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Monitoring Artificial Materials and Microbes in Marine Ecosystems: Interactions and Assessment Methods

Monitoring Artificial Materials and Microbes in Marine Ecosystems: Interactions and Assessment Methods
Author: Toshiyuki Takahashi
Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers
Total Pages: 301
Release: 2020-02-10
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9811437238
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Marine ecosystems offer several benefits to human communities. To make sustainable use of these benefits, it is necessary to elucidate and conserve marine ecology, and strive to maintain a sustainable natural resource management program. For this reason, understanding the diversity and behavior of both macro-ecosystems and micro-ecosystems are crucial. Monitoring Artificial Materials and Microbes in Marine Ecosystems explores microbial roles and their interaction with artificial materials in marine environments. After starting with simple topics for beginners, chapters explore methods to detect microorganisms in marine ecosystems and interactions of marine organisms with artificial materials. The sequential progression into advanced topics makes it easier to understand how to solve the reduction in marine-ecosystem viability caused by adverse events. Readers are provided with useful information for rehabilitating marine environments to make them sustainable for communities. Topics are covered in 3 parts: Part 1 is an introductory guide to marine ecosystems and environmental monitoring assessment. Readers are introduced to coral reef ecosystems, algal blooms and the role of environmental monitoring services in maintaining and restoring the quality of marine environments. This is followed by examples of sustainable marine environment assessment.Part 2 provides information about methods to detect microorganisms (viruses and bacteria) and evaluate marine environments. This includes sample enrichment methods, electrochemical analysis, and single cell imaging techniques. The highly sensitive and specific techniques presented in the book, are applicable in a wide variety of situations.Part 3 is dedicated to interactions between artificial metallic materials and microorganisms in marine environments. Chapters in this section share results from several experiments conducted to separate microorganisms and biofilms from such environments. This book is intended primarily for marine ecologists, microbiologists, environmental engineers, and engineers associated with industrial projects. This book is also useful as a text for undergraduate and graduate level courses in marine biology, ecology, and microbiology.

Monitoring Artificial Materials and Microbes in Marine Ecosystems: Interactions and Assessment Methods

Monitoring Artificial Materials and Microbes in Marine Ecosystems: Interactions and Assessment Methods
Author: Toshiyuki Takahashi
Publisher: Marine Ecology: Current and Fu
Total Pages: 300
Release: 2020-02-11
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9789811437243
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Marine ecosystems offer several benefits to human communities. To make sustainable use of these benefits, it is necessary to elucidate and conserve marine ecology, and strive to maintain a sustainable natural resource management program. For this reason, understanding the diversity and behavior of both macro-ecosystems and micro-ecosystems are crucial. Monitoring Artificial Materials and Microbes in Marine Ecosystems explores microbial roles and their interaction with artificial materials in marine environments. After starting with simple topics for beginners, chapters explore methods to detect microorganisms in marine ecosystems and interactions of marine organisms with artificial materials. The sequential progression into advanced topics makes it easier to understand how to solve the reduction in marine-ecosystem viability caused by adverse events. Readers are provided with useful information for rehabilitating marine environments to make them sustainable for communities. Topics are covered in 3 parts: Part 1 is an introductory guide to marine ecosystems and environmental monitoring assessment. Readers are introduced to coral reef ecosystems, algal blooms and the role of environmental monitoring services in maintaining and restoring the quality of marine environments. This is followed by examples of sustainable marine environment assessment.Part 2 provides information about methods to detect microorganisms (viruses and bacteria) and evaluate marine environments. This includes sample enrichment methods, electrochemical analysis, and single cell imaging techniques. The highly sensitive and specific techniques presented in the book, are applicable in a wide variety of situations.Part 3 is dedicated to interactions between artificial metallic materials and microorganisms in marine environments. Chapters in this section share results from several experiments conducted to separate microorganisms and biofilms from such environments. This book is intended primarily for marine ecologists, microbiologists, environmental engineers, and engineers associated with industrial projects. This book is also useful as a text for undergraduate and graduate level courses in marine biology, ecology, and microbiology.

Antimicrobial and Antiviral Materials

Antimicrobial and Antiviral Materials
Author: Peerawatt Nunthavarawong
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 251
Release: 2022-05-19
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1000541215
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Emerging microbial and viral infections are a serious challenge to health, safety, and economics around the world. Antimicrobial and antiviral technologies are needed to disrupt the progression and replication of bacteria and viruses and to counter their rapidly evolving resistance. This book discusses recent developments in materials science and engineering in combating infectious diseases and explores advances in antimicrobial and antiviral materials, including polymers, metals, and ceramics and their applications in the fight against pathogens. Features • Covers progress in biomimetic antimicrobial and antiviral materials and antimicrobial/antiviral bulk materials and coatings • Describes modern methods for disinfection of biomedical materials against microbial and viral infection resistance, especially for depressing novel coronavirus (COVID-19) • Details methods to improve material properties to have a longer service life in combating infection • Emphasizes chemical, physical, mechanical, tribological, and antimicrobial/antiviral properties • Offers current and future applications of emerging antimicrobial/antiviral technologies This book will be of interest to materials researchers and industry professionals focusing on antimicrobial and antiviral applications.

Handbook of Nanocelluloses

Handbook of Nanocelluloses
Author: Ahmed Barhoum
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 1081
Release: 2022-07-15
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3030896218
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This Handbook covers the fundamental aspects, experimental setup, synthesis, properties, and characterization of different nanocelluloses. It also explores the technology challenges of nanocelluloses and the emerging applications and the global markets of nanocelluloses-based systems. In particular, this book: · Covers the history of nanocelluloses, types and classifications, fabrication techniques, critical processing parameters, physical and chemical properties, surface functionalization, and other treatments to allow practical applications. · Covers all recent aspects of nanocelluloses technologies, from experimental set-up to industrial applications. · Includes new physical, chemical and biological techniques for nanocelluloses fabrication, in-depth treatment of their surface functionalization, and characterization. · Discusses the unique properties of nanocelluloses that can be obtained by modifying their diameter, morphology, composition and dispersion in other materials. · Discusses the properties and morphology of several kinds of dispersion in polymeric materials, such as micro/nanofiberlated cellulose, cellulose nanofibers, cellulose nanocrystals, amorphous cellulose nanoparticles, and hybrid cellulose nanomaterials. · Presents the different techniques for dispersion, and self-assembly of polymeric materials, critical parameters of synthesis, modelling and simulation, and characterization methods. · Highlights a wide range of emerging applications of nanocelluloses, e.g. drug delivery, tissue engineering, medical implants, medical diagnostics and therapy, biosensors, catalysis, energy harvesting, energy storage, water/waste treatment, papermaking, textiles, construction industry, automotive, aerospace and many more. · Provides an outlook on the opportunities and challenges for the fabrication and manufacturing of nanocelluloses in industry. · Provides an in-depth look at the nature of nanocelluloses in terms of their applicability for industrial uses. · Provides in-depth insight and review on most recent types of nanocelluloses-based systems of unique structures and compositions. · Highlights the challenges and interdisciplinary perspective of nanocelluloses-based systems in science, biology, engineering, medicine, and technology, incorporating both fundamentals and applications. - Demonstrates how cutting-edge developments in nanofibers translate into real-world innovations in a range of industry sectors. This Handbook is a valuable reference for materials scientists, biologists, physicians, chemical, biomedical, manufacturing and mechanical engineers working in R&D industry and academia, who want to learn more about how nanocelluloses-based systems are commercially applied.

Systems Biology of Marine Ecosystems

Systems Biology of Marine Ecosystems
Author: Manoj Kumar
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 354
Release: 2017-10-17
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3319620940
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This book describes the latest advances in systems biology in four plant-based marine ecosystems: seaweeds, seagrasses, microalgae, and corals. Marine organisms that inhabit the oceanic environment experience a diverse range of environmental fluctuations, anthropogenic stress, and threats from invasive species and pathogens. System biology integrates physiology, genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics into numerical models and is emerging as an important approach to elucidate the functional adaptations of marine organisms to adverse environmental conditions. This book focuses on how ecophysiology, omics platforms, their integration (a systems biology perspective), and next generation sequencing tools are being used to address the stress response of marine seaweeds, seagrasses, corals, marine microbe diversity, and micro-and macroalgae/corals-bacterial interactions to global climate change and anthropogenic activities. The contents of the book are of special interest to graduate and postgraduate marine biology students and marine biology researchers, particularly those interested in marine ecology, stress physiology of marine macrophytes/corals/phytoplankton, and environmental microbiology. This book would also be of interest to marine engineers engaged in the management and conservation of our valuable marine resources.

Microbial Ecology of the Oceans

Microbial Ecology of the Oceans
Author: Josep M. Gasol
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 571
Release: 2018-03-27
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1119107180
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The newly revised and updated third edition of the bestselling book on microbial ecology in the oceans The third edition of Microbial Ecology of the Oceans features new topics, as well as different approaches to subjects dealt with in previous editions. The book starts out with a general introduction to the changes in the field, as well as looking at the prospects for the coming years. Chapters cover ecology, diversity, and function of microbes, and of microbial genes in the ocean. The biology and ecology of some model organisms, and how we can model the whole of the marine microbes, are dealt with, and some of the trophic roles that have changed in the last years are discussed. Finally, the role of microbes in the oceanic P cycle are presented. Microbial Ecology of the Oceans, Third Edition offers chapters on The Evolution of Microbial Ecology of the Ocean; Marine Microbial Diversity as Seen by High Throughput Sequencing; Ecological Significance of Microbial Trophic Mixing in the Oligotrophic Ocean; Metatranscritomics and Metaproteomics; Advances in Microbial Ecology from Model Marine Bacteria; Marine Microbes and Nonliving Organic Matter; Microbial Ecology and Biogeochemistry of Oxygen-Deficient Water Columns; The Ocean’s Microscale; Ecological Genomics of Marine Viruses; Microbial Physiological Ecology of The Marine Phosphorus Cycle; Phytoplankton Functional Types; and more. A new and updated edition of a key book in aquatic microbial ecology Includes widely used methodological approaches Fully describes the structure of the microbial ecosystem, discussing in particular the sources of carbon for microbial growth Offers theoretical interpretations of subtropical plankton biogeography Microbial Ecology of the Oceans is an ideal text for advanced undergraduates, beginning graduate students, and colleagues from other fields wishing to learn about microbes and the processes they mediate in marine systems.

Socio-Ecology of Microbes in a Changing Ocean

Socio-Ecology of Microbes in a Changing Ocean
Author: Matthias Wietz
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Total Pages: 209
Release: 2019-08-02
Genre:
ISBN: 288945908X
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Socio-ecological interactions between microbes and associated organisms are integral elements of marine ecosystem dynamics. This Research Topic combines sixteen papers on interactions across the major domains of marine life, including prokaryotes, phytoplankton, macroalgae, cnidarians, viruses and fungi. These studies offer exciting insights into microbial cooperation and competition, holobiont ecology, interkingdom signaling, chemical microdiversity, and biogeography. Understanding such network processes is essential for the interpretation of ecosystem functioning and biogeochemical events, particularly in the wake of climate change.

Marine Ecology

Marine Ecology
Author: Muhammet Turkoglu
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Total Pages: 296
Release: 2018-08-01
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1789234484
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During the last decades, aquatic resources have been severely depleted due to human-induced factors such as overexploitation and pollution and more recently due to deviations in the physicochemical parameters of oceans, dramatic changes in weather patterns and melting of glaciers. The effects of these man-made factors are occurring in a relatively shorter time scale and, in many cases, are beyond the capacity of organisms to adapt to these deviations. The majority of natural aquatic resources, which are one of the most important food sources on the planet, are being used to the extent that limits their capacity for regeneration. Despite ongoing attempts towards developing strategies for long-term management of aquatic resources all over the world, efforts have met with limited success. Thus, the sustainable use of aquatic resources has become a very important reality considering a projected human population of 11 billion by the year 2100. With this reality in mind, the purpose of this book is to shed more light on the field of marine ecology by emphasizing the diversity of aquatic life on earth and its importance both as part of a balanced ecosystem and as part of critical source of food on earth. The book covers important findings, discussions and reviews on a variety of subjects on environmental and competitive interactions of marine organisms at different trophic levels and their effects on the productivity, dynamics and structure of marine ecosystems around the world. Each chapter focuses on a specific case in the field of marine ecology and was written by researchers with years of experience in their respective fields. We hope that academicians, researchers and students as well as experts and professionals working in the field of marine ecology will benefit from these contributions. We also hope that this book will inspire more studies to help better understand the marine environment and develop strategies to better protect this crucial element of life on earth.

Marine Ecotoxicology

Marine Ecotoxicology
Author: Julián Blasco
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 334
Release: 2016-08-05
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 012803372X
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Marine Ecotoxicology: Current Knowledge and Future Issues is the first unified resource to cover issues related to contamination, responses, and testing techniques of saltwater from a toxicological perspective. With its unprecedented focus on marine environments and logical chapter progression, this book is useful to graduate students, ecotoxicologists, risk assessors, and regulators involved or interested in marine waters. As human interaction with these environments increases, understanding of the pollutants and toxins introduced into the oceans becomes ever more critical, and this book builds a foundation of knowledge to assist scientists in studying, monitoring, and making decisions that affect both marine environments and human health. A team of world renowned experts provide detailed analyses of the most common contaminants in marine environments and explain the design and purpose of toxicity testing methods, while exploring the future of ecotoxicology studies in relation to the world’s oceans. As the threat of increasing pollution in marine environments becomes an ever more tangible reality, Marine Ecotoxicology offers insights and guidance to mitigate that threat. Provides practical tools and methods for assessing and monitoring the accumulation and effects of contaminants in marine environments Unites world renowned experts in marine ecotoxicology to deliver thorough and diverse perspectives Builds the foundation required for risk assessors and regulators to adequately assess and monitor the impact of pollution in marine environments Offers helpful insights and guidance to graduate students, ecotoxicologists, risk assessors, and regulators interested in mitigating threats to marine waters

Managing Troubled Waters

Managing Troubled Waters
Author: Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 136
Release: 1990-01-01
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0309041945
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Reports of closed beaches, restricted shellfish beds, oil spills, and ailing fisheries are some of the recent evidence that our marine environment is in trouble. More than $133 million is spent on marine environmental monitoring annually in the United States, but officials still do not have enough accurate information to make timely decisions about protecting our waters. This book presents the first comprehensive overview of marine monitoring, providing practical information and a model for revamping the nation's marine monitoring apparatus. The volume explores current monitoring programs and whether or not they work; the benefits and limitations of monitoring; the critical need for greater coordination among local, regional, and national monitoring programs; and a recommended conceptual model for developing more effective monitoring programs.