Labor Market Institutions Around The World PDF Download
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Author | : Richard Barry Freeman |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 52 |
Release | : 2007 |
Genre | : Economic development |
ISBN | : |
Download Labor Market Institutions Around the World Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The paper documents the large cross-country differences in labor institutions that make them a candidate explanatory factor for the divergent economic performance of countries and reviews what economists have learned about the effects of these institutions on economic outcomes. It identifies three ways in which institutions affect economic performance: by altering incentives, by facilitating efficient bargaining, and by increasing information, communication, and trust. The evidence shows that labor institutions reduce the dispersion of earnings and income inequality, which alters incentives, but finds equivocal effects on other aggregate outcomes, such as employment and unemployment. Given weaknesses in the cross-country data on which most studies focus, the paper argues for increased use of micro-data, simulations, and experiments to illuminate how labor institutions operate and affect outcomes.
Author | : J. Berg |
Publisher | : Springer |
Total Pages | : 293 |
Release | : 2008-02-22 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 0230584209 |
Download In Defence of Labour Market Institutions Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Though labour market regulations have been blamed for the poor economic performance of many developing countries, the evidence on which this argument rests is weak. Through a survey of different labour market institutions in developing countries, this book reaffirms the importance of labour market institutions in this era of globalization.
Author | : Peter Auer |
Publisher | : International Labour Organization |
Total Pages | : 104 |
Release | : 2005 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 9789221157892 |
Download Active Labour Market Policies Around the World Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Active labor market policies (ALMPs) are found in almost all countries of the world but differ in amplitude, design, and implementation. Comprising an array of measures, ALMPs can take the form of special support for job searching, training and education for the unemployed, and various other subsidies and job creation activities. While providing a valuable overview of the nature of these policies, this book examines some of the pitfalls and challenges countries face when evaluating them. It also provides a policy framework for designing ALMPs that are permanent yet adaptable instruments to cope with changes linked to globalization. Contents Introduction Historical background of ALMPs Definition and functions of ALMPs Contribution of ALMPs to the objectives of employment creation, security in change, equity and poverty reduction Differences in the utilization of ALMPs: Developed, transition and developing countries Evaluation of ALMPs New trends in ALMPs Conclusions: A framework for the management of change Bibliography
Author | : Mr.Romain A Duval |
Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
Total Pages | : 58 |
Release | : 2019-05-21 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1498313264 |
Download Designing Labor Market Institutions in Emerging and Developing Economies Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This paper discusses theoretical aspects and evidences related to designing labor market institutions in emerging market and developing economies. This note reviews the state of theory and evidence on the design of labor market institutions in a developing economy context and then reviews its consistency with actual labor market advice in a selected set of emerging and developing economies. The focus is mainly on three broad sets of institutions that matter for both workers’ protection and labor market efficiency: employment protection, unemployment insurance and social assistance, minimum wages and collective bargaining. Text mining techniques are used to identify IMF recommendations in these areas in Article IV Reports for 30 emerging and frontier economies over 2005–2016. This note has provided a critical review of the literature on the design of labor market institutions in emerging and developing market economies, and benchmarked the advice featured in IMF recommendations for 30 emerging market and frontier economies against the tentative conclusions from the literature.
Author | : Ms.Florence Jaumotte |
Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
Total Pages | : 32 |
Release | : 2015-07-01 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1513577255 |
Download Inequality and Labor Market Institutions Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The SDN examines the role of labor market institutions in the rise of income inequality in advanced economies, alongside other determinants. The evidence strongly indicates that de-unionization is associated with rising top earners’ income shares and less redistribution, while eroding minimum wages are related to increases in overall income inequality. The results, however, also suggest that a lack of representativeness of unions may be associated with higher inequality. These findings do not necessarily constitute a blanket recommendation for higher unionization and minimum wages, as country-specific circumstances and potential trade-offs with other policy objectives need to be considered. Addressing inequality also requires a multipronged approach, which should include taxation reform and curbing excesses associated with financial deregulation.
Author | : Janine Berg |
Publisher | : Edward Elgar Publishing |
Total Pages | : 430 |
Release | : 2015-01-30 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1784712108 |
Download Labour Markets, Institutions and Inequality Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Labour market institutions, including collective bargaining, the regulation of employment contracts and social protection policies, are instrumental for improving the well-being of workers, their families and society. In many countries, these instituti
Author | : Gunther Schmid |
Publisher | : Routledge |
Total Pages | : 299 |
Release | : 2016-09-16 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1315483319 |
Download Labor Market Institutions in Europe: A Socioeconomic Evaluation of Performance Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The outcome of three years of research on the role of institutions in labor markets at the research unit Labor Market Policy and Employment of the Social Science Research Center Berlin, these seven contributions were originally presented at a conference in December 1992 before a group of experts i
Author | : Francine D. Blau |
Publisher | : Russell Sage Foundation |
Total Pages | : 327 |
Release | : 2002-04-11 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1610440676 |
Download At Home and Abroad Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Throughout the latter part of the 20th century, the U.S. labor market performed differently than the labor markets of the world's other advanced industrialized societies. In the early 1970s, the United States had higher unemployment rates than its Western European counterparts. But after two oil crises, rapid technological change, and globalization rocked the world's economies, unemployment fell in the United States, while increasing dramatically in other nations. At the same time, wage inequality widened more in the United States than in Europe. In At Home and Abroad, Cornell University economists Francine D. Blau and Lawrence M. Kahn examine the reasons for these striking dissimilarities between the United States and its economic allies. Comparing countries, the authors find that governments and unions play a far greater role in the labor market in Europe than they do in the United States. It is much more difficult to lay off workers in Europe than in the United States, unemployment insurance is more generous in Europe, and many fewer Americans than Europeans are covered by collective bargaining agreements. Interventionist labor market institutions in Europe compress wages, thus contributing to the lower levels of wage inequality in the European Union than in the United States. Using a unique blend of microeconomic and microeconomic analyses, the authors assess how these differences affect wage and unemployment levels. In a lucid narrative, they present ample evidence that, as upheavals shook the global economy, the flexible U.S. market let wages adjust so that jobs could be maintained, while more rigid European economies maintained wages at the cost of losing jobs. By helping readers understand the relationship between different economic responses and outcomes, At Home and Abroad makes an invaluable contribution to the continuing debate about the role institutions can and should play in creating jobs and maintaining living standards.
Author | : Adriana D. Kugler |
Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
Total Pages | : 36 |
Release | : 2019-07-17 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1513508083 |
Download Impacts of Labor Market Institutions and Demographic Factors on Labor Markets in Latin America Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This paper documents recent labor market performance in the Latin American region. The paper shows that unemployment, informality, and inequality have been falling over the past two decades, though still remain high. By contrast, productivity has remained stubbornly low. The paper, then, turns to the potential impacts of various labor market institutions, including employment protection legislation (EPL), minimum wages (MW), payroll taxes, unemployment insurance (UI) and collective bargaining, as well as the impacts of demographic changes on labor market performance. The paper relies on evidence from carefully conducted studies based on micro-data for countries in the region and for other countries with similar income levels to draw conclusions on the impact of labor market institutions and demographic factors on unemployment, informality, inequality and productivity. The decreases in unemployment and informality can be partly explained by the reduced strictness of EPL and payroll taxes, but also by the increased shares of more educated and older workers. By contrast, the fall in inequality starting in 2002 can be explained by a combination of binding MW throughout most of the region and, to a lesser extent, by the introduction of UI systems in some countries and the role of unions in countries with moderate unionization rates. Falling inequality can also be explained by the fall in the returns to skill associated with increased share of more educated and older workers.
Author | : Karl Ove Moene |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 30 |
Release | : 1995 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 9788257090586 |
Download How social democracy worked Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle