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| Author | : Max Simon Nordau |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2024-04-24 |
| Genre | : Philosophy |
| ISBN | : 9781835917602 |
Download Morals and the Evolution of Man Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
"Morals and the Evolution of Man" by Max Simon Nordau is a thought-provoking examination of the relationship between morality and the process of human evolution. Published in 1891, Nordau's work seeks to reconcile the principles of moral philosophy with the scientific theories of evolution that were gaining prominence during the late 19th century. At the heart of "Morals and the Evolution of Man" is Nordau's exploration of the evolutionary origins of human morality. Drawing upon the insights of Charles Darwin and other leading scientists of his time, Nordau argues that moral principles and ethical codes have evolved over millennia in response to the challenges and demands of human existence. Nordau examines various aspects of human behavior, including altruism, cooperation, and social organization, through the lens of evolutionary theory. He suggests that these behaviors have been shaped by natural selection and the struggle for survival, ultimately leading to the development of complex moral systems and ethical norms. One of the central themes of the book is the idea that morality is not fixed or immutable but is instead subject to change and adaptation over time. Nordau explores the historical development of moral philosophy and ethical thought, tracing the evolution of moral principles from ancient civilizations to modern society. In addition to his discussions of the evolutionary origins of morality, Nordau also considers the implications of his theories for contemporary society. He reflects on the challenges facing humanity in the modern world, including issues of social justice, inequality, and the ethical implications of scientific and technological advancements. Throughout the book, Nordau's writing is characterized by its clarity, rigor, and interdisciplinary approach. He draws upon a wide range of sources, including philosophy, psychology, and anthropology, to offer a comprehensive analysis of morality and its evolution. "Morals and the Evolution of Man" remains a significant work in the history of moral philosophy and evolutionary theory, offering valuable insights into the origins and development of human morality. Nordau's ideas continue to stimulate discussion and debate among scholars and readers interested in the intersection of science, ethics, and human behavior.
| Author | : Todd K. Shackelford |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 327 |
| Release | : 2015-08-10 |
| Genre | : Psychology |
| ISBN | : 3319196715 |
Download The Evolution of Morality Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This interdisciplinary collection presents novel theories, includes provocative re-workings of longstanding arguments, and offers a healthy cross-pollination of ideas to the morality literature. Structures, functions, and content of morality are reconsidered as cultural, religious, and political components are added to the standard biological/environmental mix. Innovative concepts such as the Periodic Table of Ethics and evidence for morality in non-human species illuminate areas for further discussion and research. And some of the book’s contributors question premises we hold dear, such as morality as a product of reason, the existence of moral truths, and the motto “life is good.” Highlights of the coverage: The tripartite theory of Machiavellian morality: judgment, influence, and conscience as distinct moral adaptations. Prosocial morality from a biological, cultural, and developmental perspective. The containment problem and the evolutionary debunking of morality. A comparative perspective on the evolution of moral behavior. A moral guide to depravity: religiously-motivated violence and sexual selection. Game theory and the strategic logic of moral intuitions. The Evolution of Morality makes a stimulating supplementary text for advanced undergraduate and graduate courses in the evolutionary sciences, particularly in psychology, biology, anthropology, sociology, political science, religious studies, and philosophy
| Author | : National Academy of Sciences |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 388 |
| Release | : 2007 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : |
Download In the Light of Evolution Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The Arthur M. Sackler Colloquia of the National Academy of Sciences address scientific topics of broad and current interest, cutting across the boundaries of traditional disciplines. Each year, four or five such colloquia are scheduled, typically two days in length and international in scope. Colloquia are organized by a member of the Academy, often with the assistance of an organizing committee, and feature presentations by leading scientists in the field and discussions with a hundred or more researchers with an interest in the topic. Colloquia presentations are recorded and posted on the National Academy of Sciences Sackler colloquia website and published on CD-ROM. These Colloquia are made possible by a generous gift from Mrs. Jill Sackler, in memory of her husband, Arthur M. Sackler.
| Author | : Max Simon Nordau |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 296 |
| Release | : 1922 |
| Genre | : Ethics |
| ISBN | : |
Download Morals and the Evolution of Man Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
| Author | : Michael Tomasello |
| Publisher | : Harvard University Press |
| Total Pages | : 207 |
| Release | : 2016-01-04 |
| Genre | : Psychology |
| ISBN | : 0674088646 |
Download A Natural History of Human Morality Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Michael Tomasello offers the most detailed account to date of the evolution of human moral psychology. Based on experimental data comparing great apes and human children, he reconstructs two key evolutionary steps whereby early humans gradually became an ultra-cooperative and, eventually, a moral species capable of acting as a plural agent “we”.
| Author | : Lewis Petrinovich |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 343 |
| Release | : 2013-11-11 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1489913165 |
Download Human Evolution, Reproduction, and Morality Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
An extremely well-organized, conceptually clear, empirically informed, and carefully argued volume...What makes this contribution special is the invigorating infusion of a wealth of principles and knowledge derived from evolutionary biology, neurophysiology, and cognitive science...The chapters provide abundant material for animated discussion.'' --- Evolution and Human Behavior, September 1997 When engaging in laboratory and field studies, researchers have an extensive set of implicit assumptions that justifies their research. However, these assumptions are rarely made explicit either to the researchers themselves, to their colleagues, or to the public. In this fascinating volume, the author gives insight into these underlying beliefs that scientists have regarding moral and biological issues involved in human life-such as decisions that influence reproductive practices, the termination of life, and the pursuit of biomedical research. He then uses this descriptive base to develop an ethic based on rational liberalism. His arguments stem from the thinking of biologists, moral philosophers, cognitive scientists, and social and developmental psychologists.
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : BRILL |
| Total Pages | : 261 |
| Release | : 2022-03-07 |
| Genre | : Philosophy |
| ISBN | : 9004463852 |
Download Evolution and Human Values Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Initiated by Robert Wesson, Evolution and Human Values is a collection of newly written essays designed to bring interdisciplinary insight to that area of thought where human evolution intersects with human values. The disciplines brought to bear on the subject are diverse - philosophy, psychiatry, behavioral science, biology, anthropology, psychology, biochemistry, and sociology. Yet, as organized by co-editor Patricia A. Williams, the volume falls coherently into three related sections. Entitled Evolutionary Ethics, the first section brings contemporary research to an area first explored by Herbert Spencer. Evolutionary ethics looks to the theory of evolution by natural selection to find values for human living. The second section, Evolved Ethics, discusses the evolution of language and religion and their impact on moral thought and feeling. Evolved ethics was partly Charles Darwin's subject in The Descent of Man. The last section bears the title Scientific Ethics. A nascent field, scientific ethics asks about the evolution of human nature and the implications of that nature for ethical theory and social policy. Together, the essays collected here provide important contemporary insights into what it is - and what it may be - to be human.
| Author | : Frans de Waal |
| Publisher | : BRILL |
| Total Pages | : 276 |
| Release | : 2014-02-20 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9004263888 |
Download Evolved Morality: The Biology and Philosophy of Human Conscience Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Morality is often defined in opposition to the natural "instincts," or as a tool to keep those instincts in check. New findings in neuroscience, social psychology, animal behavior, and anthropology have brought us back to the original Darwinian position that moral behavior is continuous with the social behavior of animals, and most likely evolved to enhance the cooperativeness of society. In this view, morality is part of human nature rather than its opposite. This interdisciplinary volume debates the origin and working of human morality within the context of science as well as religion and philosophy. Experts from widely different backgrounds speculate how morality may have evolved, how it develops in the child, and what science can tell us about its working and origin. They also discuss how to deal with the age-old facts-versus-values debate, also known as the naturalistic fallacy. The implications of this exchange are enormous, as they may transform cherished views on if and why we are the only moral species. These articles are also published in Behaviour, Volume 151, Nos. 2/3 (February 2014). Suitable for course adoption!
| Author | : Richard D. Alexander |
| Publisher | : Transaction Publishers |
| Total Pages | : 301 |
| Release | : 1987 |
| Genre | : Philosophy |
| ISBN | : 9780202011745 |
Download The Biology of Moral Systems Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Despite wide acceptance that the attributes of living creatures have appeared through a cumulative evolutionary process guided chiefly by natural selection, many human activities have seemed analytically inaccessible through such an approach. Prominent evolutionary biologists, for example, have described morality as contrary to the direction of biological evolution, and moral philosophers rarely regard evolution as relevant to their discussions. The Biology of Moral Systems adopts the position that moral questions arise out of conflicts of interest, and that moral systems are ways of using confluences of interest at lower levels of social organization to deal with conflicts of interest at higher levels. Moral systems are described as systems of indirect reciprocity: humans gain and lose socially and reproductively not only by direct transactions, but also by the reputations they gain from the everyday flow of social interactions. The author develops a general theory of human interests, using senescence and effort theory from biology, to help analyze the patterning of human lifetimes. He argues that the ultimate interests of humans are reproductive, and that the concept of morality has arisen within groups because of its contribution to unity in the context, ultimately, of success in intergroup competition. He contends that morality is not easily relatable to universals, and he carries this argument into a discussion of what he calls the greatest of all moral problems, the nuclear arms race. "Crammed with sage observations on moral dilemmas and many reasons why an understanding of evolution based on natural selection will advance thinking in finding practical solutions to our most difficult social problems." Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social SciencesRichard D. Alexander is Donald Ward Tinkle Professor of Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biology, and Curator of Insects, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan. A recipient of numerous awards, Dr. Alexander is the author of Darwinism and Human Affairs.
| Author | : Allen Buchanan |
| Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
| Total Pages | : 288 |
| Release | : 2018-06-08 |
| Genre | : Philosophy |
| ISBN | : 0190868430 |
Download The Evolution of Moral Progress Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
In The Evolution of Moral Progress, Allen Buchanan and Russell Powell resurrect the project of explaining moral progress. They avoid the errors of earlier attempts by drawing on a wide range of disciplines including moral and political philosophy, evolutionary biology, evolutionary psychology, anthropology, history, and sociology. Their focus is on one especially important type of moral progress: gains in inclusivity. They develop a framework to explain progress in inclusivity to also illuminate moral regression--the return to exclusivist and "tribalistic" moral beliefs and attitudes. Buchanan and Powell argue those tribalistic moral responses are not hard-wired by evolution in human nature. Rather, human beings have an evolved "adaptively plastic" capacity for both inclusion and exclusion, depending on environmental conditions. Moral progress in the dimension of inclusivity is possible, but only to the extent that human beings can create environments conducive to extending moral standing to all human beings and even to some animals. Buchanan and Powell take biological evolution seriously, but with a critical eye, while simultaneously recognizing the crucial role of culture in creating environments in which moral progress can occur. The book avoids both biological and cultural determinism. Unlike earlier theories of moral progress, their theory provides a naturalistic account that is grounded in the best empirical work, and unlike earlier theories it does not present moral progress as inevitable or as occurring in definite stages; but rather it recognizes the highly contingent and fragile character of moral improvement.
