Multi Component Vsp Analysis For Applied Seismic Anisotropy PDF Download
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Author | : Colin MacBeth |
Publisher | : Elsevier |
Total Pages | : 378 |
Release | : 2002 |
Genre | : Juvenile Nonfiction |
ISBN | : 9780080424392 |
Download Multi-component VSP Analysis for Applied Seismic Anisotropy Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The vertical seismic profile, acquired with an array of 3C receivers and either a single source or several arranged in a multi-component configuration, provides an ideal high fidelity calibration tool for seismic projects involved in the application of seismic anisotropy. This book catalogues the majority of specialized tools necessary to work with P-P, P-S and S-S data from such VSP surveys at the acquisition design, processing and interpretation stages. In particular, it discusses 3C, 4C, 6C and 9C VSP, marine and land surveys with near and multiple offsets (walkways), azimuths (walkarounds) or a combination of both. These are considered for TIH or TIV flavours of seismic anisotropy arising from cracks, fractures, sedimentary layering, and shales. The anisotropic adaptation of familiar seismic methods for velocity analysis and inversion, reflected amplitude interpretation, are given together with more multi-component specific algorithms based upon the principles dictated by the vector convolutional model. Thus, multi-component methods are described that provide tests and compensation for source or receiver vector fidelity, tool rotation correction, layer stripping, near-surface correction, wavefield separation, and the Alford rotation with its variants. The work will be of interest to geophysicists involved in research or the application of seismic anisotropy using multi-component seismic.
Author | : Zhongping Qian |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 0 |
Release | : 2009 |
Genre | : Anisotropy |
ISBN | : |
Download Analysis of Seismic Anisotropy in 3D Multi-component Seismic Data Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Author | : Zhongping Qian |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 226 |
Release | : 2010 |
Genre | : Seismic waves |
ISBN | : |
Download Analysis of Seismic Anisotropy in 3D Multi-component Seismic Data Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The importance of seismic anisotropy has been recognized by the oil industry since its first observation in hydrocarbon reservoirs in 1986, and the application of seismic anisotropy to solve geophysical problems has been keenly pursued since then. However, a lot of problems remain, which have limited the applications of the technology. Nowadays, more and more 3D multi-component seismic data with wide-azimuth are becoming available. These have provided more opportunities for the study of seismic anisotropy. My thesis has focused on the study of using seismic anisotropy in 3D multi-component seismic data to characterize subsurface fractures, improve converted wave imaging and detect fluid content in fractured reservoirs, all of which are important for fractured reservoir exploration and monitoring. For the use of seismic anisotropy to characterize subsurface fracture systems, equivalent medium theories have established the link between seismic anisotropy and fracture properties. The numerical modelling in the thesis reveals that the amplitudes and interval travel-time of the radial component of PS converted waves can be used to derive fracture properties through elliptical fitting similar to P-waves. However, sufficient offset coverage is required for either the P- or PS-wave to reveal the features of elliptical variation with azimuth. Compared with numerical modelling, seismic physical modelling provides additional insights into the azimuthal variation of P and PS-wave attributes and their links with fracture properties. Analysis of the seismic physical model data in the thesis shows that the ratio of the offset to the depth of a target layer (offset-depth ratio), is a key parameter controlling the choice of suitable attributes and methods for fracture analysis. Data with a small offset-depth ratio from 0.7 to 1.0 may be more suitable for amplitude analysis; whilst the use of travel time or velocity analysis requires a large offset-depth ratio above 1.0, which can help in reducing the effect of the acquisition footprint and structural imprint on the results. Multi-component seismic data is often heavily contaminated with noise, which will limit its application potential in seismic anisotropy analysis. A new method to reduce noise in 3D multi-component seismic data has been developed and has proved to be very helpful in improving data quality. The method can automatically recognize and eliminate strong noise in 3D converted wave seismic data with little interference to useful reflection signals. Component rotation is normally a routine procedure in 3D multi-component seismic analysis. However, this study shows that incorrect rotations may occur for certain acquisition geometry and can lead to errors in shear-wave splitting analysis. A quality control method has been developed to ensure this procedure is correctly carried out. The presence of seismic anisotropy can affect the quality of seismic imaging, but the study has shown that the magnitude of the effects depends on the data type and target depth. The effects of VTI anisotropy (transverse isotropy with a vertical symmetry axis) on P-wave images are much weaker than those on PS-wave images. Anisotropic effects decrease with depth for the P- and PS-waves. The real data example shows that the overall image quality of PS-waves processed by pre-stack time migration has been improved when VTI anisotropy has been taken into account. The improvements are mainly in the upper part of the section. Monitoring fluid distribution is an important task in producing reservoirs. A synthetic study based on a multi-scale rock-physics model shows that it is possible to use seismic anisotropy to derive viscosity information in a HTI medium (transverse isotropy with a horizontal symmetry axis). The numerical modelling demonstrates the effects of fluid viscosity on medium elastic properties and seismic reflectivity, as well as the possibility of using them to discriminate between oil and water saturation. Analysis of real data reveals that it is hard to use the P-wave to discriminate oil-water saturation. However, characteristic shear-wave splitting behaviour due to pore pressure changes demonstrates the potential for discriminating between oil and water saturation in fractured reservoirs.
Author | : I. D. T︠S︡vankin |
Publisher | : SEG Books |
Total Pages | : 512 |
Release | : 2011 |
Genre | : Nature |
ISBN | : 1560802286 |
Download Seismology of Azimuthally Anisotropic Media and Seismic Fracture Characterization Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Presents an analysis of seismic signatures for azimuthally anisotropic media and shows anisotropic inversion/processing methods for wide-azimuth reflection data and VSP surveys. The focus is kinematic parameter-estimation techniques; the prestack amplitudes section includes AVO and attenuation coefficients; field examples are included.
Author | : Ilya Tsvankin |
Publisher | : SEG Books |
Total Pages | : 470 |
Release | : 2012 |
Genre | : Nature |
ISBN | : 1560802995 |
Download Seismic Signatures and Analysis of Reflection Data in Anisotropic Media Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Provides essential background on anisotropic wave propagation, introduces efficient notation for transversely isotropic (TI) and orthorhombic media, and identifies the key anisotropy parameters for imaging and amplitude analysis. Particular attention is given to moveout analysis and P-wave time-domain processing for VTI and TTI.
Author | : I. Tsvankin |
Publisher | : Elsevier |
Total Pages | : 455 |
Release | : 2001-03-02 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 0080540880 |
Download Seismic Signatures and Analysis of Reflection Data in Anisotropic Media Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Following the breakthrough in the last decade in identifying the key parameters for time and depth imaging in anisotropic media and developing practical methodologies for estimating them from seismic data, this title primarily focuses on the far reaching exploration benefits of anisotropic processing. This volume provides the first comprehensive description of reflection seismic signatures and processing methods in anisotropic media. It identifies the key parameters for time and depth imaging in transversely isotropic media and describes practical methodologies for estimating them from seismic data. Also, it contains a thorough discussion of the important issues of uniqueness and stability of seismic velocity analysis in the presence of anisotropy. The book contains a complete description of anisotropic imaging methods, from the theoretical background to algorithms to implementation issues. Numerous applications to synthetic and field data illustrate the improvements achieved by the anisotropic processing and the possibility of using the estimated anisotropic parameters in lithology discrimination.
Author | : Vladimir Grechka |
Publisher | : SEG Books |
Total Pages | : 492 |
Release | : 2020-08-01 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 1560803746 |
Download Anisotropy and Microseismics: Theory and Practice Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Takes readers on a path of discovery of rarely examined wave phenomena and their possible usage. Chapters begin by formulating a question, followed by explanations of what is exciting about it, where the mystery might lie, and what could be the potential value of answering the question.
Author | : Helen Lewis |
Publisher | : Geological Society of London |
Total Pages | : 264 |
Release | : 2007 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 9781862392366 |
Download The Relationship Between Damage and Localization Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The many kinds of porous geomaterials (rocks, soils, concrete, etc.) exhibit a range of responses when undergoing inelastic deformation. In doing so they commonly develop well-ordered fabric elements, forming fractures, shear bands and compaction bands, so creating the planar fabrics that are regarded as localization. Because these induced localization fabrics alter the bulk material properties (such as permeability, acoustic characteristics and strength), it is important to understand how and why localization occurs, and how it relates to its setting. The concept of damage (in several uses) describes both the precursor to localization and the context within which it occurs. A key theme is that geomaterials display a strong material evolution during deformation, revealing a close linkage between the damage and localization processes. This volume assembles perspectives from a number of disciplines, including soil mechanics, rock mechanics, structural geology, seismic anisotropy and reservoir engineering. The papers range from theoretical to observational, and include contributions showing how the deformed geomaterial's emergent bulk characteristics, like permeability and seismic anisotropy, can be predicted.
Author | : Tao Li |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 124 |
Release | : 2016 |
Genre | : Inversion (Geophysics) |
ISBN | : 9781339778983 |
Download Multi-component Seismic Modeling and Robust Pre-stack Seismic Waveform Inversion for Elastic Anisotropic Media Parameters Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Consideration of azimuthal anisotropy, at least to an orthorhombic symmetry is important in exploring the naturally fractured and unconventional hydrocarbon reservoirs. Full waveform inversion of multicomponent seismic data can, in principle, provide more robust estimates of subsurface elastic parameters and density than the inversion of single component (P wave) seismic data. In addition, azimuthally dependent anisotropy can only be resolved by carefully studying the multicomponent seismic displacement data acquired and processed along different azimuths. Such an analysis needs an inversion algorithm capable of simultaneously optimizing multiple objectives, one for each data component along each azimuth. In this dissertation, I propose a novel multiobjective methodology using a parallelized version of NSGA II for waveform inversion of multicomponent seismic data along two azimuths. The proposed methodology is also an improvement of the original NSGA II in overall computational efficiency, preservation of population diversity, and rapid sampling of the model space. Next, the proposed methodology is applied on wide azimuth and multicomponent vertical seismic profile (VSP) data to provide reliable estimation of subsurface anisotropy at and near the well location. Prestack waveform inversion was applied to the wide-azimuth multicomponent VSP data acquired at the Wattenberg Field, located in Denver Basin of northeastern Colorado, USA, to characterize the Niobrara formation for azimuthal anisotropy. By comparing the waveform inversion results with an independent study that used a joint slowness-polarization approach to invert the same data, we conclude that the waveform inversion is a reliable tool for inverting the wide-azimuth multicomponent VSP data for anisotropy estimation. Last but not least, an anisotropic elastic three-dimensional scheme for modeling the elastodynamic wavefield is developed in order to go beyond the 1D layering assumption being used in previous studies. The method uses quadratic tetrahedral elements to discretize the model in space, Newmark family of time integration scheme to discretize in time, and a perfectly matched layer as the absorbing boundary condition. Various preconditioned conjugate gradient approaches were tested and implemented in the algorithm to improve the numerical efficiency of the finite element solver and the entire methodology was optimized to run efficiently in a parallel computing architecture. By computing synthetic seismic responses for a homogeneous medium and for a layered anisotropic medium and comparing results with other analytical and numerical solutions, the validity of the methodology was also verified for numerical accuracy.
Author | : F.B Poletto |
Publisher | : Elsevier |
Total Pages | : 676 |
Release | : 2022-08-13 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 0128231467 |
Download Seismic While Drilling Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Seismic While Drilling: Fundamentals of Drill-Bit Seismic for Exploration, 2nd edition, revised and extended gives a theoretical and practical introduction to seismic while drilling by using drill-bit noise. While drilling seismic methods using surface sources and downhole receivers are also analysed. The goal is to support the exploration geology with geophysical control of drilling, and to build a bridge between geophysicists involved in seismic while drilling, drillers and exploration geologists. This revised and extended edition includes new topics such as novel drilling technology, downhole communication, ground-force drill-bit measurement, SWD seismic interferometry, and fiber optic (DAS). A new section is dedicated to well placement and geosteering. Like the first edition, Seismic While Drilling, 2nd edition also includes examples of SWD analysis and application on real data. Addresses fundamental knowledge on geophysical principles related to acoustics and seismic waves as well as basic borehole waves and drilling Includes new technological and methodological developments since the publication of the first edition Provides new examples for applications in geothermal and analysis of diffractions, offshore marine, and tunnel seismic while drilling (TSWD)