vichy's Double Bind
Author: Karine Varley
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 225
Release: 2023-05-31
Genre: History
ISBN: 1009368303

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Vichy's Double Bind advances a significant new interpretation of French collaboration during the Second World War. Arguing that the path to collaboration involved not merely Nazi Germany but Fascist Italy, it suggests that the Vichy French government was caught in a double bind. On the one hand, many of the threats to France's territory, colonial empire and power came from Rome as well as Berlin. On the other, Vichy was caught between the irreconcilable yet inescapable positions of the two Axis governments. Unable to resolve the conflict, Vichy sought to play the two Axis powers against each other. By exploring French dealings with Italy at diplomatic, military and local levels in France and its colonial empire, this book reveals the multi-dimensional and multi-directional nature of Vichy's policy. It therefore challenges many enduring conceptions of collaboration with reference to Franco-German relations and offers a fresh perspective on debates about Vichy France and collaboration with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy.


The Routledge History of the Second World War

The Routledge History of the Second World War
Author: Paul R. Bartrop
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 866
Release: 2021-11-08
Genre: History
ISBN: 0429848471

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The Routledge History of the Second World War sums up the latest trends in the scholarship of that conflict, covering a range of major themes and issues. The book delivers a thematic analysis of the many ways in which study of the Second World War can take place, considering international, transnational, and global approaches, and serves as a major jumping off point for further research into the specific fields covered by each of the expert authors. It demonstrates the global and total nature of the Second World War, giving due coverage to the conflict in all major theatres and through the lens of the key combatants and neutrals, examines issues of race, gender, ideology, and society during the war, and functions as a textbook to educate students as to the trends that have taken place in how the conflict has been (and can be) interpreted in the modern world. Divided into twelve parts that cover central themes of the conflict, including theatres of war, leadership, societies, occupation, secrecy and legacies, it enables those with no memory of war to approach it with a view to comprehending what it was all about and places the history of this conflict into a context that is international, transnational, and institutional. This is a comprehensive and accessible reference volume for anyone interested in the most up to date scholarship on this major conflict. Chapter 18 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com


The Conservative Human Rights Revolution

The Conservative Human Rights Revolution
Author: Marco Duranti
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 529
Release: 2017
Genre: History
ISBN: 0199811385

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This book reconsiders the origins of the European human rights system, arguing that its conservative inventors, foremost among them Winston Churchill, conceived of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) as a means of realizing a controversial political agenda and advancing a Christian vision of European identity.