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Mechanotransduction of the Hair Cell

Mechanotransduction of the Hair Cell
Author: Wei Xiong
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 65
Release: 2018-04-27
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 9811085579

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This book summarizes the emerging experimental evidence on hair-cell mechanotransduction, and covers hair’s cellular structure, biophysical properties, molecular components and functions. Auditory hair cells convert sound-induced vibration into electrical signals. This biological process, mechanotransduction, is what allows us to hear and communicate in our daily lives. However, our grasp of hair-cell mechanotransduction is still far from complete. Recent advances in molecular genetics and biophysics have helped us gain deeper insights into this process, especially the molecular constituent and operation of the channel complex. This book provides a cutting-edge snapshot for all readers who are interested in or studying how auditory hair cells detect sound.


Vertebrate Hair Cells

Vertebrate Hair Cells
Author: Ruth Eatock
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 465
Release: 2006-07-01
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0387317066

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The Springer Handbook of Auditory Research presents a series of compreh- sive and synthetic reviews of the fundamental topics in modern auditory - search. The volumes are aimed at all individuals with interests in hearing research including advanced graduate students, postdoctoral researchers, and clinical investigators. The volumes are intended to introduce new investigators to important aspects of hearing science and to help established investigators to better understand the fundamental theories and data in ?elds of hearing that they may not normally follow closely. Each volume presents a particular topic comprehensively, and each serves as a synthetic overview and guide to the literature. As such, the chapters present neither exhaustive data reviews nor original research that has not yet appeared in peer-reviewed journals. The volumes focus on topics that have developed a solid data and conceptual foundation rather than on those for which a literature is only beginning to develop. New research areas will be covered on a timely basis in the series as they begin to mature.


Heterogeneity of the Hair Cell Mechanotransduction Apparatus and the Dynamics of a Synaptic Ribbon Protein

Heterogeneity of the Hair Cell Mechanotransduction Apparatus and the Dynamics of a Synaptic Ribbon Protein
Author: Zongwei Chen
Publisher:
Total Pages: 165
Release: 2020
Genre: Cell organelles
ISBN:

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Hair cell mechanotransduction is a remarkable process featured by superb sensitivity and sub-millisecond level activation. The molecular identity of mechanotransduction channel has been a long time mystery. On the other hand, hair cells are utilized in multiple systems including the cochlea, the vestibular system and the lateral line. It is unclear that whether hair cells adapt to different systems and use different molecules for mechanotransduction. In the course of my study, I systematically investigated the requirement of transmembrane-like protein (Tmc) 1 and 2, the most promising mechanotransduction channel core forming components, in hair cells of the zebrafish inner ear and lateral line system. I determined that the heterologous dependencies to Tmc isoforms exist between hair cells from different systems, same system but different organs, and even the same organ. Additionally, I also studied on another mysterious organelle in the hair cells, the synaptic ribbon. Using transgenic zebrafish, I investigated the molecular turnover of Ribeye protein, a major component of this organelle in vivo, and found that Ribeye is intrinsically dynamic but significantly stabilized in the synapse context, suggesting mechanisms for synapse maintenance.


Understanding the Cochlea

Understanding the Cochlea
Author: Geoffrey A. Manley
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 361
Release: 2017-08-30
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 3319520733

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This SHAR volume serves to expand, supplement, and update the original "Cochlea" volume in the series. The book aims to highlight the power of diverse modern approaches in cochlear research by focusing on advances in those fields over the last two decades. It also provides insights into where cochlear research is going, including new hearing prostheses for the deaf that will most likely soon enter the phase of clinical trials. The book will appeal to a broad, interdisciplinary readership, including neuroscientists and clinicians in addition to the more specific auditory community.


Targeting Mechanotransduction-related Genes of the Hair Cell Using TALEN and CRISPR/Cas Technology

Targeting Mechanotransduction-related Genes of the Hair Cell Using TALEN and CRISPR/Cas Technology
Author: Jiaqi Hu
Publisher:
Total Pages: 69
Release: 2015
Genre: Biology
ISBN:

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Hair cells are specialized mechanoreceptor cells that reside in the inner ear with staircase-shaped bundles of stereocilia protruding from their apical surfaces. Hearing occurs when the hair bundle is tilted towards the tallest stereocilia, allowing the opening of mechanotransduction channels at the tips of stereocilia. The molecular identity of the mechanotransduction channel is unknown. Proteins with transmembrane domains are promising candidates for the mechanotransduction channel in hair cells. TALEN and CRISPR/Cas technologies are two technologies that have been shown to be efficient genome-editing tools in several organisms. In this study, we have successfully mutagenized the genes of several proteins that encode transmembrane domains with TALEN and CRISPR/Cas. Upon obtaining the knockout zebrafish, we will be able to assess the role of each gene in mechanotransduction. In summary, we have established a systematic platform to generate gene-specific knockout zebrafish with TALEN and CRISPR/Cas in order to determine the genes that regulate mechanotransduction in hearing.


The Mammalian Auditory Pathway: Neuroanatomy

The Mammalian Auditory Pathway: Neuroanatomy
Author: Douglas B Webster
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 494
Release: 2013-12-01
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1461244161

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The Springer Handbook of Auditory Research presents a series of com prehensive and synthetic reviews of the fundamental topics in modem auditory research. It is aimed at all individuals with interests in hearing research including advanced graduate students, postdoctoral researchers, and clinical investigators. The volumes will introduce new investigators to important aspects of hearing science and will help established inves tigators to better understand the fundamental theories and data in fields of hearing that they may not normally follow closely. Each volume is intended to present a particular topic comprehensively, and each chapter will serve as a synthetic overview and guide to the literature. As such, the chapters present neither exhaustive data reviews nor original research that has not yet appeared in peer-reviewed journals. The series focusses on topics that have developed a solid data and con ceptual foundation rather than on those for which a literature is only beginning to develop. New research areas will be covered on a timely basis in the series as they begin to mature.


Experiments in Hearing

Experiments in Hearing
Author: Georg Von Békésy
Publisher: Acoustical Society of Amer
Total Pages: 745
Release: 1960
Genre: Health & Fitness
ISBN: 9780883186305

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Cochlear Mechanics

Cochlear Mechanics
Author: Frank Böhnke
Publisher: S. Karger AG (Switzerland)
Total Pages: 0
Release: 1999
Genre: Cochlea
ISBN: 9783805569880

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This special issue collects our current knowledge of the mechanical processing of acoustic signals by the cochlea and its containing structures. Many workers in diverse disciplines in otology use the facts from cochlear mechanics for the interpretation of their results. Presented here for the first time is the development of a three-dimensional mechanical model of the curved cochlea including fluid-structure couplings. An important approach for future cochlear modeling is shown by the provision of geometrical data for the input of three-dimensional finite element models by microtomographic imaging. A remarkable article tries to demonstrate a connection between outer hair cell mechanics and the complex phenomenon of tinnitus and will be of special interest for stress engineers. Owing to its strong interdisciplinarity, this issue is not only intended for biophysicists, ENT clinicians and audiologists but also for radiologists, biomechanical engineers and computer engineers.


Revealing the Role of Tmc2b in Hair Cell Subtypes Within the Inner Ear

Revealing the Role of Tmc2b in Hair Cell Subtypes Within the Inner Ear
Author: Haoming Wang
Publisher:
Total Pages: 42
Release: 2021
Genre: Genetics
ISBN:

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The auditory and vestibular systems rely on the mechanotransduction function of hair cells. Hair cells receive variable stimuli and thus can vary in size and shape to capture and encode different mechanical movements. Using transgenesis and quantitative measurements, we demonstrate two morphologically distinct hair cell types, short and tall, in the central thickness of a vestibular organ, the lateral crista. Transmembrane channel-like (Tmc) proteins 1, 2a, and 2b are mechanotransduction channel subunits that are required for hearing and balance. However, the exact Tmc proteins that are required for each subtype are unknown. Here we ask two specific questions. Does Tmc2b play a role in short hair cells? Does Tmc2b play a major role in tall hair cell mechanotransduction? We show that short hair cells that lack Tmc2b retain unaffected mechanotransduction function. Interestingly, Tmc2b may also contribute to mechanotransduction function in some of the short hair cells when Tmc1 and Tmc2a are absent. In contrast, tall hair cells need Tmc2b for normal mechanotransduction. Overall, we determine that Tmc2b is not necessary for short hair cells and is required by tall hair cells.


Store-Operated Calcium Channels

Store-Operated Calcium Channels
Author:
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 307
Release: 2013-07-24
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0124079385

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Store-operated calcium channels are found in most animal cells and regulate many cellular functions including cell division, growth, differentiation, and cell death. This volume provides a concise and informative overview of the principles of store-operated calcium entry and the key developments in the field from researchers who have led these advances. The overall goal of the volume is to provide interested students and investigators with sufficient information to enable a broad understanding of the progress and current excitement in the field. The volume contains a wealth of information that even experienced investigators in the field will find useful. The volume provides a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms and functions of store-operated calcium channels Contributors are authoritative researchers who have produced important advances in the field The volume is well-illustrated with cartoons and data to facilitate easy comprehension of the subject