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Masonry Construction in Active Seismic Regions

Masonry Construction in Active Seismic Regions
Author: Rajesh Rupakhety
Publisher: Woodhead Publishing
Total Pages: 482
Release: 2021-05-12
Genre: Architecture
ISBN: 0128231963
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During earthquakes, masonry buildings are the most affected, and consequently, damage to these buildings leads to massive loss of life and property. Masonry buildings comprise probably the greatest share of overall housing stock, and in turn, understanding their performance during earthquakes is a pivotal problem in seismic regions. Masonry Construction in Active Seismic Regions presents details on the kinds of masonry building found in seismic regions of the world. The title describes interventions, such as retrofitted solutions, dynamic identification, and improved construction after earthquakes, that are equally applicable to regions of moderate and high seismicity. The book covers representative masonry buildings from active seismic regions, the material properties of masonry construction, numerical modelling techniques and computational advances, seismic performance of non-engineered masonry buildings, resilience in typical construction, retrofitting, and the cultural values and structural characterization of heritage masonry buildings in active seismic regions. This book is unique in its global and systematic coverage of masonry construction in seismic regions. Identifies the material properties of masonry construction from a seismic perspective Covers representative masonry buildings from active seismic regions, providing a benchmark to understand existing building stocks Provides numerical modelling techniques and reviews computational advances, including a large test database Details the seismic performance of non-engineered masonry buildings, as well as the cultural values and structural characterisation of heritage masonry constructions Analyses typical or vernacular constructions which have earthquake resilient features, such as Dhajji-Dewari, Borbone, Pombalino, and Himis

Earthquake-resistant Design Of Masonry Buildings

Earthquake-resistant Design Of Masonry Buildings
Author: Miha Tomazevic
Publisher: World Scientific
Total Pages: 281
Release: 1999-07-05
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1783262524
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In the last few decades, a considerable amount of experimental and analytical research on the seismic behaviour of masonry walls and buildings has been carried out. The investigations resulted in the development of methods for seismic analysis and design, as well as new technologies and construction systems. After many centuries of traditional use and decades of allowable stress design, clear concepts for limit state verification of masonry buildings under earthquake loading have recently been introduced in codes of practice.Although this book is not a review of the state-of-the-art of masonry structures in earthquake zones, an attempt has been made to balance the discussion on recent code requirements, state-of-the-art methods of earthquake-resistant design and the author's research work, in order to render the book useful for a broader application in design practice. An attempt has also been made to present, in a condensed but easy to understand way, all the information needed for earthquake-resistant design of masonry buildings constructed using traditional systems. The basic concepts of limit state verification are presented and equations for seismic resistance verification of masonry walls of all types of construction, (unreinforced, confined and reinforced) as well as masonry-infilled reinforced concrete frames, are addressed. A method for seismic resistance verification, compatible with recent code requirements, is also discussed. In all cases, experimental results are used to explain the proposed methods and equations.An important part of this book is dedicated to the discussion of the problems of repair, retrofit and rehabilitation of existing masonry buildings, including historical structures in urban centres. Methods of strengthening masonry walls as well as improving the structural integrity of existing buildings are described in detail. Wherever possible, experimental evidence regarding the effectiveness of the proposed strengthening methods is given.

Behaviour of Masonry Wall at Corners Under Earthquake

Behaviour of Masonry Wall at Corners Under Earthquake
Author: Nitin Bansal
Publisher: Independently Published
Total Pages: 122
Release: 2020-02-13
Genre:
ISBN:
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Building structures using masonry is one of the most widely adopted construction practices. However, its seismic performance in earthquake prone regions is a major concern. Majority of the research work which has been carried out for studying the failure pattern of masonry, either targets in-plane failure or out-of-plane failure of walls. However, various survey reports on the damage caused by earthquakes mention about failure of the corner walls of masonry structures such as those situated at the end of a row of structures, in a peculiar manner. Failure in such walls is characterized by the simultaneous overturning of a portion of orthogonal walls which is possible only if lateral loads act along the corners, implying each corner wall is subjected to bidirectional loading. Since the literature addressing such failure, are limited, therefore this study has been carried out to explore the reasons leading to corner failure of masonry structures.In this study, in order to examine the failure pattern at corner in dry masonry structures, finite element (FE) technique was adopted. Various masonry models with varying vertical load were subjected to dynamic loading along the corner to observe their combined effect on failure pattern. This analysis showed the pattern of propagation of crack through the bed joint along under varying dead load conditions. Since it is not possible to perform FE analysis for all the masonry structures, mathematical relations were derived to calculate the limiting acceleration at which corner failure can occur. These relations were obtained by assuming feasible failure mechanisms and applying the concept of limit state analysis. For studying the failure pattern of corner in mortar bonded masonry, the FE approach adopted for dry masonry was extended. Micro-modelling which is mostly adopted for modelling mortar bonded masonry was modified by introducing the concept of equivalent friction to simulate the behaviour of mortar in shear. Cracks were observed to pass through the bricks along with the bed joints which lead to toe crushing due to overturning of failure portion. Through this study an understanding of failure of the corner has been developed.

Masonry Buildings: Research and Practice

Masonry Buildings: Research and Practice
Author: Tanja Kalman Šipoš
Publisher: MDPI
Total Pages: 202
Release: 2019-09-03
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3039213733
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Masonry is a construction material that has been used throughout the years as a structural or non-structural component in buildings. Masonry can be described as a composite material made up of different units and diverse types of arrangements, with or without mortar, that is used in many ancient public buildings, as well as with the latest technologies being applied in construction. Research in multiple relevant fields, as well as crossing structural with non-structural needs, is crucial for understanding the qualities of existent buildings and to develop new products and construction technologies. This book addresses and promotes the discussion related to the different topics addressing the use of masonry in the construction sciences and in practice, including theory and research, numerical approaches and technical applications in new works, and repair actions and interventions in the built environment, connecting theory and application across topics from academia to industry.

Statics of Historic Masonry Constructions

Statics of Historic Masonry Constructions
Author: Mario Como
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 661
Release: 2017-07-05
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3319547380
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Masonry constructions are the great majority of the buildings in Europe’s historic centres and the most important monuments of its architectural heritage. Given the age of these constructions, the demand for safety assessments and restoration projects is pressing and constant; still within the broad studies in the subject it is not yet recognised, in particular within the seismic area, a unitary approach to deal with Masonry structures. This successful book contributes to clarify the issues with a rigorous approach offering a comprehensive new Statics of Masonry Constructions. This third edition has been driven by some recent developments of the research in the field, and it gives the fundamentals of Statics with an original and rigorous mathematical formulation, further in-depth inquired in this new version. With many refinements and improvements, the book investigates the static behaviour of many historic monuments, such as the Gothic Cathedrals, the Mycenaean Tholoi, the Pantheon, the Colosseum, the domes of Santa Maria del Fiore in Florence and St Peter’s in Rome, as well as the Leaning Tower of Pisa. The last chapter – the 11th - regarding the behaviour of masonry buildings under seismic actions, has been modified and integrated in order to take into account the numerous recent achievements of the research in the dynamic and seismic analysis. The focal point is that there’s no dissipation of energy during the deformation of masonry structures, even if accompanied by cracks. If properly reinforced, masonry constructions have the sole resource to escape the seismic action developing the rocking without failure, under alternate seismic action. In this context, the rocking of pier walls, the main resistant components of the masonry structure, has been here thoroughly examined. Furthermore, the out of plane and the in-plane seismic strengths of masonry walls with openings has been investigated within the framework of Limit Analysis. Through an interdisciplinary approach, involving Mathematics, Engineering and Architecture, this book highlights the tight connection existing between the Statics of Masonry constructions and the principles that ruled the history of constructions, since the beginnings as far as the Seventeenth century.

Masonry Construction

Masonry Construction
Author: C.R. Calladine
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 103
Release: 2013-03-09
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9401721882
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This volume contains eight contributions on the common theme of masonry construction. The publication coincides with the retirement of Dr Jacques Heyman from his Professorship of Engineering in the University of Cambridge, and Headship of the University's Engineering Department. It is entirely appropriate to have a collection of papers in honour of Professor Heyman at this time; for he has made signal contributions to our understanding of masonry construction over the past thirty years or so. It is no exaggeration to say that he has radically changed the way in which engineers think about masonry structures, particularly in relation to the old ecclesiastical buildings and bridges. Indeed it is hard to imagine what this subject would be like today in the absence of Professor Heyman's seminal papers.