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MAGIC and ULTRA in the China-Burma-India Threater

MAGIC and ULTRA in the China-Burma-India Threater
Author: Stephen K. Fitzgerald
Publisher:
Total Pages: 76
Release: 1992
Genre: World War, 1939-1945
ISBN:

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The U.S. broke the Japanese diplomatic cipher 'Purple, ' codenamed MAGIC, prior to Pearl Harbor. Decoding success with the various Japanese military codes, codenamed ULTRA, was not achieved until 1943. MAGIC and military (as distinct from naval) ULTRA were the responsibility of the U.S. Army. All MAGIC and ULTRA decrypts were shared with the British. MAGIC and ULTRA were made available to major commanders in the China-Burma-India Theater as they became available. This study makes use of the official U.S. Army history of the theater, intelligence histories, the daily 'Magic Summaries, ' and ULTRA material to examine the operational use of MAGIC and ULTRA. The study focuses on the Second Burma and North Burma Campaigns while making observations about the Salween Campaign and the British defense of India. The study concludes that neither ULTRA nor MAGIC were able to consistently fathom Japanese intentions in Burma and that the ultimate importance of MAGIC and ULTRA was to confirm intelligence obtained from other sources. Nevertheless, as the war went on, ULTRA revealed more and more of Japanese operational goals.


Field Marshal William J. Slim: The Great General and the Breaking of the Glass Ceiling

Field Marshal William J. Slim: The Great General and the Breaking of the Glass Ceiling
Author: LTC Edward P. Egan
Publisher: Pickle Partners Publishing
Total Pages: 155
Release: 2015-11-06
Genre: History
ISBN: 1786253550

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Field Marshal William J. Slim is considered by many historians to be one of the finest generals of World War II. His accomplishments were truly extraordinary. He commanded a polyglot army, consisting of six different nationalities speaking eight different languages, that fought in some of the most inhospitable, disease-ridden country in the world against the war’s toughest opponent, the Japanese. In March 1942, he assumed command of a British-Indian force in Burma half way through the longest retreat in the British Army’s history. Even though he was unable to reverse the disaster, he kept his force intact and led it to safety. Over the next three and one half years, despite very limited resources and several inept senior commanders, he rebuilt his force into an army that was able to inflict on the Japanese their greatest land defeat of World War II. In the process, he conducted four of the most classic operational campaigns of the war—the battle of the Second Arakan; the battles of Kohima and Imphal; the capture of Mandalay and Meiktila; and the pursuit to Rangoon. Throughout his career, but especially during World War II, Slim met all the criteria for a great general and strategic leader as set forth in Lord Wavell’s Generals and Generalship. Despite these great accomplishments, Slim ran into several “glass ceilings” during World War II. Twice he was relieved of command, once immediately after his greatest battlefield victory. This study examines Field Marshal Slim’s leadership. It takes a brief look at his biography, then compares him against Wavell’s standards for generalship by highlighting events from his career that illustrate each standard. Finally, it addresses the issue of the “glass ceiling”—what it is, the events surrounding Slim’s encounters with it, and how Slim was able to overcome it. The intent is to show that Slim was not only a great World War II general, but is still a model of leadership worthy of study by the U.S. Army.


Signals Intelligence in World War II

Signals Intelligence in World War II
Author: Donal J. Sexton
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Total Pages: 208
Release: 1996-06-18
Genre: History
ISBN: 0313037671

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In 1974 Frederick W. Winterbotham's book The Ultra Secret disclosed the Allied success in breaking the German high command ciphers in World War II, and a new form of history began—the study of intelligence and its impact on military operations and international politics. This guide documents and annotates over 800 sources that have appeared in the past 20 years. It examines and evaluates primary and secondary sources dealing with the role of ULTRA and MAGIC in the Pearl Harbor attack, the battles of the Atlantic, Coral Sea, and Midway, and the campaigns in the Mediterranean, Northwest Europe, the Middle East, and the Pacific, as well as in the realm of espionage and special operations. It also covers sources on the Sigint and cryptanalytic programs of the Axis and neutral powers. The book examines and annotates primary and secondary sources on the role of ULTRA and MAGIC in the Pearl Harbor attack, the battles of the Atlantic, Coral Sea, and Midway, and the campaigns in the Mediterranean, Northwest Europe, the Middle East, and the Pacific, as well as in the realm of espionage and special operations. It also provides details on sources concerned with Sigint and cryptanalytic programs of the Axis and neutral powers.


Nations in the Balance

Nations in the Balance
Author: Christopher L. Kolakowski
Publisher: Casemate
Total Pages: 257
Release: 2022-03-18
Genre: History
ISBN: 1636240976

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An account of the decisive WWII battles that helped shape Asia’s future: “Reminds us of the high stakes at risk for both Allies and Axis powers in Burma.” —Military Review From December 1943 to August 1944, Allied and Japanese forces fought the decisive battles of World War II in Southeast Asia. Fighting centered around North Burma, Imphal, Kohima, and the Arakan, involving troops from all over the world along a battlefront the combined size of Pennsylvania and Ohio. The campaigns brought nations into collision for the highest stakes: British and Indian troops fighting for Empire, the Indo-Japanese forces seeking a prestige victory with an invasion of India and the Americans and Chinese focused on helping China and reopening the Burma Road. Events turned on the decisions of the principal commanders—Admiral Louis Mountbatten and Generals Joseph Stilwell, William Slim, Orde Wingate, and Mutaguchi Renya, among many others. The impact of the fighting was felt in London, Tokyo, Washington, and other places far away from the battlefront, with effects that presaged postwar political relationships. This was also the first U.S. involvement in Southeast Asia, and Stilwell’s operations in some ways foreshadowed battles in Vietnam two decades later. Nations in the Balance recounts these battles, offering dramatic and compelling stories of people fighting in difficult conditions against high odds, with far-reaching results. It also shows how they proved important to the postwar future of the participant nations and Asia as a whole, with effects that still reverberate decades after the war.


The German Enigma Cipher Machine

The German Enigma Cipher Machine
Author: Brian J. Winkel
Publisher: Artech House Publishers
Total Pages: 460
Release: 2005
Genre: Computers
ISBN:

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This new, one-of-a-kind volume contains original essays, historical and technical papers, and translations of historical materials and retrospectives concerning the German Enigma Cipher machine. You get a comprehensive view of the Enigma machine's development, uses, role in WWII Allied intelligence, and cryptanalysis. From "The Commercial Enigma: Beginnings of Machine Cryptography" and "An Enigma Chronology" to "The Road to German Diplomatic Ciphers - 1941 -1945" and "The Geheimschreiber", all the papers in this volume are reprints of classic articles that originally appeared in the pages of the distinguished journal, CRYPTOLOGIA. Moreover, the book contains over 100 technical reviews of materials related to Enigma ? materials that have led in the exposure of Enigma related issues over the 28 years of the journal's publication.


ULTRA and the Army Air Forces in World War II

ULTRA and the Army Air Forces in World War II
Author: Lewis F. Powell
Publisher: Air Force
Total Pages: 228
Release: 1987
Genre: History
ISBN:

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Continuing the historical series of the US Air Force. This volume reviews the methods of intelligence in use in World War II.


Piercing the Fog

Piercing the Fog
Author: John F. Kreis
Publisher: Department of the Air Force
Total Pages: 526
Release: 1996
Genre: History
ISBN:

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John F. Kreis, general editor. Focuses on how airmen built intelligence organizations during World War 2 to collect and process information about the enemy and how they produced and disseminated this intelligence to decisionmakers and warfighters.