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International R&D Spillovers Between U.S. and Japanese R&D Intensive Sectors

International R&D Spillovers Between U.S. and Japanese R&D Intensive Sectors
Author: Jeffrey Ian Bernstein
Publisher:
Total Pages: 52
Release: 1994
Genre: Capital productivity
ISBN:

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A great deal of empirical evidence shows that a country's production structure and productivity growth depend on its own R&D capital formation. With the growing role of international trade, foreign investment and international knowledge diffusion, domestic production and productivity also depend on the R&D activities of other countries. The purpose of this paper is to empirically investigate the bilateral link between the U.S. and Japanese economies in terms of how R&D capital formation in one country affects the production structure, physical and R&D capital accumulation, and productivity growth in the other country. We find that production processes become less labor intensive as international R&D spillovers grow. In the short-run, R&D intensity is complementary to the international spillover. This relationship persists in the long-run for the U.S., but the Japanese decrease their own R&D intensity. U.S. R&D capital accounts for 60% of Japanese total factor productivity growth, while Japanese R&D capital contributes 20% to U.S. productivity gains. International spillovers cause social rates of return to be about four times the private returns.


Are Knowledge Spillovers International Or Intranational in Scope?

Are Knowledge Spillovers International Or Intranational in Scope?
Author: Lee Branstetter
Publisher:
Total Pages: 56
Release: 1996
Genre: Equilibrium (Economics)
ISBN:

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In a number of theoretical models, it has been shown that technological externalities can generate multiple equilibria in the global pattern of specialization and trade, with different consequences for the relative welfare of the trading countries. In such models, temporary government policies can have lasting effects by pushing the global economy into a particular equilibrium. However, the prediction of multiple equilibria generally hinges on the assumption that the technological externalities are intranational rather than international in scope. In this paper, I point out important shortcomings in previous attempts to estimate the effects of intranational and international knowledge spillovers. Then, I provide new estimates of the relative impact of intranational and international knowledge spillovers on innovation and productivity at the firm level, using previously unexploited panel data from the U.S. and Japan which provide a rich description of the firms' technological activities and allow for potentially much more accurate measurement of spillover effects. My estimates indicate that knowledge spillovers are primarily intranational in scope, providing empirical confirmation of a crucial assumption in much of the theoretical literature. This finding has important implications for the theoretical literature and the public debate on policy.


International R & D Spillovers

International R & D Spillovers
Author: David T. Coe
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 1995
Genre: Industrial productivity
ISBN:

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Advanced Public Procurement as Industrial Policy

Advanced Public Procurement as Industrial Policy
Author: Gunnar Eliasson
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 330
Release: 2010-03-10
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1441958495

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This study is about the macroeconomic effects of positive externalities or industrial spillovers around advanced production. The case explored is the “technology di- dend” around Swedish aircraft industry, and in particular around the aircraft ma- facturer Saab, and the major industrial project of the JAS 39 Gripen multirole combat aircraft. The project is partly an updating of my book (in Swedish) Technology 1 Generator or a National Presige Project from 1995, but extends the analysis in s- eral directions. The study includes a chapter on spillovers from advanced production in an industrially developing economy, South Africa, that has acquired the JAS 39 Gripen for its Air Force. There is also a chapter in which the results for Sweden are discussed in the wider context of advanced public procurement in Europe. The text has been organized such that the main chapters have been written for academic readers. Two supplements include the technical details of data collection, mathematical models, and calculation methods. The first chapter is brief and focused on the results. It has the character of an extended executive summary. The second chapter summarizes the entire story; problems, results, and methods. This project would not have been possible without the generous support of a number of people. First of all great thanks go to all those people with crowded calendars in Swedish industrial firms that have set aside time to respond to my questions. Most of them have been listed at the end of the book.


International R & D Spillovers Between Canadian and Japanese Industries

International R & D Spillovers Between Canadian and Japanese Industries
Author: Jeffrey Ian Bernstein
Publisher:
Total Pages: 44
Release: 1995
Genre: Industrial productivity
ISBN:

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This paper estimates the effects of intranational and international R & D spillovers on the cost and production structure for ten Canadian and Japanese manufacturing industries. Domestic spillovers generate greater effects on average variable cost and factor intensities compared to international spillovers between the two countries. Private and social rates of return to R & D are calculated for each industry in both countries. Social rates of return to R & D are one and one-half to twelve times the private returns. The Canadian social rates of return are generally two to three times higher than the Japanese rates.


Innovation in Japan

Innovation in Japan
Author: Akira Gotō
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 334
Release: 1997
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9780198289852

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Technology is a key factor in global industrial competition, and Japan's national system of technological innovation has been vital to the economic success of the country since World War II. This book examines the historical development of the system, incl


Canadian Tax Journal

Canadian Tax Journal
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 1818
Release: 1999
Genre: Taxation
ISBN:

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