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International Responsibility and Grave Humanitarian Crises

International Responsibility and Grave Humanitarian Crises
Author: Hannes Peltonen
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 170
Release: 2013-05-02
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1136203141
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This book examines responsibility in grave humanitarian crises, focusing on the international community's collective responsibility to take action in such cases as genocide or ethnic cleansing. The idea of collective responsibility highlights how we would like to see the global level primarily as something more akin to a community of peoples, rather than as a society of states in which other international and transnational actors operate. Since the acceptance of human rights, and in view of the atrocities of the Holocaust and other genocides, we have realized that some things concern us all: a realization that has led to the development of the responsibility to protect (R2P) framework. This book focuses on understanding the international community and its collective responsibility. Unlike the research frameworks put forward in other publications on this topic, the research model developed here does not distribute the collective responsibility to particular actors; instead, it sets out how the burden should be divided among those actors responsible in order to protect human security on a global scale. This book will be of interest to students of humanitarian intervention, the responsibility to protect, international law, peace and conflict studies, and international relations in general.

Justified Non-intervention?

Justified Non-intervention?
Author: Hannes Peltonen
Publisher:
Total Pages: 249
Release: 2008
Genre: Responsibility to protect (International law)
ISBN:
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International Responsibility and Grave Humanitarian Crises

International Responsibility and Grave Humanitarian Crises
Author: Hannes Peltonen
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 170
Release: 2013
Genre: History
ISBN: 041552587X
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This book examines responsibility in grave humanitarian crises, focusing on the international community's collective responsibility to take action in such cases as genocide or ethnic cleansing. The idea of collective responsibility highlights how we would like to see the global level primarily as something more akin to a community of peoples, rather than as a society of states in which other international and transnational actors operate. Since the acceptance of human rights, and in view of the atrocities of the Holocaust and other genocides, we have realized that some things concern us all: a realization that has led to the development of the responsibility to protect (R2P) framework. This book focuses on understanding the international community and its collective responsibility. Unlike the research frameworks put forward in other publications on this topic, the research model developed here does not distribute the collective responsibility to particular actors; instead, it sets out how the burden should be divided among those actors responsible in order to protect human security on a global scale. This book will be of interest to students of humanitarian intervention, the responsibility to protect, international law, peace and conflict studies, and international relations in general.

International Organizations and the Implementation of the Responsibility to Protect

International Organizations and the Implementation of the Responsibility to Protect
Author: Daniel Silander
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 235
Release: 2015-04-17
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1317486552
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This book seeks to understand the obligation of the international community to implement the principles of the Responsibility to Protect (R2P). With a focus on the humanitarian crisis in Syria, the volume examines what formal responsibility and actual capability international institutions have to protect and prevent civilians from systematic mass atrocities and presents an analysis of several prominent international organizations (IOs). Each chapter focuses on a specific organization and explores their formal responsibilities and how these pertain to the obligations of the R2P. Existing capabilities and actual abilities to address the challenges of R2P are analysed by looking at these issues before, during, and after the occurrence of the humanitarian crisis in Syria. With the UN not fully engaged in the Syrian conflict, the systematic human rights abuses have engendered greater attention on other organizations. This volume argues that if the UN Security Council’s inactions result in an abdication of responsibilities under the UN Charter, there should not only be a discussion of how the UN must alter its approach, but also an examination of whether there are alternative R2P paths for other MNOs to take in the name of international peace and human security. This book will be of much interest to students of R2P, humanitarian intervention, international organisations, Middle Eastern politics and security studies.

The Responsibility to Protect

The Responsibility to Protect
Author: International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty
Publisher: IDRC
Total Pages: 432
Release: 2001
Genre: Law
ISBN: 9780889369634
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Responsibility to Protect: Research, bibliography, background. Supplementary volume to the Report of the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty

The Responsibility to Protect

The Responsibility to Protect
Author: Amr A. Mokhtar Abdelhady
Publisher:
Total Pages: 83
Release: 2016
Genre: Humanitarian intervention
ISBN:
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Abstract: The main topic of this thesis is to tackle the principle of Humanitarian intervention. Responsibility to Protect (R2P) was coined in 2001 as an evolution to the doctrine of Humanitarian Intervention (HI) with the aim to set precautions and conditions to govern the way the international community responds to humanitarian crises. The absence of defined rules or regulations to govern the international community's response to humanitarian crises has rendered the doctrine of humanitarian intervention perceived as a tool that can be used selectively by major powers to intervene in other countries according to their interests. The case of Kosovo (1999) when NATO forces launched military attacks against the Former Yugoslavian Republic (FYR) without a mandate from the UN Security Council, made it clear that the time was ripe by then for the adoption of a principled framework for humanitarian intervention. This framework was then proposed and coined later by the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty (ICISS) and named the Responsibility to Protect (R2P). However, after the launch of R2P (2001) and the adoption of R2P at the UN World Summit (2005), the developments in Libya (2011) and Syria (2011-?) revealed that R2P has not provided substantive change to the pattern of the state reactions to humanitarian crises, political interests remained the dominant factors deciding intervention in case of humanitarian crises before and after R2P The thesis views that the launch of R2P constituted a historical opportunity to promote parameters and conditions for the international community to respond to humanitarian crisis in an automatic way away from any other considerations that could stem from particular interests or rivalry among major powers. However, the pattern of the international intervention in humanitarian crises after the R2P remained problematic. The main hypothesis of the thesis is throughout ages political interests were the dominant motive behind the decision of international intervention in humanitarian crises. Despite the great aspirations that accompanied the adoption of R2P, the pattern of international intervention under humanitarian reasons remained under the effect of the dominance of the political interests as it used to be before the adoption of R2P. The thesis will study different patterns of intervention in different eras before and after the adoption of R2P in order to demonstrate that political interests remained the dominant motive behind the decision of international intervention in humanitarian crises before and after R2P.

Humanitarian Military Intervention

Humanitarian Military Intervention
Author: Taylor B. Seybolt
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Total Pages: 314
Release: 2007
Genre: Altruism
ISBN: 0199252432
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Military intervention in a conflict without a reasonable prospect of success is unjustifiable, especially when it is done in the name of humanity. Couched in the debate on the responsibility to protect civilians from violence and drawing on traditional 'just war' principles, the centralpremise of this book is that humanitarian military intervention can be justified as a policy option only if decision makers can be reasonably sure that intervention will do more good than harm. This book asks, 'Have past humanitarian military interventions been successful?' It defines success as saving lives and sets out a methodology for estimating the number of lives saved by a particular military intervention. Analysis of 17 military operations in six conflict areas that were thedefining cases of the 1990s-northern Iraq after the Gulf War, Somalia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Rwanda, Kosovo and East Timor-shows that the majority were successful by this measure. In every conflict studied, however, some military interventions succeeded while others failed, raising the question, 'Why have some past interventions been more successful than others?' This book argues that the central factors determining whether a humanitarian intervention succeeds are theobjectives of the intervention and the military strategy employed by the intervening states. Four types of humanitarian military intervention are offered: helping to deliver emergency aid, protecting aid operations, saving the victims of violence and defeating the perpetrators of violence. Thefocus on strategy within these four types allows an exploration of the political and military dimensions of humanitarian intervention and highlights the advantages and disadvantages of each of the four types.Humanitarian military intervention is controversial. Scepticism is always in order about the need to use military force because the consequences can be so dire. Yet it has become equally controversial not to intervene when a government subjects its citizens to massive violation of their basic humanrights. This book recognizes the limits of humanitarian intervention but does not shy away from suggesting how military force can save lives in extreme circumstances.

Customary International Humanitarian Law

Customary International Humanitarian Law
Author: Jean-Marie Henckaerts
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 610
Release: 2005-03-03
Genre: Law
ISBN: 0521808995
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Customary International Humanitarian Law, Volume I: Rules is a comprehensive analysis of the customary rules of international humanitarian law applicable in international and non-international armed conflicts. In the absence of ratifications of important treaties in this area, this is clearly a publication of major importance, carried out at the express request of the international community. In so doing, this study identifies the common core of international humanitarian law binding on all parties to all armed conflicts. Comment Don:RWI.

A Bed for the Night

A Bed for the Night
Author: David Rieff
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
Total Pages: 402
Release: 2013-06-04
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1439127271
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Timely and controversial, A Bed for the Night reveals how humanitarian organizations trying to bring relief in an ever more violent and dangerous world are often betrayed and misused, and have increasingly lost sight of their purpose. Humanitarian relief workers, writes David Rieff, are the last of the just. And in the Bosnias, the Rwandas, and the Afghanistans of this world, humanitarianism remains the vocation of helping people when they most desperately need help, when they have lost or stand at risk of losing everything they have, including their lives. Although humanitarianism's accomplishments have been tremendous, including saving countless lives, the lesson of the past ten years of civil wars and ethnic cleansing is that it can do only so much to alleviate suffering. Aid workers have discovered that while trying to do good, their efforts may also cause harm. Drawing on firsthand reporting from hot war zones around the world -- Bosnia, Rwanda, Congo, Kosovo, Sudan, and most recently Afghanistan -- Rieff describes how the International Committee of the Red Cross, Doctors Without Borders, the International Rescue Committee, CARE, Oxfam, and other humanitarian organizations have moved from their founding principle of political neutrality, which gave them access to victims of wars, to encouraging the international community to take action to stop civil wars and ethnic cleansing. This advocacy has come at a high price. By calling for intervention -- whether by the United Nations or by "coalitions of the willing" -- humanitarian organizations risk being seen as taking sides in a conflict and thus jeopardizing their access to victims. And by overreaching, the humanitarian movement has allowed itself to be hijacked by the major powers, at times becoming a fig leaf for actions those powers wish to take for their own interests, or for the major powers' inaction. Rieff concludes that if humanitarian organizations are to do what they do best -- alleviate suffering -- they must reclaim their independence. Except for relief workers themselves, no one has looked at humanitarian action as seriously or as unflinchingly, or has had such unparalleled access to its inner workings, as Rieff, who has traveled and lived with aid workers over many years and four continents. A cogent, hard-hitting report from the front lines, A Bed for the Night shows what international aid organizations must do if they are to continue to care for the victims of humanitarian disasters.

International Organizations and the Implementation of the Responsibility to Protect

International Organizations and the Implementation of the Responsibility to Protect
Author: Daniel Silander
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 216
Release: 2015-04-17
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1317486560
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This book seeks to understand the obligation of the international community to implement the principles of the Responsibility to Protect (R2P). With a focus on the humanitarian crisis in Syria, the volume examines what formal responsibility and actual capability international institutions have to protect and prevent civilians from systematic mass atrocities and presents an analysis of several prominent international organizations (IOs). Each chapter focuses on a specific organization and explores their formal responsibilities and how these pertain to the obligations of the R2P. Existing capabilities and actual abilities to address the challenges of R2P are analysed by looking at these issues before, during, and after the occurrence of the humanitarian crisis in Syria. With the UN not fully engaged in the Syrian conflict, the systematic human rights abuses have engendered greater attention on other organizations. This volume argues that if the UN Security Council’s inactions result in an abdication of responsibilities under the UN Charter, there should not only be a discussion of how the UN must alter its approach, but also an examination of whether there are alternative R2P paths for other MNOs to take in the name of international peace and human security. This book will be of much interest to students of R2P, humanitarian intervention, international organisations, Middle Eastern politics and security studies.