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| Author | : |
| Publisher | : Nordic Council of Ministers |
| Total Pages | : 128 |
| Release | : 1995 |
| Genre | : Climatic changes |
| ISBN | : 9789291206506 |
| Author | : Onno J. Kuik |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 236 |
| Release | : 2013-06-29 |
| Genre | : Law |
| ISBN | : 9401583706 |
This book is about joint implementation. It addresses legal, economic and institutional questions which should be taken into account in setting up joint implementation projects and in developing criteria for joint implementation under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (FCCC). First, however, before going into any detail, we shall briefly sketch the background, quoting Daniel Bodansky: 'Each year, mankind injects approximately six billion tons of carbon into the atmosphere from the burning of fossil fuels, as well as a substantial (although still uncertain) amount from deforestation. Since the advent of the industrial revolution, atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide have risen by more than twenty five percent, from 280 to more than 350 parts per million. Scientists estimate that if current patterns of emissions continue unchecked, the increasing concentrations of carbon dioxide, together with parallel increases in other trace gases such as methane and nitrous oxide, will cause an average global warming in the range of 0. 2 to 0. 5 °C per decade, or 2 to 5 oc by the end of the next century. Such a temperature rise, more rapid than at any time in human history, could have severe effects on coastal areas, agriculture, forests 1 and human health. ' In recent years there has been growing awareness of the extent of the damage done to the world's environment through unsustainable patterns of development.
| Author | : Kilaparti Ramakrishna |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 72 |
| Release | : 1994 |
| Genre | : Climatic changes |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : North-South Institute (Ottawa, Ont.) |
| Publisher | : New York NY |
| Total Pages | : 286 |
| Release | : 1997 |
| Genre | : Climatic changes |
| ISBN | : |
Contributed articles; partly with reference to India and Canada.
| Author | : Robert K. Dixon |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 459 |
| Release | : 2012-12-06 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9401142874 |
Jose Maria Figueres Olsen Former President Republic of Costa Rica The heated debate about global climate change continues. Some say it is the gravest calamity our species has ever encountered. Others deny its existence altogether. As with most caseS of human decision making, the truth is most likely somewhere in the middle. The challenge of this particular set of decisions is the overwhelming sense of uncertainty. Science cannot fully attribute the climatic catastrophes occurring before our eyes to increasing levels of greenhouse gas concentrations. Neither can Science prove that extreme events and warming trends are unrelated to human behavior. Economic models, sophisticated as they are, cannot agree on the costs of reducing carbon dioxide (C~) emissions in industrialized countries. International negotiations are thus mired in the morass of scientific and economic uncertainty. The are only two elements of certainty in the whole debate. The frrst is the need for precaution. The potential impacts are such, that the risk of inaction is unaffordable to the human race. Under the current state of knowledge, mankind must take cautious but unequivocal steps to reverse current patterns.
| Author | : Olav Hohmeyer |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 401 |
| Release | : 2013-11-11 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 3642470351 |
As the Kyoto conference of the parties on the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change once again underscored, man-made climate change has become one of the major challenges to our generation and many generations to come. Since scientific evidence on climate change can be seen as increasingly reliable, the focus of our attention has to turn more and more to the question of foreseeable damages and to possibilities to prevent and mitigate climate change. In other words, we need to analyse the economic aspects of man marle climate change and the policy options to prevent its most severe impacts. This book reports on the findings of an international workshop on these aspects of global climate change. It was organised by the Centre for European Economic Research (ZEW) in Mannheim, Germany on March 6th and 7th 1997. In the light of the ongoing international policy-making process on climate change, we decided to publish the report after the Kyoto conference from December Ist to 10th, 1997, to include the results of the conference, which emphasise the importance of economic aspects and economic policy options when it comes to addressing the problern of man-made climate change. Thus, this book went to press in February 1998 the moment we received the official version of the Kyoto Protocol, which is reproduced in the annex.
| Author | : Horace M. Karling |
| Publisher | : Nova Publishers |
| Total Pages | : 220 |
| Release | : 2001 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9781560729990 |
Now that the Bush Administration has kiboshed the Kyoto Protocol, are efforts to curtail global warming dead? Are even more technical studies called for? The issue of global warming would appear to be one which will force pollution control even before the public will need to walk around with gas masks as part of their daily attire. Such controls, however, will require a gutsy administration in Washington which may not surface in the short run. This new book brings presents the issues of global climate change in a crystal clear manner leaving no doubt that a crisis is enveloping the world.
| Author | : Irving M. Mintzer |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 412 |
| Release | : 1994-09-29 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 9780521479141 |
Reconstructs negotiations of the Framework Convention on Climate Change at the Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit.
| Author | : Scott Barrett |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 58 |
| Release | : 1995 |
| Genre | : Climatic changes |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 5 |
| Release | : 1995 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
What is Joint Implementation (JI)? In the Framework Convention on Climate Change (FCCC) it is described as a mechanism for cooperation between parties to meet the objective of the convention. Important considerations in favor of the introduction of the concept of JI are: (1) JI schemes could stimulate development and technology cooperation through generating (often private company) resources that would otherwise not be mobilized for such purposes, and thus stimulate broader participation in abatement measures. (2) The financial and societal cost for greenhouse gas abatement measures varies strongly among the parties to the FCCC. Given the global nature of the problem, national boundaries should not be barriers for the identification and implementation of cost effective schemes. Important reservations with regard to the introduction of the concept are: (1) The mechanism could be used by the developed countries to buy their way out of their obligation to take the lead in combating climate change. Ironically, JI could have the effect that the poorer countries with relatively low marginal costs for limiting emissions or enhancing sinks would be sponsored to adjust their pattern of development, while emissions in the richer countries would continue to grow. (2) At present, there exists considerable uncertainties with respect to a number of technical matters, such as measuring the net environmental effect of a JI project. However, these technical problems can probably be solved in due course (along with the findings of the IPCC and experiences gained with JI).
