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Mass Spectrometry in Grape and Wine Chemistry

Mass Spectrometry in Grape and Wine Chemistry
Author: Riccardo Flamini
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 365
Release: 2009-12-23
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0470552913
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A concise, up-to-date overview of the applications of mass spectrometry To be able to estimate the potentiality of grapes and how it may be transferred into wine is key to grasping enological chemistry. Nowadays, mass spectrometry is a crucial aspect in ensuring the production, the quality, and the safety of grape, wine, and grape derivative products. Mass Spectrometry in Grape and Wine Chemistry examines in depth the relationship between the high structural identification power of mass spectrometry techniques and the chemistry of grapes and wine. The text is divided into two parts. The first section provides an overview of mass spectrometry methods in relation to enology in three chapters. The second section offers seven chapters on wine chemistry as well as traditional topics and new developments in mass spectrometry. Mass Spectrometry in Grape and Wine Chemistry explores many mass spectrometry applications, including: Ionization methods Mass analyzers and mass measurements Mass spectrometry methodologies Grape aroma compounds Volatile and aroma compounds in wines Grape and wine polyphenols Compounds released by wood into wine Wine defects caused by compounds Pesticide detection analysis Peptides and proteins of grape and wine Written by leading experts in the field, this book presents an introduction to mass spectrometry and outlines ways to maximize quality control and product safety for the best results. Mass Spectrometry in Grape and Wine Chemistry is an essential handbook for laboratories working in enology.

Hyphenated Techniques in Grape and Wine Chemistry

Hyphenated Techniques in Grape and Wine Chemistry
Author: Riccardo Flamini
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 362
Release: 2008-04-30
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0470754311
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This book presents the modern applications of hyphenated techniques in the analysis and study of the chemistry of grape, wine, and grape-derivative products. It explains the different applications and techniques used in the laboratory, such as liquid- and gas-phase chromatography, mass spectrometry, and capillary electrophoresis, and describes the methods developed using instrumentation with high performance and reliability. Additionally, the book covers the principal applications of modern sample preparation methods, such as solid-phase-extraction and solid-phase-microextraction.

Chemical/Instrumental Approaches to the Evaluation of Wine Chemistry

Chemical/Instrumental Approaches to the Evaluation of Wine Chemistry
Author: Rosa Perestrelo
Publisher: MDPI
Total Pages: 148
Release: 2020-05-27
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3039287346
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Wine is a widely consumed beverage due to its unique and pleasant sensory properties. Wine is composed of more than one thousand chemical compounds (e.g., alcohols, esters, acids, terpenoids, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, anthocyanins, minerals, and vitamins, among others) resulting from several chemical and biochemical processes. Microextraction techniques in tandem with high-resolution analytical instruments have been applied by wine researchers to expand the knowledge of wine’s chemical composition with the purposes of improving wine quality, supporting winemaker decisions related to the winemaking process, and guaranteeing the authenticity of wine. As a result, we proposed “Chemical/Instrumental Approaches to the Evaluation of Wine Chemistry” as a topic for a Special Issue in Molecules. This Special Issue aims to provide an update on state-of-the-art extraction procedures (e.g., solid-phase microextraction (SPME)) and analytical tools (e.g., nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS)), emphasizing their use as suitable platforms for the establishment of the chemical composition of wine (volatomic profile, antioxidants, phenolic pattern, and elemental composition, among others). Information related to wine sensorial properties, contaminants, authenticity, and chemometric tools used for data treatment are described in this Issue.

Flavor Chemistry of Wine and Other Alcoholic Beverages

Flavor Chemistry of Wine and Other Alcoholic Beverages
Author: Michael C. Qian
Publisher: OUP USA
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2013-03-14
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9780841227903
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Describes the advances in flavor chemistry research related to alcoholic beverages.

Mass Spectrometry for the High-throughput Quantification and Mechanistic Investigation of Odor-active Volatiles in Grapes and Wine

Mass Spectrometry for the High-throughput Quantification and Mechanistic Investigation of Odor-active Volatiles in Grapes and Wine
Author: Jillian Angela Jastrzembski
Publisher:
Total Pages: 214
Release: 2017
Genre:
ISBN:
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A novel mass spectrometry method was developed for the rapid quantification of odor-active volatiles in food matrices. Quantitative analyses of trace-level volatile compounds are routinely performed as an objective measure of flavor in foodstuffs and raw materials. Standard analytical methods based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) usually require 30-60 minutes/sample. This low throughput is poorly suited for several emerging directions in flavor research or process control which can potentially create thousands of samples, e.g. characterization of breeding populations, as well as characterization of raw materials. Ambient ionization (AI) techniques like DART-MS are much faster, but with the drawback of lower sensitivity/ selectivity. A sorbent-coated mesh was developed for the extraction and pre-concentration of volatiles (Solid Phase Mesh Enhanced Sorption from Headspace, SPMESH), which could then be analyzed by Direct Analysis in Real Time (DART)-MS. The SPMESH coating material was optimized for the extraction of odor-active volatiles in complex food matrices. In combination with high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), SPMESH-DART could obtain detection limits below sensory thresholds for a variety of compounds with olfactory relevance in food matrices. The new method was validated in grape macerates, exhibiting excellent agreement with established GC-MS methodology (r2≥0.90). In a separate study, the mechanism for evolution of hydrogen sulfide during storage of wines fermented on elemental sulfur was investigated. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is frequently found in faulted wines with sulfurous off-aromas. H2S is reported to increase during bottle storage of some wines, and the identity of all potential precursors responsible for this latent H2S is still not resolved. We have shown that elemental sulfur residues (S0) on grapes can not only produce H2S during fermentation, but also yield wine-soluble intermediates capable of generating more H2S during storage. Through HPLC – high resolution mass spectrometry, we identified H2S-releasing polythionates in the S0 fermented wine sample that are absent in the control, and propose a mechanism for the formation of a supplementary S0-derived source.

Understanding Wine Chemistry

Understanding Wine Chemistry
Author: Andrew L. Waterhouse
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 565
Release: 2024-08-05
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1119894077
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Understanding Wine Chemistry Understand the reactions behind the world’s most alluring beverages The immense variety of wines on the market is the product of multiple chemical processes – whether acting on components arising in the vineyard, during fermentation, or throughout storage. Winemaking decisions alter the chemistry of finished wines, affecting the flavor, color, stability, and other aspects of the final product. Knowledge of these chemical and biochemical processes is integral to the art and science of winemaking. Understanding Wine Chemistry has served as the definitive introduction to the chemical components of wine, their properties, and their reaction mechanisms. It equips the knowledgeable reader to interpret and predict the outcomes of physicochemical reactions involved with winemaking processes. Now updated to reflect recent research findings, most notably in relation to wine redox chemistry, along with new Special Topics chapters on emerging areas, it continues to set the standard in the subject. Readers of the second edition of Understanding Wine Chemistry will also find: Case studies throughout showing chemistry at work in creating different wine styles and avoiding common adverse chemical and sensory outcomes Detailed treatment of novel subjects like non-alcoholic wines, non-glass alternatives to wine packaging, synthetic wines, and more An authorial team with decades of combined experience in wine chemistry research and education Understanding Wine Chemistry is ideal for college and university students, winemakers at any stage in their practice, professionals in related fields such as suppliers or sommeliers, and chemists with an interest in wine.

Wine Traceability

Wine Traceability
Author: Maria Carla Cravero
Publisher: MDPI
Total Pages: 138
Release: 2019-11-14
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3039217682
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Wine traceability is a central theme in the current world market where consumers are increasingly demanding the quality and origin of food and drink. The wine production chain and wine composition are generally controlled by different laws (International Organization of Vine and Wine (OIV), European Union (EU), and national governments) and need specific documentation. Nevertheless, wine production is subject to fraud. Consequently, the improvement of the methods applied to verify the origin and quality of wines is very important to protect wine consumers and producers. In this book, eight different papers—six research papers and two reviews—address the topic from different points of view.

Wine Chemistry and Biochemistry

Wine Chemistry and Biochemistry
Author: M. Victoria Moreno-Arribas
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 729
Release: 2008-11-06
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0387741186
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The aim of this book is to describe chemical and biochemical aspects of winemaking that are currently being researched. The authors have selected the very best experts for each of the areas. The first part of the book summarizes the most important aspects of winemaking technology and microbiology. The second most extensive part deals with the different groups of compounds, how these are modified during the various steps of the production process, and how they affect the wine quality, sensorial aspects, and physiological activity, etc. The third section describes undesirable alterations of wines, including those affecting quality and food safety. Finally, the treatment of data will be considered, an aspect which has not yet been tackled in any other book on enology. In this chapter, the authors not only explain the tools available for analytical data processing, but also indicate the most appropriate treatment to apply, depending on the information required, illustrating with examples throughout the chapter from enological literature.

Basic Protocols in Enology and Winemaking

Basic Protocols in Enology and Winemaking
Author: Maurício Bonatto Machado de Castilhos
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 198
Release: 2023-05-12
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1071630881
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This volume details methods using classical apparatus and mechanisms to study enology and winemaking. Chapters guide readers through protocols on titration, distillation, spectrophotometry, advanced methods applying High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-MSn), Gas Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). Authoritative and cutting-edge, Basic Protocols in Enology and Winemaking aims to be a useful and practical guide to new researchers and experts looking to expand their knowledge.