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Low Sulphur Fuel Oil (LSFO)

Low Sulphur Fuel Oil (LSFO)
Author: Fritt-Rasmussen, Janne
Publisher: Nordic Council of Ministers
Total Pages: 58
Release: 2023-01-17
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9289374454

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Available online: https://pub.norden.org/temanord2022-558/ A growing number of low sulphur fuel oils (LSFOs) are being marketed as a result of new international rules to reduce the sulphur content of ship fuels. This project aims to strengthen the knowledge base on environmental fate and behaviour of LSFO spills in cold seawater. The project includes laboratory experiments to investigate the effectiveness of combating LSFO spills by in-situ burning and chemical dispersion, and the potential for biodegradation. The results indicated that the LSFOs tested had a limited potential of natural and chemical dispersion, were ignitable and that between 20-50% were biodegraded in cold seawater. Overall, the results indicate that the tested LSFOs likely have a high degree of persistence on the sea surface and shoreline even when chemical dispersion or in-situ burning is attempted.


Some Methods to Prevent the Wear of Piston-Cylinder When Using Low Sulphur Fuel Oil (LSFO) for All Ships Sailing on Emission Control Areas (ECAs)

Some Methods to Prevent the Wear of Piston-Cylinder When Using Low Sulphur Fuel Oil (LSFO) for All Ships Sailing on Emission Control Areas (ECAs)
Author: Tien Anh Tran
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2020
Genre: Electronic books
ISBN:

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The IMO (International Maritime Organization) of MARPOL 73/78, Regulations for the Prevention of Air Pollution from Ships, has been adopted and took effect from May 2005 and had significantly to the present. The increases in a number of ships are leading to a large of number of exhaust gas emission into the environment. It is main reason that the Annex VI, MARPOL 73/78 is extremely necessary to require the ships need to comply. Furthermore, the marine fuel is used mainly for marine diesel engine nowadays, heavy fuel oil with high sulphur content. However, the IMO,Äôs regulations show that from January 1, 2020, fuel oil that is used on board should have no more than 0.50% sulphur content in order to protect the environment. Its benefit will have positive effect to the environment. On another side, the diesel engine operation especially the corrosion phenomenon for all piston-cylinder components will have negative effect due to the use of low sulphur fuel oil (LSFO). This chapter concentrates on researching the above phenomenon and gives some methods to restrict the negative influence on using the kind of low sulphur fuel oil. The results are fundamental knowledge for all vessels to comply the regulations of MARPOL 73/78 while sailing on ECAs.


Diesel and Gasoline Engines

Diesel and Gasoline Engines
Author: Richard Viskup
Publisher:
Total Pages: 202
Release: 2020-02
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 178985248X

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The internal combustion engine was invented around 1790 by various scientists and engineers worldwide. Since then the engines have gone through many modifications and improvements. Today, different applications of engines form a significant technological importance in our everyday lives, leading to the evolution of our modern civilization. The invention of diesel and gasoline engines has definitely changed our lifestyles as well as shaped our priorities. The current engines serve innumerable applications in various types of transportation, in harsh environments, in construction, in diverse industries, and also as back-up power supply systems for hospitals, security departments, and other institutions. However, heavy duty or light duty engines have certain major disadvantages, which are well known to everyone. With the increasing usage of diesel and gasoline engines, and the constantly rising number of vehicles worldwide, the main concern nowadays is engine exhaust emissions. This book looks at basic phenomena related to diesel and gasoline engines, combustion, alternative fuels, exhaust emissions, and mitigations.


Marine fuel sulphur record book

Marine fuel sulphur record book
Author: Maritime and Coastguard Agency
Publisher: The Stationery Office
Total Pages: 96
Release: 2010-09-29
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9780115530449

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Essential for all vessels who wish to enter an Emission Control Area, are at berth in a United Kingdom port, or a UK passenger ship operating in UK waters and controlled waters or any other passenger ship which calls at a port in the UK. The Merchant Shipping (prevention of Air Pollution from Ships) Regulation 2008, as amended, require that the master of a ship to which the regulations apply make a record to demonstrate compliance for any ship using separate fuel oils and make a record of any fuel changeover operation. The master of a ship to which the regulations apply is required to make a record: (a) in the case of a UK ship, in a log book in the format prescribed in Appendix 6 to Merchant Shipping Notice 1819 (M+F); (b) in the case of any other ship, in a ship's log book. This log book has been approved by the Maritime and Coastguard Agency for use on United Kingdom ships when recording the use of maritime fuel oil in accordance with the requirements of Annex VI of MARPOL and for ships at berth in United Kingdom ports in accordance with EU Directive 199/32/EC, as amended by Directive 2005/33/EC regarding the sulphur content of marine fuels.


Imo 2020

Imo 2020
Author: INTERNATIONAL MARITIME ORGANIZATION.
Publisher:
Total Pages: 112
Release: 2019-10
Genre:
ISBN: 9789280117189

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MARPOL VI was developed through the International Maritime Organization (IMO), a United Nations agency that deals with maritime safety and security, as well as the prevention of marine pollution from ships. MARPOL is the main international agreement covering all types of pollution from ships. Annex VI aims to reduce emissions from ships through international regulations. Regulation 14 - Restricts SOx emissions from ships by introducing a maximum sulphur content in marine fuels of 4.5 per cent. In addition, MARPOL Annex VI identifies SOx emission control areas (SECA)


Life Cycle Assessment Handbook

Life Cycle Assessment Handbook
Author: Mary Ann Curran
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 634
Release: 2012-10-08
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1118099729

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The first book of its kind, the Life Cycle Assessment Handbook: A Guide for Environmentally Sustainable Products will become an invaluable resource for environmentally progressive manufacturers and suppliers, product and process designers, executives and managers, and government officials who want to learn about this essential component of environmental sustainability. As the last several decades have seen a dramatic rise in the application of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) in decision making, the interest in the life cycle concept as an environmental management and sustainability tool continues to grow. The LCA Handbook offers a look at the role that life cycle information, in the hands of companies, governments, and consumers, may have in improving the environmental performance of products and technologies. It concisely and clearly presents the various aspects of LCA in order to help the reader better understand the subject. The content of the book was designed with a certain flow in mind. After a high-level overview to describe current views and state-of-the-practice of LCA, it presents chapters that address specific LCA methodological issues including creating life cycle inventory, life cycle impact assessment, and capturing eco-systems services. These are followed by example applications of LCA in the agri-food industry; sustainable supply chain management; solid waste management; mining and mineral extraction; forest products; buildings; product innovation; and sustainable chemistry and engineering. The international success of the sustainability paradigm needs the participation of many stakeholders, including citizens, corporations, academia, and NGOs. The handbook links LCA and responsible decision making and how the life cycle concept is a critical element in environmental sustainability. It covers issues such as building capacity in developing countries and emerging economies so that they are more capable of harnessing the potential in LCA for sustainable development. Governments play a very important role with the leverage they have through procurement, regulation, international treaties, tax incentives, public outreach, and other policy tools. This compilation points to the clear trend for incorporating life cycle information into the design and development processes for products and policies, just as quality and safety concerns are now addressed throughout product design and development.


Fundamentals of Petroleum Refining

Fundamentals of Petroleum Refining
Author: Mohamed A. Fahim
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 513
Release: 2009-11-19
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0080931561

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Fundamentals of Petroleum Refining presents the fundamentals of thermodynamics and kinetics, and it explains the scientific background essential for understanding refinery operations. The text also provides a detailed introduction to refinery engineering topics, ranging from the basic principles and unit operations to overall refinery economics. The book covers important topics, such as clean fuels, gasification, biofuels, and environmental impact of refining, which are not commonly discussed in most refinery textbooks. Throughout the source, problem sets and examples are given to help the reader practice and apply the fundamental principles of refining. Chapters 1-10 can be used as core materials for teaching undergraduate courses. The first two chapters present an introduction to the petroleum refining industry and then focus on feedstocks and products. Thermophysical properties of crude oils and petroleum fractions, including processes of atmospheric and vacuum distillations, are discussed in Chapters 3 and 4. Conversion processes, product blending, and alkylation are covered in chapters 5-10. The remaining chapters discuss hydrogen production, clean fuel production, refining economics and safety, acid gas treatment and removal, and methods for environmental and effluent treatments. This source can serve both professionals and students (on undergraduate and graduate levels) of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Chemistry, and Chemical Technology. Beginners in the engineering field, specifically in the oil and gas industry, may also find this book invaluable. Provides balanced coverage of fundamental and operational topics Includes spreadsheets and process simulators for showing trends and simulation case studies Relates processing to planning and management to give an integrated picture of refining


Aimms Optimization Modeling

Aimms Optimization Modeling
Author: Johannes Bisschop
Publisher: Lulu.com
Total Pages: 318
Release: 2006
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 1847539122

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The AIMMS Optimization Modeling book provides not only an introduction to modeling but also a suite of worked examples. It is aimed at users who are new to modeling and those who have limited modeling experience. Both the basic concepts of optimization modeling and more advanced modeling techniques are discussed. The Optimization Modeling book is AIMMS version independent.


Fuel Systems for IC Engines

Fuel Systems for IC Engines
Author: Institution of Mechanical Engineers
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 348
Release: 2012-03-06
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0857096044

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This book presents the papers from the latest conference in this successful series on fuel injection systems for internal combustion engines. It is vital for the automotive industry to continue to meet the demands of the modern environmental agenda. In order to excel, manufacturers must research and develop fuel systems that guarantee the best engine performance, ensuring minimal emissions and maximum profit. The papers from this unique conference focus on the latest technology for state-of-the-art system design, characterisation, measurement, and modelling, addressing all technological aspects of diesel and gasoline fuel injection systems. Topics range from fundamental fuel spray theory, component design, to effects on engine performance, fuel economy and emissions. Presents the papers from the IMechE conference on fuel injection systems for internal combustion engines Papers focus on the latest technology for state-of-the-art system design, characterisation, measurement and modelling; addressing all technological aspects of diesel and gasoline fuel injection systems Topics range from fundamental fuel spray theory and component design to effects on engine performance, fuel economy and emissions