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Lock, Stock, and Icebergs

Lock, Stock, and Icebergs
Author: Adam Lajeunesse
Publisher: UBC Press
Total Pages: 421
Release: 2016-01-15
Genre: History
ISBN: 0774831111

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In 1988, after years of failed negotiations over the status of the Northwest Passage, Brian Mulroney gave Ronald Reagan a globe, pointed to the Arctic, and said “Ron that’s ours. We own it lock, stock, and icebergs.” A simple statement, it summed up a hundred years of official policy. Since the nineteenth century, Canadian governments have claimed ownership of the land and the icy passageways that make up the Arctic Archipelago. Unfortunately for Ottawa, many countries – including the United States – still do not recognize these as internal Canadian waters. Crucial to understanding the complex nature of Canadian Arctic sovereignty is an understanding of its history. Lock, Stock, and Icebergs draws on recently declassified Canadian and American archival material to chart the origins and development of Canadian Arctic maritime policy. Uncovering decades of internal policy debates, secret negotiations with the United States, and long-classified joint-defence projects, Adam Lajeunesse traces the circuitous history of Canada’s Arctic maritime sovereignty.


Frontier Science

Frontier Science
Author: Matthew S. Wiseman
Publisher: University of Toronto Press
Total Pages: 276
Release: 2024-03-26
Genre: History
ISBN: 148751963X

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Between 1945 and 1970, Canada’s Department of National Defence sponsored scientific research into the myriad challenges of military operations in cold regions. To understand and overcome the impediments of the country’s cold climate, scientists studied cold-weather acclimatization, hypothermia, frostbite, and psychological morale for soldiers assigned to active duty in northern Canada. Frontier Science investigates the history of military science in northern Canada during this period of the Cold War, highlighting the consequences of government-funded research for humans and nature alike. The book reveals how under the guise of “environmental protection” research, the Canadian military sprayed pesticides to clear bushed areas, used radioactive substances to investigate vector-borne diseases, pursued race-based theories of cold tolerance, and enabled wide-ranging tests of newly developed weapons and equipment. In arguing that military research in northern Canada was a product of the Cold War, Matthew S. Wiseman tackles questions of government power, scientific authority, and medical and environmental research ethics. Based on a long and deep pursuit of declassified records, archival sources, and oral testimony, Frontier Science is a fascinating new history of military approaches to the human-nature relationship.


Breaking Through

Breaking Through
Author: Wilfrid Greaves
Publisher: University of Toronto Press
Total Pages: 278
Release: 2021-02-01
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1487531052

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Globalization, climate change, and increased geopolitical competition are having a profound impact on the Arctic, affecting how we understand both sovereignty and security within the region. In Breaking Through, a diverse group of emerging and established scholars examine Arctic sovereignty and security, rarely examined together, and present a theoretically robust study of Arctic sovereignty and security in both historical and contemporary contexts. Throughout the volume, readers will discover fresh perspectives on under-studied dimensions of Arctic sovereignty, including: environmental changes, foreign and security policies, and how Indigenous peoples interact to produce different meanings of sovereignty and security in the Arctic. Drawing on extensive primary and secondary research, Breaking Through offers important and timely conclusions for policymakers, advocates, scholars, and students.


Lock, Stock, and Icebergs?

Lock, Stock, and Icebergs?
Author: Adam Lajeunesse
Publisher:
Total Pages: 15
Release: 2008
Genre: Canada
ISBN:

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Navigating a Changing World

Navigating a Changing World
Author: Geoffrey Hale
Publisher: University of Toronto Press
Total Pages: 625
Release: 2021-04-07
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1487537719

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The negotiation of the Canada–U.S. Free Trade agreement in 1985–88 initiated a period of substantially increased North American, and later, global economic integration. However, events since the election of Donald Trump in 2016 have created the potential for major policy shifts arising from NAFTA’s renegotiation and continuing political uncertainties in the United States and with Canada’s other major trading partners. Navigating a Changing World draws together scholars from both countries to examine Canada–U.S. policy relations, the evolution of various processes for regulating market and human movements across national borders, and the specific application of these dynamics to a cross-section of policy fields with significant implications for Canadian public policy. It explores the impact of territorial institutions and extra-territorial forces – institutional, economic, and technological, among others – on interactions across national borders, both within North America and, where relevant, in broader economic relationships affecting the movement of goods, services, people, and capital. Above all, Navigating a Changing World represents the first major study to address Canada’s international policy relations within and beyond North America since the elections of Justin Trudeau in 2015 and Donald Trump in 2016 and the renegotiation of NAFTA.


Routledge Handbook of Arctic Security

Routledge Handbook of Arctic Security
Author: Gunhild Hoogensen Gjørv
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 453
Release: 2020-01-09
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1351968238

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The Routledge Handbook of Arctic Security offers a comprehensive examination of security in the region, encompassing both state-based and militarized notions of security, as well as broader security perspectives reflecting debates about changes in climate, environment, economies, and societies. Since the turn of the century, the Arctic has increasingly been in the global spotlight, resulting in the often invoked idea of “Arctic exceptionalism” being questioned. At the same time, the unconventional political power which the Arctic’s Indigenous peoples hold calls into question conventional ideas about geopolitics and security. This handbook examines security in this region, revealing contestations and complementarities between narrower, state-based and/or militarized notions of security and broader security perspectives reflecting concerns and debates about changes in climate, environment, economies, and societies. The volume is split into five thematic parts: • Theorizing Arctic Security • The Arctic Powers • Security in the Arctic through Governance • Non-Arctic States, Regional and International Organizations • People, States, and Security. This book will be of great interest to students of Arctic politics, global governance, geography, security studies, and International Relations.


History Has Made Us Friends

History Has Made Us Friends
Author: Donald E. Abelson
Publisher: McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
Total Pages: 198
Release: 2024-06-15
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 0228021553

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Separated by the world’s longest land border and engaging in over three billion dollars in trade daily, Canada and the United States share security concerns, cultural interests, and a history spanning more than 250 years. Alan Rock, former Canadian ambassador to the United States, has said that this special relationship represents “a bond that is beyond practical. It borders on mystical.” The rise of nativist sentiment, however, has raised concerns over preserving this relationship. History Has Made Us Friends illuminates the nature and dynamics of Canada-US relations, examining their history, attributed meaning, and conceptualization. Contributors consider many angles and perspectives, including the impact of geopolitical change, to determine whether the relationship warrants the moniker “special.” They explore whether shared values and demographic similarities continue to cement the relationship, and if it still matters whether presidents and prime ministers get along. While things look different today from when President Kennedy declared, “What unites us is far greater than what divides us,” History Has Made Us Friends argues that the Canada-US relationship – often narrowly understood or dismissed as a relic of the past – continues to be unique and resilient.


Exploring Greenland

Exploring Greenland
Author: Ronald E. Doel
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 316
Release: 2016-07-06
Genre: History
ISBN: 1137596880

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Using newly declassified documents, this book explores why U.S. military leaders after World War II sought to monitor the far north and understand the physical environment of Greenland, a crucial territory of Denmark. It reveals a fascinating yet little-known realm of Cold War intrigue and a delicate diplomatic duet between a smaller state and a superpower amid a time of intense global pressures. Written by scholars in Denmark and the United States, this book explores many compelling topics. What led to the creation of the U.S. Thule Air Base in Greenland, one of the world’s largest, and why did the U.S. build a nuclear-powered city under Greenland’s ice cap? How did Danish concern about sovereignty shape scientific research programs in Greenland? Also explored here: why did Denmark’s most famous scientist, Inge Lehmann, became involved in research in Greenland, and what international reverberations resulted from the crash of a U.S. B-52 bomber carrying four nuclear weapons near Thule in January 1968?


Canada 2019-2020

Canada 2019-2020
Author:
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
Total Pages: 232
Release: 2019-10-09
Genre: History
ISBN: 1475852509

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This is an annually updated presentation of Canada past and present.


Voluminous States

Voluminous States
Author: Franck Billé
Publisher: Duke University Press
Total Pages: 179
Release: 2020-07-24
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 1478012064

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From the Arctic to the South China Sea, states are vying to secure sovereign rights over vast maritime stretches, undersea continental plates, shifting ice flows, airspace, and the subsoil. Conceiving of sovereign space as volume rather than area, the contributors to Voluminous States explore how such a conception reveals and underscores the three-dimensional nature of modern territorial governance. In case studies ranging from the United States, Europe, and the Himalayas to Hong Kong, Korea, and Bangladesh, the contributors outline how states are using airspace surveillance, maritime patrols, and subterranean monitoring to gain and exercise sovereignty over three-dimensional space. Whether examining how militaries are digging tunnels to create new theaters of operations, the impacts of climate change on borders, or the relation between borders and nonhuman ecologies, they demonstrate that a three-dimensional approach to studying borders is imperative for gaining a fuller understanding of sovereignty. Contributors. Debbora Battaglia, Franck Billé, Wayne Chambliss, Jason Cons, Hilary Cunningham (Scharper), Klaus Dodds, Elizabeth Cullen Dunn, Gastón Gordillo, Sarah Green, Tina Harris, Caroline Humphrey, Marcel LaFlamme, Lisa Sang Mi Min, Aihwa Ong, Clancy Wilmott, Jerry Zee