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Managing Payment System Risk During the Transition From a Centrally Planned to a Market Economy

Managing Payment System Risk During the Transition From a Centrally Planned to a Market Economy
Author: Mr.Andrew T. Hook
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 50
Release: 1992-11-01
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1451851766

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The objectives and functions of payments systems in centrally planned economies are described and analyzed. These are compared to those of payments systems in market economies and to the characteristics of an ideal payments system. The dominant role of the state in the centrally planned economies meant that the state underwrote virtually all payments risk. With the withdrawal of the state, however, participants became exposed to credit, liquidity, and operational risks. In the transition, the central bank has a key role to play in payments systems. Areas where rapid improvements are possible are: accounting, clearing, settlement, netting and standardization.


Payment Systems

Payment Systems
Author: David B. Humphrey
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Total Pages: 114
Release: 1995
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9780821331118

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World Bank Technical Paper No. 260. An efficient payment system is a necessary precondition for business development. This study outlines the basic operating principles of a payment system and reviews its benefits, costs, risks, and problems. It examines in detail the systems currently in place in the developed economies of Europe and the United States and draws from the analyses to support recommendations for restructuring those systems in developing countries. The study reviews the various types of payment practices that exist in mature systems including cash, check, GIRO, debit and credit card, direct debit, and large-value wire transfers. A range of short- and long-term improvements in payment systems are recommended for developing countries. There is a special focus on the Russian payment system and the problems it faces in transition from a centrally planned to an market economy.


Risks in Large Value Payment Systems

Risks in Large Value Payment Systems
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2010
Genre:
ISBN:

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Payment system is an integral part of the entire banking system in every country. Payment systems in centrally-planned economies differ greatly from market-driven economies. Almost all market-driven economies depend heavily on latest technology for efficient functioning of payment systems. The same technology is also a source of risks, which are found only in technology oriented payment systems, such as systemic risk. The discussion on LVPS assumes important dimensions due to its direct implications on financial market. The efficient functioning of payment system is necessary for the efficient functioning of the financial sector. Strong and sound payment system is required not only for long term stability of financial system but also for trouble free day-to-day working of settlements. The transaction on the financial market, generate risks for counterparties who undertake them, for the bankers, for the other intermediaries and for the central bank. The risks are greater in the case of LVPS. The disturbances in these settlements can have wider repercussions for the financial system and the economy as a whole. Due to application of technology the time taken for settling the transactions has been drastically reduced increasing to large volumes exposures. The structure of payment system determines the type of risk, who bears the risks and the vulnerability of the system.


Transforming Payment Systems

Transforming Payment Systems
Author: Setsuya Sat?
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Total Pages: 56
Release: 1995-01-01
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9780821333556

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Emphasizes the importance of designing a well-functioning intergovernmental fiscal system for achieving the reform objectives of economies in transition. This study explores the issues involved in redesigning intergovernmental relations in Albania, Bulgaria, Hungary, Poland, Romania, the Russian Federation, and Ukraine, where extensive political and fiscal decentralization is now underway. The volume focuses on the elements of decentralization in the transitional economies that distinguish them from those in the rest of the world. The book shows that in the transition from a command to a market economy, designing a well-functioning intergovernmental fiscal system is a prerequisite for achieving other reform objectives: macroeconomic stability, private sector development, and a social safety net for those hurt by the transition. The study further demonstrates that a broader analytical framework than is conventionally involved in the study of intergovernmental finance is needed for analyzing fiscal issues in these economies.


Managing Climate Risk in the U.S. Financial System

Managing Climate Risk in the U.S. Financial System
Author: Leonardo Martinez-Diaz
Publisher: U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission
Total Pages: 196
Release: 2020-09-09
Genre: Science
ISBN: 057874841X

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This publication serves as a roadmap for exploring and managing climate risk in the U.S. financial system. It is the first major climate publication by a U.S. financial regulator. The central message is that U.S. financial regulators must recognize that climate change poses serious emerging risks to the U.S. financial system, and they should move urgently and decisively to measure, understand, and address these risks. Achieving this goal calls for strengthening regulators’ capabilities, expertise, and data and tools to better monitor, analyze, and quantify climate risks. It calls for working closely with the private sector to ensure that financial institutions and market participants do the same. And it calls for policy and regulatory choices that are flexible, open-ended, and adaptable to new information about climate change and its risks, based on close and iterative dialogue with the private sector. At the same time, the financial community should not simply be reactive—it should provide solutions. Regulators should recognize that the financial system can itself be a catalyst for investments that accelerate economic resilience and the transition to a net-zero emissions economy. Financial innovations, in the form of new financial products, services, and technologies, can help the U.S. economy better manage climate risk and help channel more capital into technologies essential for the transition. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5247742


The Federal Reserve System Purposes and Functions

The Federal Reserve System Purposes and Functions
Author: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2002
Genre: Banks and Banking
ISBN: 9780894991967

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Provides an in-depth overview of the Federal Reserve System, including information about monetary policy and the economy, the Federal Reserve in the international sphere, supervision and regulation, consumer and community affairs and services offered by Reserve Banks. Contains several appendixes, including a brief explanation of Federal Reserve regulations, a glossary of terms, and a list of additional publications.


The Payments System and its Effectson Monetary Operations

The Payments System and its Effectson Monetary Operations
Author: International Monetary Fund
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 66
Release: 1994-11-01
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1451855427

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Recent developments and reforms in the Russian payments system are discussed from the perspective of their impact on monetary policy. The large and highly variable payment float in the balance sheet of the Central Bank of Russia has complicated the conduct of monetary policy. However, reforms in late 1992 and early 1993 have been effective, as judged from their impact in reducing the level and variability of float, and have set the stage for medium-term reforms of the payments system. Rapid progress in the implementation of these reforms, and their appropriate coordination with monetary operations, remain critical to meet the emerging needs in money and foreign exchange markets, and to support the transition to indirect methods of monetary control.


China's Financial Sector Reform in the Transition to a Market Economy

China's Financial Sector Reform in the Transition to a Market Economy
Author: Feng Wei
Publisher: Mohr Siebeck
Total Pages: 334
Release: 2000
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9783825845551

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" The book is a problem-oriented study of China's financial sector in the transitional process since 1979. It provides deep and precise insights into the characteristics and problems of China's financial sector with respect to investment finance, the central banking and commercial banking systems, the financial market, and the legal and institutional framework of bank supervision in China. More importantly, the book has also proposed workable strategies for resolving two acute problems: interest rate liberalization and solving the issue of non-performing loans in China's banking system. The recent financial crisis in Asia is also a subject of the book, especially as regards its effects on the banking sector, stock markets, and extemal financial market liberalization in China. Furthermore, a projection is made about the trends in Chinese economic policies, particularly the interest rate policy, the exchange rate policy, and the fiscal policy, and about the perspectives of China's financial sector reform. This book is a valuable reference for academic researchers, investors, business managers, and policy-makers who are concemed with China's banking and financial system. "