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| Author | : Manuel Martina |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2017 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Damien Eschimese |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2019 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Since the start of the 2000s the evolution of tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) has enabled the simultaneous measurement of localized structural, molecular, and physicochemical properties. TERS technology combines scanning probe microscopy -- atomic force microscopy (AFM) -- with near field optical microscopy. The combined technique is referred to as AFM-TERS. The technique harnesses and exploits the generation of surface plasmons on metal surfaces. These plasmons lead to the generation of confined electromagnetic waves in a sub-wavelength volume at the very tip of the AFM-TERS probe. The main technological challenge today is the design and optimization of an AFM-TERS probe having nanometer-sized dimensions -- and the controlled, reproducible batch fabrication of such structures. The objective of the work presented in this PhD thesis was to design, fabricate, and characterize a new type of AFM probe capable of bettering the current state-of-the-art performances. The PhD was carried out in collaboration with HORIBA and funded partly by a French 'CIFRE' grant. In order to meet these objects, comprehensive numerical modelling led to the design of an optimized metal nanostructuring having maximum electromagnetic exaltation -- placed at the extremity of a silicon-based AFM cantilever. A new combined micro and nano fabrication process was developed to achieve this -- to be performed using the existing equipment found in the IEMN cleanroom. The process encompasses techniques such as masking using electron beam (ebeam) lithography and UV photolithography, thermal evaporation of metals and 'lift-off' techniques, and highly-controlled dry etching of small silicon mesas structures and deep etching for MEMS cantilever releasing. The process enables the batch-fabrication manufacture of AFM-TERS probes containing matter on the millimeter scale (the silicon probe support), the micrometer scale (the silicon cantilever), and the nanometer scale (the combined metallic disk and cone having sub-wavelength dimensions). This method allows nanostructuring on the optical/plasmonic behavior of TERS probes, the key factor which will lead to higher performance in TERS. Finally, a further study concerning the inclined evaporation of metallic nanostructures via an ebeam-derived lithographic shadow mask was performed in order to control the size and shape of the nanostructuring. The study proved this approach to be feasible. Furthermore, numerical modelling of such structures suggests that they are potential original candidates for both TERS and SERS (surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy).
| Author | : Cosmin Farcau |
| Publisher | : GRIN Verlag |
| Total Pages | : 154 |
| Release | : 2015-03-03 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3656911215 |
Doctoral Thesis / Dissertation from the year 2008 in the subject Physics - Optics, Babeș-Bolyai Universit, language: English, abstract: Ordered plasmonic nanostructures are currently the subject of numerous scientific studies, due to their potential applications, from optical communications to chemical analyses and biomedicine. This thesis is focused on a special type of periodically ordered two-dimensional (2D) metallo-dielectric structure, noble metal films over microsphere arrays: from their fabrication and characterization, to spectroscopic applications. Prepared structures exhibit remarkable optical properties (including an unusually high transmittance, resembling the extraordinary optical transmission phenomenon), resulting from the excitation of surface plasmons. It is demonstrated that these plasmo-photonic structures are very promising multifunctional active-substrates for Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering, Metal Enhanced Fluorescence, and Surface Plasmon Resonance Spectroscopy. Chapter 1 is devoted to giving an overview of the interesting aspects related to the optical properties and applications of periodically structured metals and dielectrics. We also briefly describe some of the currently developed nanofabrication techniques. A few concepts, like the photonic band and surface plasmon are introduced, being useful for the discussions in the upcoming chapters. We pay a special attention to colloidal photonic crystal films and noble metal structures obtained by templating on two-dimensional colloidal crystals. Chapter 2 presents own experimental results concerning the preparation, characterization and lithographic applications of two-dimensional (2D) colloidal crystal films. Results of the optical properties investigations are presented in Chapter 3, and divided in two main categories: i) photonic properties of bare microsphere arrays, and ii) plasmonic properties of noble metal nanostructured films deposited over microsphere arrays. In Chapter 4 we explore the capabilities of noble metal coated microsphere arrays to improve the sensitivity of optical spectroscopic methods: Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering, Metal Enhanced Fluorescence, and Surface Plasmon Resonance Spectroscopy.
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 339 |
| Release | : 2011-09-22 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 008046789X |
This book discusses the recent advances in the area of near-field Raman scattering, mainly focusing on tip-enhanced and surface-enhanced Raman scattering. Some of the key features covered here are the optical structuring and manipulations, single molecule sensitivity, analysis of single-walled carbon nanotubes, and analytic applications in chemistry, biology and material sciences. This book also discusses the plasmonic materials for better enhancement, and optical antennas. Further, near-field microscopy based on second harmonic generation is also discussed. Chapters have been written by some of the leading scientists in this field, who present some of their recent work in this field. ·Near-field Raman scattering·Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy·Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy·Nano-photonics·Nanoanalysis of Physical, chemical and biological materials beyond the diffraction limits·Single molecule detection
| Author | : Xin Sun |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 153 |
| Release | : 2013 |
| Genre | : Electronic dissertations |
| ISBN | : |
Raman spectroscopy is a spectroscopic technique that provides rich structural information for identifying chemical species but finds limited applications owing to its low sensitivity. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is capable of solving the issue of sensitivity by enormously amplifying the Raman signal through localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) that is induced by so-called plasmonic nanostructures. Since the inception of SERS in 1970s, significant efforts have been put in developing SERS-active substrates with high quality in terms of sensitivity, reliability, reproducibility, scalability, throughput, and cost. At present, however, SERS substrates with sufficiently high quality for both research activities and real-world applications have not stood out yet. In this dissertation, four types of plasmonic Au nanostructures will be reviewed with respects to fabrication, characterization, optimization, and evaluation for SERS applications. Firstly, faceted ZnO/Au nanonecklace arrays epitaxially grown on r-plane sapphire substrates by chemical vapor deposition and sputtering will be introduced. Secondly, Au nanoisland arrays prepared by repeated sputtering and post-deposition annealing will be presented. Thirdly, nanoporous Si/Au composites resulting from metal-assisted wet etching and sputtering will be reported. Lastly, we will present a novel plasma nanocoating technique that overcoats SiO2/Au SERS-active nanostructures with an ultra thin polymer layer, followed by the demonstration of benefits brought by such plasma nanocoating. The properties and growth mechanisms of above mentioned plasmonic Au nanostructures were investigated with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), ellipsometry and contact angle analyzer. By correlating the enhancement of Raman signal with the experimental parameters, recipes for optimized plasmonic nanostructures were established. Furthermore, the applicability of these plasmonic Au nanostructures for SERS purposes was demonstrated by successfully detecting various chemical species at trace level. At the end of the dissertation, a brief summary on these four plasmonic Au nanostructures will be reviewed against the standards of high quality SERS substrates and corresponding recommendations will be proposed to further improve the SERS performance.
| Author | : Mischa Nicklaus |
| Publisher | : BoD – Books on Demand |
| Total Pages | : 154 |
| Release | : 2014-04-22 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3732292789 |
This dissertation focuses on the application of Tip-Enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) to non-transparent and non-conductive samples, allowing for the optical characterization of nanoelectronic devices. As such, nano-crystals are analyzed as a model system for the investigation of chemical and structural properties. Furthermore, a novel method for mapping the refractive index of materials with nanometer resolution is presented. The technological progress of electronics through miniaturization has reached the nanoscale while new materials with high performance and functional properties gain importance. Quality control and the scientific understanding of size effects in electronic nanostructures are required more than ever to consolidate existing technologies and to determine scaling limits of new materials. Conventional techniques, including scanning electron and scanning probe microscopy, provide topographic information but only very limited chemical information to analyze the physical properties of nanomaterials. Chemical and structural sensitivity is available by Raman or infrared spectroscopy, but with a spatial resolution limited to the microscale by the diffraction limit of light. TERS combines the virtues of scanning probe microscopy with those of optical spectroscopy to overcome the diffraction limit through the excitation of surface plasmons on a scanning probe tip to confine light to nanometers. In this work, a TERS system was installed to operate on opaque samples by employing optical side access. TERS probes were fabricated by electrochemical etching and operated in scanning tunneling microscopy and atomic force microscopy with quartz tuning forks to enable scanning on various surfaces. TERS was then applied to ferroelectric lead titanate nano-crystals on a platinized silicon substrate as a model system for nanostructured, charge-based memory devices at the onset of finite size effects.
| Author | : Rajib Biswas |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 498 |
| Release | : 2022-06-21 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3030994910 |
This book gives a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in both theory and practical implementation of plasmonic probes. Encompassing multiple disciplines, the field of plasmonics provides a versatile and flexible platform for nanoscale sensing and imaging. Despite being a relatively young field, plasmonic probes have come a long way, with applications in chemical, biological, civil, and architectural fields as well as enabling many analytical schemes such as immunoassay, biomarkers, environmental indexing, and water quality sensing, to name but a few. The objective of the book is to present in-depth analysis of the theory and applications of novel probes based on plasmonics, with a broad selection of specially-invited chapters on the development, fabrication, functionalization, and implementation of plasmonic probes as well as their integration with current technologies and future outlook. This book is designed to cater to the needs of novice, seasoned researchers and practitioners in academia and industry, as well as medical and environmental fields.
| Author | : Marc Lamy de la Chapelle |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 438 |
| Release | : 2013-01-24 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9814303615 |
This book concentrates on the various fields related to the development of a nanobiosensor and presents the latest information from renowned experts. It focuses on the enhanced spectroscopy, including SERS, SEIRA/SEIRS, and near-field optics, and the related physical processes (optical properties of metallic nanoparticles, plasmon resonance, field enhancement, etc.). Some applications in the biological and medical field are presented to show the potential of such techniques as sensors if combined with functionalization.
| Author | : Claire Margaret Cobley |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 154 |
| Release | : 2010 |
| Genre | : Electronic dissertations |
| ISBN | : |
This research centers around techniques to engineer the properties of noble-metal nanostructures for applications in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and biomedicine. Many of these potential applications are made possible by the strong localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of noble-metal nanostructures, which is heavily influenced by the particle's morphology. The first part of this work focuses on the solution-phase synthesis of Ag nanostructures. In this section, I demonstrate the synthesis of Ag nanostructures with two different morphologies that are interesting for fundamental SERS studies: anisotropically truncated octahedrons and large, single-crystalline spheres. In both syntheses, control over etching was critical to morphological control. The second part of this work discusses galvanic replacement reactions, which can be used to create a variety of hollow, porous nanostructures whose LSPR can be tuned into the near infrared region, a spectral range particularly interesting for biomedical applications due to reduced light attenuation in soft tissue. In this section, I will describe how the nanostructures resulting from galvanic replacement reactions can be engineered by controlling the morphology of the Ag nanostructures used as templates or the metal salt(s) titrated during the reaction. Specifically, I will discuss how the use of template particles with non-uniform surfaces influences the final morphology and how the progression of a galvanic replacement reaction using two different precursors (e.g. HAuCl4 and Na2PdC14) depends strongly on the order that they are added. In the final part of this work, I will discuss the biocompatibility of Au-Ag nanocages with different compositions and surface coatings and their use in two biomedical imaging techniques: as contrast agents in photoacoustic mapping of sentinel lymph nodes and as novel three-photon luminescence probes for in vitro imaging.
| Author | : Tyler J. Dill |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 200 |
| Release | : 2017 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Plasmonic nanoantennas that a support localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) are capable of confining visible light to subwavelength dimensions due to strong electromagnetic field enhancement at the probe tip. Nanoantenna enable optical methods such as tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS), a technique that uses scanning probe microscopy tips to provide chemical information with nanoscale spatial resolution and single-molecule sensitivities. The LSPR supported by the probe tip is extremely sensitive to the nanoscale morphology of the nanoantenna. Control of nanoscale morphology is notoriously difficult to achieve, resulting in TERS probes with poor reproducibility. In my thesis, I demonstrate high-performance, predictable, and broadband nanospectroscopy probes that are fabricated by self-assembly. Shaped metal nanoparticles are organized into dense layers and deposited onto scanning probe tips. When coupled to a metal substrate, these probes support a strong optical resonance in the gap between the substrate and the probe, producing dramatic field enhancements. I show through experiment and electromagnetic modeling that close-packed but electrically isolated nanoparticles are electromagnetically coupled. Hybridized LSPRs supported by self-assembled nanoparticles with a broadband optical response, giving colloidal nanoantenna a high tolerance for geometric variation resulting from fabrication. I find that coupled nanoparticles act as a waveguide, transferring energy from many neighboring nanoparticles towards the active TERS apex. I also use surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) to characterize the effects of nanoparticle polydispersity and gap height on the Raman enhancement. These colloidal probes have consistently achieved dramatic Raman enhancements in the range of 108-109 with sub-50 nm spatial resolution. Furthermore, in contrast to other nanospectroscopy probes, these colloidal probes can be fabricated in a scalable fashion with a batch-to-batch reproducibility of ~80%. This body of work serves as an important demonstration that bottom-up engineering can be used for batch fabricatation of high-performance and high-reliability devices using inexpensive equipment and materials.
