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Multilingualism Within Nation States and the Danger of Separation

Multilingualism Within Nation States and the Danger of Separation
Author: Gordon Wagner
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Total Pages: 29
Release: 2011-05
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 364090964X
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Seminar paper from the year 2011 in the subject Politics - International Politics - Topic: European Union, grade: 1,0, European University Viadrina Frankfurt (Oder), course: Language and Identity, language: English, abstract: Worldwide, there are almost 6,800 languages in 228 countries and approximately 200 languages that have more than one million native speakers. There are even less official nation states existing, according to various sources between 192 and 195. Obviously, not every single country or nation state exclusively contains citizens speaking only one language and we don't need to seek out long, but instead take a look to member states of the European Union (EU) as there are countries like Belgium, Luxembourg and Ireland that are officially tri- and/or bilingual. On one hand, this suggests the existence of a considerately strong movement of native speakers among the respective country's citizens that are not willing to accept merely one mother language (as is the case in Ireland, where both Irish and English are officially recognized idioms). On the other hand, it might indicate the existence of a potential language conflict situation - and indeed there are multilingual nation states in which this proves to be the case. There are many such examples throughout the world, e.g. Belgium, Spain and its various autonomous communities) or the Canadian province Québec. In fact, established nation states are threatened to break in part due to their citizens speaking utterly different languages and instead of just one with varying accents and/or dialects. So how do countries deal with these issues? What are the possible consequences of using more than one official language among an established nation state and how might this shape the citizens' perception and consciousness on a wider range?

Language, Nation and State

Language, Nation and State
Author: T. Judt
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 260
Release: 2004-10-14
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1403982457
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This edited collection examines the role that language has played in forming modern European nations. With language an omnipresent issue within the European Union, the importance languages have played within the histories and present situations of member nations is a crucial topic. Drawing on an international cast of contributors, the book explores the issues of monolingualism vs. plurilingualism within individual nations, the revival of languages in nations such as former soviet republics, and concludes with a look at language in the electronic age.

Language, Nations, and Multilingualism

Language, Nations, and Multilingualism
Author: Ying-Ying Tan
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 274
Release: 2020-12-30
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 0429838123
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Language, Nations, and Multilingualism explores the legacy of Herder’s ideas about the relationship between language and nationalism in the post-colonial world. Focusing on how anti-colonial and post-colonial nations reconcile their myriad multilingualisms with the Herderian model of one language-one nation, it shows how Herder’s model is both attractive and problematic for such nations. Why then does the Herderian model have such valency? How has the Herderian ideal of one nation-one language continued to survive beneath the uncomfortable resolution struck by new multilingual nations as they create fictions of a singular national mother tongue? To what extent is Herder still relevant in our contemporary world? How have different nations negotiated the Herderian ideal in different ways? What does the way in which multilingual post-colonial nations deal with this crisis tell us about a possible alternative framework for understanding the relationship between language and nation? By approaching this investigation from diverse archives across Asia, Africa, Europe, Latin America, and the Caribbean, Language, Nations, and Multilingualism proposes answers to the aforementioned questions from a global perspective that takes into account the specificities of a range of colonial experiences and political regimes. And by extending the discussion backwards in time to offer a more historical reading of the making of modern nations, it allows us to see how multilingualism has always disrupted constructions of monoglot nations.

Multilingualism and Nation Building

Multilingualism and Nation Building
Author: Gerda Mansour
Publisher: Multilingual Matters Limited
Total Pages: 168
Release: 1993
Genre: Family & Relationships
ISBN:
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The immediate concern of Multilingualism and Nation Building is to relate the phenomenon of multilingualism in West Africa to its historical, social and physical environment and to trace the development of the sociolinguistic situation from the Middle Ages to the colonial and post-colonial period. At a deeper, theoretical level the author attempts to show how the two types of communication -- monolingual and multilingual -- were associated with specific social formations in the course of socio-historical evolution. This perspective leads to a new evaluation of current sociolinguistic phenomena in independent African nations and examines their approach to the question of what role their native languages should play in national life. While concrete answers to this question have to be left to policy makers, it is the aim of this book to inquire into the linguistic, social and political issues which result in a variety of possible solutions. So far the decision to maintain a non-native official language and to exclude native languages from the public domain has been the preferred option in many newly independent countries. The author therefore analyses concrete examples of the two basic models of nation building -- the assimilationist (or monolingual) and the pluralist model -- and the conditions which made each of these solutions successful. What really is at stake is the fundamental question: what type of language policy for what type of nation?

Dangerous Multilingualism

Dangerous Multilingualism
Author: J. Blommaert
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 325
Release: 2012-11-14
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 1137283564
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Focuses on the endangering effects of language-ideological processes. This book looks at the challenges imposed by globalization and super-diversity on the nation state and its language situations and ideologies, and demonstrates how many of its problems rise from the tension between late-modern diversity and the (pre-)modernist responses to it.

Multilingualism in the English-Speaking World

Multilingualism in the English-Speaking World
Author: Viv Edwards
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 274
Release: 2004-10-01
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 0631236120
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Multilingualism in the English-Speaking World is the winner of the BAAL Book Prize 2005. Multilingualism in the English-Speaking World: Pedigree of Nations explores the consequences of English as a global language and multilingualism as a social phenomenon. Written accessibly, it explores the extent of diversity in 'inner circle' English speaking countries (the UK, the USA, Canada, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand) and examines language in the home, school, and the wider community. Considers the perspectives of English as a global language as well as multilingualism as a social phenomenon. Written in an accessible style that draws on contemporary real life examples. Examines the everyday realities of people living in 'inner circle' English-speaking countries, such as the UK, USA, Canada, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. Discusses the theoretical issues that underpin current debates, drawing on research literature on societal multilingualism, language maintenance and shift, language policy, language and power, and language and identity.

Linguistic Minorities in Multilingual Settings

Linguistic Minorities in Multilingual Settings
Author: Christina Bratt Paulston
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing
Total Pages: 148
Release: 1994-03-24
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 9027282811
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The 19th-century European notion of the one people-one language nation as the ideal state has been a very pervasive influence in spite of the fact that most countries in the world today are multilingual, that is they contain ethnic groups in contact and not infrequently in competition. Such thinking has held implications for the setting of language policies, from hanging a wooden clog around the neck of a child heard speaking Occitan in Southern France to the considerable budgeting in Ireland for the promotion of Irish. In this book, Paulston presents an analytical framework for explaining and predicting the language behaviour of social groups as such behaviour relates to linguistic policies for minority groups. She argues that a number of factors must be considered in the understanding and establishment of language policies for minority groups: (1) if language planning is to be successful, it must consider the social context of language problems, (2) the linguistic consequences for social groups in contact will vary depending on the focus of social mobilization, i.e. ethnicity or nationalism, and (3) a major problem in the accurate prediction of such linguistic consequences lies in identifying the salient factors which contribute to language maintenance or shift, i.e. answering the question “under what conditions?”. Part I outlines and discusses the analytical framework, beginning with a general consideration of language problems and language policies and of the social factors which contribute to language maintenance and shift. The author continues to discuss four distinct types of social mobilization, which under certain specified social conditions result in different linguistic consequences: ethnicity, ethnic movements, ethnic nationalism, and geographic nationalism. The argument is that such an understanding is vital to helpful educational policies and successful language planning in general. Part II contrasts and compares a number of case studies for clarification of their diverse courses of mother tongue maintenance. It particularly seeks to illustrate the type of social mobilization discussed in Part I and to understand the social conditions which influence and alter the effects of the type of social mobilization.

Managing Multilingualism in a European Nation-state

Managing Multilingualism in a European Nation-state
Author: Sally Boyd
Publisher: Multilingual Matters
Total Pages: 96
Release: 2001
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 9781853595585
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This text analyzes recent shifts in Swedish language policy. Special focus is given to the complex relationships of the Swedish language to both English and to indigenous and immigrant minority languages in Sweden. Key issues addressed include the current debate concerning Sweden's official majority and minority languages; the position of immigrant and indigenous languages in the Swedish school system, the influence of the spread of English on the use of Swedish, particularly in writing; and the role of Swedish within the European Union. The contributions synthesize research on the status of languages currently used in Sweden as well as policy initiatives, and taken together the papers accurately present the many sides of the complex debate taking place there. While this book focuses on one country's struggle for multilingualism, the issues presented here are highly relevant and accessible to all readers interested in linguistic rights and language policy.

Multilingualism in Post-Soviet Countries

Multilingualism in Post-Soviet Countries
Author: Aneta Pavlenko
Publisher: Multilingual Matters
Total Pages: 241
Release: 2008
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 1847690874
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In the past two decades, post-Soviet countries have emerged as a contested linguistic space, where disagreements over language and education policies have led to demonstrations, military conflicts and even secession. This collection offers an up-to-date comparative analysis of language and education policies and practices in post-Soviet countries.

Multilingualism: A Very Short Introduction

Multilingualism: A Very Short Introduction
Author: John C. Maher
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 176
Release: 2017-05-18
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 0191038075
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The languages of the world can be seen and heard in cities and towns, forests and isolated settlements, as well as on the internet and in international organizations like the UN or the EU. How did the world acquire so many languages? Why can't we all speak one language, like English or Esperanto? And what makes a person bilingual? Multilingualism, language diversity in society, is a perfect expression of human plurality. About 6,500-7,000 languages are spoken, written and signed, throughout the linguistic landscape of the world, by people who communicate in more than one language (at work, or in the family or community). Many origin myths, like Babel, called it a 'punishment' but multilingualism makes us who we are and plays a large part of our sense of belonging. Languages are instruments for interacting with the cultural environment and their ecology is complex. They can die (Tasmanian), or decline then revive (Manx and Hawaiian), reconstitute from older forms (modern Hebrew), gain new status (Catalan and Maori) or become autonomous national languages (Croatian). Languages can even play a supportive and symbolic role as some territories pursue autonomy or nationhood, such as in the cases of Catalonia and Scotland. In this Very Short Introduction John C. Maher shows how multilingualism offers cultural diversity, complex identities, and alternative ways of doing and knowing to hybrid identities. Increasing multilingualism is drastically changing our view of the value of language, and our notion of the part language plays in national and cultural identities. At the same time multilingualism can lead to social and political conflict, unequal power relations, issues of multiculturalism, and discussions over 'national' or 'official' languages, with struggles over language rights of local and indigenous communities. Considering multilingualism in the context of globalization, Maher also looks at the fate of many endangered languages as they disappear from the world. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.