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Measurement Techniques for Tritium and Carbon 14

Measurement Techniques for Tritium and Carbon 14
Author: Bommadeni Arun
Publisher: Self Employed
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2023-03-28
Genre:
ISBN:

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Tritium and radiocarbon are pure beta emitters. Tritium has an average energy of 5.7 keV and endpoint energy of 18.6 keV [1]. Radiocarbon has an average energy of 49.5 keV and endpoint energy of 156 keV. The half-life of tritium and radiocarbon is 12.3 years and 5730 years, respectively. Hydrogen has three isotopes, namely hydrogen (1H), deuterium (2H), and tritium (3H). Among the three isotopes, tritium alone is a radioactive isotope. The natural abundance of hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium are 99.985%, 0.015%, and 1x10-18%. Carbon is also having three isotopes 12C, 13C, and 14C. The isotopes 12C and 13C are stable, whereas 14C is radioactive. The natural abundance of 12C, 13C and 14C are approximately 98.89%%, 1.11% and 1.2 x 10-10% respectively. Tritium is continuously produced in the atmosphere with cosmic-ray induced neutron activation of atmospheric gases. The reaction occurs with fast neutrons. The threshold neutron energy for the 14N (1n, 3H) 12C is 4 MeV [1].


Water Quality. Simultaneous Determination of Tritium and Carbon 14 Activities. Test Method Using Liquid Scintillation Counting

Water Quality. Simultaneous Determination of Tritium and Carbon 14 Activities. Test Method Using Liquid Scintillation Counting
Author: British Standards Institute Staff
Publisher:
Total Pages: 28
Release: 1915-07-31
Genre:
ISBN: 9780580811739

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Water, Water testing, Quality, Tritium, Carbon, Test methods, Scintillation counters, Determination of content, Liquids, Water pollution, Measurement


Tritium Measurement Techniques

Tritium Measurement Techniques
Author: National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements
Publisher: Ncrp
Total Pages: 108
Release: 1976
Genre: Science
ISBN:

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"As a consequence of the increasing importance of tritium resulting from nuclear fission and neutron activation, from its use in accelerators, from its use in research and industry, and from its use in the investigation of the environment and its distribution in the environment, the NCRP designated a scientific committee to prepare a report on the currently acceptable methods of measuring tritium. This report is particularly aimed in assisting an individual to select a procedure suitable to the problem at hand." --From Preface, page iii.


Preparation of Compounds Labeled with Tritium and Carbon-14

Preparation of Compounds Labeled with Tritium and Carbon-14
Author: Rolf Voges
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 682
Release: 2009-03-12
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9780470743430

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Compounds labeled with carbon-14 and tritium are indispensable tools for research in biomedical sciences, discovery and development of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. Preparation of Compounds Labeled with Tritium and Carbon-14 is a comprehensive, authoritative and up-to-date discussion of the strategies, synthetic approaches, reactions techniques, and resources for the preparation of compounds labeled with either of these isotopes. A large number of examples are presented for the use of isotopic sources and building blocks in the preparation of labeled target compounds, illustrating the range of possibilities for embedding isotopic labels in selected moieties of complex structures. Topics include: Formulation of synthetic strategies for preparing labeled compounds Isotope exchange methods and synthetic alternatives for preparing tritiated compounds In-depth discussion of carbon-14 building blocks and their utility in synthesis Preparation of enantiomerically pure isotopically labeled compounds Applications of biotransformations Preparation of Compounds Labeled with Tritium and Carbon-14 is an essential guide to the specialist strategies and tactics used by chemists to prepare compounds tagged with theradioactive atoms carbon-14 and tritium.


Tritium Measurement Techniques

Tritium Measurement Techniques
Author: National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements
Publisher:
Total Pages: 97
Release: 1976
Genre:
ISBN:

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Tritium Measurement Techniques

Tritium Measurement Techniques
Author: National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements NCRP.
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 1976
Genre:
ISBN:

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