Memorandum And Recommendation Of The President O F The International Bank For Reconstruction And Development To The Executive Directors On A Proposed Loan In An Amount Equivalent To Us300 Million To The Federative Republic Of Brazil For A Federal Highway Rehabilitation And Decentralization Project PDF Download
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Author | : United Nations |
Publisher | : UN |
Total Pages | : 0 |
Release | : 2012 |
Genre | : Political Science |
ISBN | : 9789211217599 |
Download Foreign Direct Investment in Latin America and the Caribbean 2010 Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
In 2010, the Latin American and Caribbean region showed great resilience to the international financial crisis and became the world region with the fastest-growing flows of both inward and outward foreign direct investment (FDI). The upswing in FDI in the region has occurred in a context in which developing countries in general have taken on a greater share in both inward and outward FDI flows. This briefing paper is divided into five sections. The first offers a regional overview of FDI in 2010. The second examines FDI trends in Central America, Panama and the Dominican Republic. The third describes the presence China is beginning to build up as an investor in the region. Lastly, the fourth and fifth sections analyze the main foreign investments and business strategies in the telecommunications and software sectors, respectively.
Author | : Xu Xiujun |
Publisher | : Routledge |
Total Pages | : 262 |
Release | : 2020-05-14 |
Genre | : Political Science |
ISBN | : 1000067793 |
Download The BRICS Studies Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Given their immense potential for development and representation of a new international political and economic order, the BRICS countries have become a strong nascent force on the global stage. However, as overall economic growth continues to slow down, and the geopolitical situation becomes more complex, the BRICS countries are facing a series of new challenges that require further development in the way they cooperate with one another. This volume offers a panoramic view of cooperation between the BRICS countries in the light of these new challenges. The editors reveal that policy coordination has been strengthened, bringing into play complementary advantages as viable ways for promoting robust, sustainable, and balanced growth in the world economy. They argue that the experience gained, and lessons learned in the development of and cooperation between the BRICS countries has offered a positive role model for cooperation between other countries as well as providing valuable lessons for research in international politics. Students and scholars in international relations and politics will benefit from this volume.
Author | : Lise Rakner |
Publisher | : Nordic Africa Institute |
Total Pages | : 54 |
Release | : 2003 |
Genre | : Democratization |
ISBN | : 9789171065063 |
Download Political and Economic Liberalisation in Zambia 1991-2001 Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This title analyses the implementation of political and economic liberalisation in Zambia during the first two electin periods (1991 - 2001).
Author | : Lemarchand, Guillermo A. |
Publisher | : UNESCO Publishing |
Total Pages | : 237 |
Release | : 2018-05-21 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 9231002716 |
Download Mapping research and innovation in Lao People's Democratic Republic Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Author | : Anton Eberhard |
Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
Total Pages | : 385 |
Release | : 2016-04-18 |
Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
ISBN | : 1464808015 |
Download Independent Power Projects in Sub-Saharan Africa Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Inadequate electricity services pose a major impediment to reducing extreme poverty and boosting shared prosperity in Sub-Saharan Africa. Simply put, Africa does not have enough power. Despite the abundant low-carbon and low-cost energy resources available to Sub-Saharan Africa, the region s entire installed electricity capacity, at a little over 80 GW, is equivalent to that of the Republic of Korea. Looking ahead, Sub-Saharan Africa will need to ramp-up its power generation capacity substantially. The investment needed to meet this goal largely exceeds African countries already stretched public finances. Increasing private investment is critical to help expand and improve electricity supply. Historically, most private sector finance has been channeled through privately financed independent power projects (IPP), supported by nonrecourse or limited recourse loans, with long-term power purchase agreements with the state utility or another off-taker. Between 1990 and 2014, IPPs have spread across Sub-Saharan Africa and are now present in 17 countries. Currently, there are 125 IPPs, with an overall installed capacity of 10.7 GW and investments of $24.6 billion. However, private investment could be much greater and less concentrated. South Africa alone accounts for 67 IPPs, 4.3 GW of capacity and $14.4 billion of investments; the remaining projects are concentrated in a handful of countries. The objective of this study is to evaluate the experience of IPPs and identify lessons that can help African countries attract more and better private investment. At the core of this analysis is a reflection on whether IPPs have in fact benefited Sub-Saharan Africa, and how they might be improved. The analysis is based primarily on in depth case studies, carried out in five countries, including Kenya, Nigeria, South Africa, Tanzania and Uganda, which not only have the most numerous but also among the most extensive experience with IPPs.
Author | : UNESCO |
Publisher | : UNESCO Publishing |
Total Pages | : 757 |
Release | : 2021-06-18 |
Genre | : Political Science |
ISBN | : 9231004506 |
Download UNESCO Science Report Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Author | : Mohamed Behnassi |
Publisher | : Springer Nature |
Total Pages | : 330 |
Release | : 2021-07-28 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 3030729877 |
Download Emerging Challenges to Food Production and Security in Asia, Middle East, and Africa Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This book, as a part of a series of CERES publications, provides a multi-regional and cross-sectoral analysis of food and water security, especially in the era of climate risks, biodiversity loss, pressure on scarce resources, especially land and water, increasing global population, and changing dietary preferences. It includes both conceptual research and empirically-based studies, which provides context-specific analyses and recommendations based on a variety of case studies from Africa, Middle East, and Asia regarding the fostering of long-term resilience of food and water security. The core approach of the volume consists of: assessing the structural drivers affecting the vulnerability of food and water security, under the persistence of current trends; identifying the best solutions and practices to enhance the climate resilience for food and water security; and fostering climate adaptation and biodiversity protection for food and water security.
Author | : Shantayanan Devarajan |
Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
Total Pages | : 724 |
Release | : 2001-01-01 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 9780821346693 |
Download Aid and Reform in Africa Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Finally, when the country enters the second generation of reforms, such as public sector institutional reform, short-term, conditionality-based aid can once again be harmful - by reducing ownership, participation, and sustainability of the reform process."--BOOK JACKET.
Author | : Detlef Virchow |
Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
Total Pages | : 414 |
Release | : 2012-02-02 |
Genre | : Political Science |
ISBN | : 3642565751 |
Download Villages in the Future Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Life in rural communities is bound to change with historically unprecedented speed in the coming decades. How will this change be guided by local, national and global policies in order to enhance the livelihoods of rural inhabitants and to overcome the growing division of rural and urban areas? The contributions in this publication, ranging from scientific papers to short reports from practitioners, are grouped around 4 major themes: political and institutional frameworks to foster rural development; natural resources management; broadening the technological base of rural economies; and improved linkages between urban and rural areas. The overall message is unanimous: there is a promising future for the rural areas worldwide if adequate policies can be enforced and more efficient and fair institutions can be created.
Author | : Unesco |
Publisher | : UNESCO |
Total Pages | : 290 |
Release | : 2005 |
Genre | : Political Science |
ISBN | : 9789231039676 |
Download UNESCO Science Report, 2005 Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This is the fourth in a series of UNESCO reports which periodically examine the emerging trends in scientific research and higher education around the world. Written by an independent team of experts, each chapter describes how research and development activities are organised in the following countries or regions: the United States, Latin America and the Spanish-speaking Caribbean, the Caribbean Common Market (CARICOM) countries, the European Union, South-East Europe, the Russian Federation, the Arab States, Africa, Japan, East and South-East Asia, South Asia. Key themes highlighted include: the development of 'knowledge societies'; the drive for innovation and the role of the private sector; the importance of international co-operation in broadening the number of countries involved in scientific research; and the strengthening position of Asia on the international scene, driven largely by China's dynamism.