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Measurement of Residual and Applied Stress Using Neutron Diffraction

Measurement of Residual and Applied Stress Using Neutron Diffraction
Author: M.T. Hutchings
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 568
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9401127972

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The accurate, absolute, and non-destructive measurement of residual stress fields within metallic, ceramic, and composite engineering components has been one of the major problems facing engineers for many years, and so the extension of X-ray methods to the use of neutrons represents a major advance. The technique utilizes the unique penetrating power of the neutron into most engineering materials, combined with the sensitivity of diffraction, to measure the separation of lattice planes within grains of polycrystalline engineering materials, thus providing an internal strain gauge. The strain is then converted to stress using calibrated elastic constants. It was just over ten years ago that the initial neutron diffraction measurements of residual stress were carried out, and during the ensuing decade measurements have commenced at most steady state reactors and pulsed sources around the world. So swift has been the development of the field that, in addition to fundamental scientific studies, commercial measurements have been made on industrial components for several years now. The use of neutrons is ideally suited to the determination of triaxial macrostress tensors, macrostress gradients, and microstresses in composites and multiphase alloys as well as deformed, plastically anisotropic metals and alloys. To date, it has been used to investigate welded and heat-treated industrial components, to characterize composites, to study the response of material under applied loads, to calibrate more portable methods such as ultrasonics, and to verify computer modelling calculations of residual and applied stress.


Introduction to the Characterization of Residual Stress by Neutron Diffraction

Introduction to the Characterization of Residual Stress by Neutron Diffraction
Author: M.T. Hutchings
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 420
Release: 2005-02-28
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1134389809

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Over the past 25 years the field of neutron diffraction for residual stress characterization has grown tremendously, and has matured from the stage of trial demonstrations to provide a practical tool with widespread applications in materials science and engineering. While the literature on the subject has grown commensurately, it has also remained


Analysis of Residual Stress by Diffraction using Neutron and Synchrotron Radiation

Analysis of Residual Stress by Diffraction using Neutron and Synchrotron Radiation
Author: M.E. Fitzpatrick
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 368
Release: 2003-02-06
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0203608992

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While residual stress can be a problem in many industries and lead to early failure of component, it can also be introduced deliberately to improve lifetimes. Knowledge of the residual stress state in a component can be critical for quality control of surface engineering processes or vital to performing an accurate assessment of component life unde


Measurement of Residual Stress in Materials Using Neutrons

Measurement of Residual Stress in Materials Using Neutrons
Author: International Atomic Energy Agency
Publisher:
Total Pages: 108
Release: 2005
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN:

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Stress develops during the synthesis and use of materials such as alloys and compounds. Measurement of residual stress is essential to improve the quality of synthesized materials and diagnosis of failure and/or reliability of fabricated components.


Practical Applications of Residual Stress Technology

Practical Applications of Residual Stress Technology
Author: C. O. Ruud
Publisher: ASM International(OH)
Total Pages: 200
Release: 1991
Genre: Science
ISBN:

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Includes papers on the effects of residual stress on materials properties. Measurement methods and techniques are covered in a number of papers that describe applications of X-ray diffraction, Barkhausen noise, ultrasonic velocity and neutron diffraction. Prediction of residual stresses described include applications to metal welding, forging and forming as well as ceramic matric composites and those developed by manufacturing processes.


Stress Evaluation Using Neutrons and Synchrotron Radiation

Stress Evaluation Using Neutrons and Synchrotron Radiation
Author: Anke Pyzalla
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications Ltd
Total Pages: 600
Release: 2008-03-07
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 303813175X

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Volume is indexed by Thomson Reuters CPCI-S (WoS). This collection addresses specific topics within the field of stress measurement in solids using neutrons, X-rays and synchrotron radiation. Particular attention is paid to multidisciplinary approaches involving an understanding of the measured stress field and the implications of the stress field for the behaviour of materials and components.


Practical Residual Stress Measurement Methods

Practical Residual Stress Measurement Methods
Author: Gary S. Schajer
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 328
Release: 2013-09-23
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1118342372

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An introductory and intermediate level handbook written in pragmatic style to explain residual stresses and to provide straightforward guidance about practical measurement methods. Residual stresses play major roles in engineering structures, with highly beneficial effects when designed well, and catastrophic effects when ignored. With ever-increasing concern for product performance and reliability, there is an urgent need for a renewed assessment of traditional and modern measurement techniques. Success critically depends on being able to make the most practical and effective choice of measurement method for a given application. Practical Residual Stress Measurement Methods provides the reader with the information needed to understand key residual stress concepts and to make informed technical decisions about optimal choice of measurement technique. Each chapter, written by invited specialists, follows a focused and pragmatic format, with subsections describing the measurement principle, residual stress evaluation, practical measurement procedures, example applications, references and further reading. The chapter authors represent both international academia and industry. Each of them brings to their writing substantial hands-on experience and expertise in their chosen field. Fully illustrated throughout, the book provides a much-needed practical approach to residual stress measurements. The material presented is essential reading for industrial practitioners, academic researchers and interested students. Key features: • Presents an overview of the principal residual stress measurement methods, both destructive and non-destructive, with coverage of new techniques and modern enhancements of established techniques • Includes stand-alone chapters, each with its own figures, tables and list of references, and written by an invited team of international specialists


Practical Residual Stress Measurement Methods

Practical Residual Stress Measurement Methods
Author: Gary S. Schajer
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 328
Release: 2013-08-01
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1118402820

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An introductory and intermediate level handbook written in pragmatic style to explain residual stresses and to provide straightforward guidance about practical measurement methods. Residual stresses play major roles in engineering structures, with highly beneficial effects when designed well, and catastrophic effects when ignored. With ever-increasing concern for product performance and reliability, there is an urgent need for a renewed assessment of traditional and modern measurement techniques. Success critically depends on being able to make the most practical and effective choice of measurement method for a given application. Practical Residual Stress Measurement Methods provides the reader with the information needed to understand key residual stress concepts and to make informed technical decisions about optimal choice of measurement technique. Each chapter, written by invited specialists, follows a focused and pragmatic format, with subsections describing the measurement principle, residual stress evaluation, practical measurement procedures, example applications, references and further reading. The chapter authors represent both international academia and industry. Each of them brings to their writing substantial hands-on experience and expertise in their chosen field. Fully illustrated throughout, the book provides a much-needed practical approach to residual stress measurements. The material presented is essential reading for industrial practitioners, academic researchers and interested students. Key features: • Presents an overview of the principal residual stress measurement methods, both destructive and non-destructive, with coverage of new techniques and modern enhancements of established techniques • Includes stand-alone chapters, each with its own figures, tables and list of references, and written by an invited team of international specialists


Applications of Neutron Powder Diffraction

Applications of Neutron Powder Diffraction
Author: Erich H. Kisi
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Total Pages: 504
Release: 2008-10-02
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0191545406

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This is the first book covering the theory, practicalities, and the extensive applications of neutron powder diffraction in materials science, physics, chemistry, mineralogy and engineering. Various highlight applications of neutron powder diffraction are outlined in the introduction, then the theory is developed and instrumentation described sufficient for a return to the applications. The book covers the use of neutron powder diffraction in the solution (hard) and refinement (more straightforward) of crystal and magnetic structures, applications of powder diffraction in quantitative phase analysis, extraction of microstructural information from powder diffraction patterns, and the applications of neutron diffraction in studies of elastic properties and for the measurement of residual stress. Additional theory to underpin these various applications is developed as required. Much of the material should be accessible to senior undergraduates in science and engineering, as well as to graduate students and more senior researchers with an interest in the technique.