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Is Affirmative Action Fair?

Is Affirmative Action Fair?
Author: Natasha Warikoo
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 64
Release: 2022-09-23
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 1509549382

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Affirmative action in college admissions – considering whether an applicant is part of an underrepresented group when making selection decisions – has long been a topic of heated public debate. Some argue that it undermines racial equity. Others advocate for its ability to promote equal opportunity in a racially unequal society. Who is right? Natasha Warikoo dives into the arguments for and against a policy that has made it to the US Supreme Court many times. She digs into the purposes of higher education and the selection process itself to argue that it is a mistake to equate college admissions with personal merit and reward. College admissions should be based on furthering the mission of higher education: contributing to our shared democracy and to the human condition. Ultimately, Warikoo concludes that a focus on individual fairness conceals much more important questions about justice. No matter what their perspective, readers will find themselves thinking anew and asking the deeper questions that underlie this emotive debate.​


Notes of a Racial Caste Baby

Notes of a Racial Caste Baby
Author: Bryan K. Fair
Publisher: NYU Press
Total Pages: 238
Release: 1999
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0814726526

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Affirmative action, the playing field is now level? Fair ambitiously surveys the most common arguments for and against affirmative action. He argues that we must distinguish between America in the pre-civil rights movement era - when the law of the land was explicitly anti-black - and today's affirmative action policies - which are decidedly not anti-white. He concludes that the only just and effective way both to account for America's racial past and to negotiate.


Is Affirmative Action Fair?

Is Affirmative Action Fair?
Author: Natasha K. Warikoo
Publisher: Polity
Total Pages: 144
Release: 2022-09-19
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 9781509549375

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Affirmative action in college admissions – considering whether an applicant is part of an underrepresented group when making selection decisions – has long been a topic of heated public debate. Some argue that it undermines racial equity. Others advocate for its ability to promote equal opportunity in a racially unequal society. Who is right? In this thought-provoking book, Natasha Warikoo dives into the arguments for and against a policy that has made it to the US Supreme Court multiple times. Along the way, she digs into the purposes of higher education and the selection process itself to argue that it is a mistake to equate college admissions with personal merit and reward for individual accomplishment. Rather, college admissions should be based on furthering the mission of higher education: contributing to our shared democracy and to the human condition. Ultimately, Warikoo concludes that affirmative action is fair in an inherently unfair system, given the vast inequality in American society. No matter what their perspective, readers of this book will find themselves thinking anew and asking the deeper questions that underlie this emotive debate.


The Diversity Bargain

The Diversity Bargain
Author: Natasha K. Warikoo
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Total Pages: 304
Release: 2016-11-15
Genre: Education
ISBN: 022640028X

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We’ve heard plenty from politicians and experts on affirmative action and higher education, about how universities should intervene—if at all—to ensure a diverse but deserving student population. But what about those for whom these issues matter the most? In this book, Natasha K. Warikoo deeply explores how students themselves think about merit and race at a uniquely pivotal moment: after they have just won the most competitive game of their lives and gained admittance to one of the world’s top universities. What Warikoo uncovers—talking with both white students and students of color at Harvard, Brown, and Oxford—is absolutely illuminating; and some of it is positively shocking. As she shows, many elite white students understand the value of diversity abstractly, but they ignore the real problems that racial inequality causes and that diversity programs are meant to solve. They stand in fear of being labeled a racist, but they are quick to call foul should a diversity program appear at all to hamper their own chances for advancement. The most troubling result of this ambivalence is what she calls the “diversity bargain,” in which white students reluctantly agree with affirmative action as long as it benefits them by providing a diverse learning environment—racial diversity, in this way, is a commodity, a selling point on a brochure. And as Warikoo shows, universities play a big part in creating these situations. The way they talk about race on campus and the kinds of diversity programs they offer have a huge impact on student attitudes, shaping them either toward ambivalence or, in better cases, toward more productive and considerate understandings of racial difference. Ultimately, this book demonstrates just how slippery the notions of race, merit, and privilege can be. In doing so, it asks important questions not just about college admissions but what the elite students who have succeeded at it—who will be the world’s future leaders—will do with the social inequalities of the wider world.


Affirmative Action Matters

Affirmative Action Matters
Author: Laura Dudley Jenkins
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 242
Release: 2014-04-04
Genre: Education
ISBN: 1317748468

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Affirmative Action Matters focuses specifically on affirmative action policies in higher education admissions, the sphere that has been the most controversial in many of the nations that have such policies. It brings together distinguished scholars from diverse nations to examine and discuss the historical, political and philosophical contexts of affirmative action and clarify policy developments to further the meaningful equality of educational opportunity. This unique volume includes both well established and emerging policies from the Americas, Europe, Africa, and Asia, policies which developed under a variety of political systems and target a range of underrepresented groups, based on race, ethnicity, gender, class, social background, or region. Accessible and thought provoking case studies of affirmative action demonstrate that such policies are expanding to different countries and target populations. While some countries, such as India, have affirmative action policies that predate those in the United States, affirmative action is a recent development in countries such as Brazil and France. Legal or political pressures to move away from explicitly race-based policies in several countries have complicated affirmative action and make this assessment of international alternatives particularly timely. New or newly modified policies target a variety of disadvantaged groups, based on geography, class, or caste, in addition to race or sex. International scholars in six countries spanning five continents offer insights into their own countries’ experiences to examine the implications of policy shifts from race toward other categories of disadvantage, to consider best practices in student admission policies, and to assess the future of affirmative action.


Creating Equal

Creating Equal
Author: Ward Connerly
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2007
Genre: Biography & Autobiography
ISBN: 9781594032189

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This revised edition features a new epilogue by the author. Connerly successfully forced the largest public university in the country to become color-blind in its admissions policies. Connerly led the 1996 campaign to pass California's Proposition 209 and spearheaded a successful anti-discrimination measure in Washington. Creating Equal chronicles Connerly's unique friendship with California governor Pete Wilson, and encounters with Bill Clinton, Al Gore, Rupert Murdoch, Gen. Colin Powell, and Jesse Jackson.


For Discrimination

For Discrimination
Author: Randall Kennedy
Publisher: Vintage
Total Pages: 306
Release: 2013-09-03
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 0307907384

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The definitive reckoning with Affirmative Action, one of America’s most explosively contentious and divisive issues—from “one of our most important and perceptive writers on race and the law.”—The Washington Post “A clear-eyed take on America’s battle over affirmative action and diversity.... [Kennedy] goes straight at the issue with fearlessness and a certain cheekiness.” —Los Angeles Times “Compelling.... Powerful.” —Wall Street Journal What precisely is affirmative action, and why is it fiercely championed by some and just as fiercely denounced by others? Does it signify a boon or a stigma? Or is it simply reverse discrimination? What are its benefits and costs to American society? What are the exact indicia determining who should or should not be accorded affirmative action? When should affirmative action end, if it must? Randall Kennedy gives us a concise and deeply personal overview of the policy, refusing to shy away from the myriad complexities of an issue that continues to bedevil American race relations.


Who Gets In?

Who Gets In?
Author: Rebecca Zwick
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Total Pages: 288
Release: 2017-05-15
Genre: Education
ISBN: 0674977661

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On the disputed topic of U.S. college admissions, everyone agrees that this high-stakes competition is unfair. But few agree on what a fair process would be. Stressing transparency in evaluating applicants, Rebecca Zwick assesses the goals and criteria of different admissions policies and shows how they can fail to produce the desired results.


Is Affirmative Action Fair Or Inherently Unfair? A Look at the American Version and Some Comparisons With Other Countries

Is Affirmative Action Fair Or Inherently Unfair? A Look at the American Version and Some Comparisons With Other Countries
Author: Carol Daugherty Rasnic
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2018
Genre:
ISBN:

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While the United States Supreme Court building facade reads "Equal justice for all," governmental efforts - albeit beneficially intended to remedy past discrimination and achieve illusive diversity by affirmative action - seem to contradict this equality of justice notion. Affirmative action efforts to increase numbers of minorities in the workforce and higher education have faced challenges under the equal treatment principle. Legally mandated discrimination in the form of affirmative action - or, as it is referenced in Europe, positive discrimination - exists not only in the United States, but in post-Good Friday Agreement Northern Ireland, post-apartheid South Africa, and some continental European states. The primary focus will be on the development of American laws/programs implementing favoritism. Court decisions on the lawfulness of such programs are synthesized in an effort to perceive an evolving standard. Other selected countries' use of disparity of treatment to achieve a stated worthy result compares.


Affirmative Action and the Meanings of Merit

Affirmative Action and the Meanings of Merit
Author: Bruce P Lapenson
Publisher: University Press of America
Total Pages: 120
Release: 2009-03-16
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 0761843485

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The public defenses of affirmative action have not convinced the majority of Americans that the policy is necessary and just. The notion that merit and qualifications for academic places and jobs can be judged solely by test scores and grades is seriously called into question by the numerous studies analyzed in Affirmative Action and the Meanings of Merit. These studies show that many affirmative action beneficiaries have succeeded in higher education and various occupations despite not having the required test scores or GPA, therefore exposing reified concepts of merit as intellectually murky. Public defenders of affirmative action must point to these realities to convince more Americans that such policies are ethical and contribute to the goal of a diverse and fair-minded society.