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Rock Stress and Its Measurement

Rock Stress and Its Measurement
Author: B. Amadei
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 524
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9401153469

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Rock masses are initially stressed in their current in situ state of stress and to a lesser natural state. Whether one is interested in the extent on the monitoring of stress change. formation of geological structures (folds, faults, The subject of paleostresses is only briefly intrusions, etc. ), the stability of artificial struc discussed. tures (tunnels, caverns, mines, surface excava The last 30 years have seen a major advance our knowledge and understanding of rock tions, etc. ), or the stability of boreholes, a in the in situ or virgin stress field, stress. A large body of data is now available on knowledge of along with other rock mass properties, is the state of stress in the near surface of the needed in order to predict the response of rock Earth's crust (upper 3-4km of the crust). masses to the disturbance associated with those Various theories have been proposed regarding structures. Stress in rock is usually described the origin of in situ stresses and how gravity, within the context of continuum mechanics. It is tectonics, erosion, lateral straining, rock fabric, defined at a point and is represented by a glaciation and deglaciation, topography, curva second-order Cartesian tensor with six compo ture of the Earth and other active geological nents. Because of its definition, rock stress is an features and processes contribute to the current enigmatic and fictitious quantity creating chal in situ stress field.


In-situ Rock Stress

In-situ Rock Stress
Author: Michael Tucker
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 580
Release: 2015-10-12
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 9780415401630

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With the new classification of chronic myeloproliferative disorders, and the rise of interest in molecularly targeted therapies, this timely text brings together international experts on the topic to discuss the current technologies and their implications for the treatment of patients. This title comprehensively covers chronic myeloid leukemia and Ph-negative chronic myeloproliferative disorders and is an essential resource for all practitioners in Hematologic Oncology.


Rock Anisotropy and the Theory of Stress Measurements

Rock Anisotropy and the Theory of Stress Measurements
Author: Bernard Amadei
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 498
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3642820409

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Any undisturbed rock mass is subject to natural stresses inclu ding gravitational stresses due to the mass of the overburden and possibly tectonic stresses due to the straining of the earth's crust and remanent stresses due to past tectonism. Knowledge of the in situ stress field must be integrated into any rock engineering design along with general rock mass characteristics such as de for mability, strength, permeability and time dependent behavior. For example, the choice of optimum orientation and shape of deep underground caverns or complex underground works will be controlled by the orientation and the magnitude of the in situ stress @ield if it is necessary to minimize stress concentration problems. Long term variation of the in situ stress field may also help to evaluate the potential hazard of earthquake occurences. The magnitude and orientation of the stress field ata point within a rock mass can be measured but there is no known method by which the state of stress at a point can be accurately determined by instruments located remotely. In general, measurements are made inside boreholes, on outcrops or on the internal surfaces of under ground cavities. Most of the measuring techniques intentionally disturb the state of stress in the rock and then measure consequent strains and displacements. Measured strains or displacements are then related to the stresses through assumptions of material behavior. A common procedure is to assume that the rock mass is linearly elastic, isotropic, continuous and homogeneous.


Rock Stress '03

Rock Stress '03
Author: K. Sugawara
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 612
Release: 2003-01-01
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9789058096395

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This publication contains three special lectures, six keynote addresses and sixty-eight technical papers presented at the symposium. The wide variety of topics covered are grouped in the proceedings according to subject.


Petroleum Rock Mechanics

Petroleum Rock Mechanics
Author: Bernt Aadnoy
Publisher: Gulf Professional Publishing
Total Pages: 460
Release: 2019-06-15
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0128159049

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Petroleum Rock Mechanics: Drilling Operations and Well Design, Second Edition, keeps petroleum and drilling engineers centrally focused on the basic fundamentals surrounding geomechanics, while also keeping them up-to-speed on the latest issues and practical problems. Updated with new chapters on operations surrounding shale oil, shale gas, and hydraulic fracturing, and with new sections on in-situ stress, drilling design of optimal mud weight, and wellbore instability analysis, this book is an ideal resource. By creating a link between theory with practical problems, this updated edition continues to provide the most recent research and fundamentals critical to today’s drilling operations. Helps readers grasp the techniques needed to analyze and solve drilling challenges, in particular wellbore instability analysis Teaches rock mechanic fundamentals and presents new concepts surrounding sand production and hydraulic fracturing operations Includes new case studies and sample problems to practice


Stress Field of the Earth's Crust

Stress Field of the Earth's Crust
Author: Arno Zang
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 327
Release: 2009-12-06
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1402084447

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Stress Field of the Earth’s Crust is based on lecture notes prepared for a course offered to graduate students in the Earth sciences and engineering at University of Potsdam. In my opinion, it will undoubtedly also become a standard reference book on the desk of most scientists working with rocks, such as geophysicists, structural geologists, rock mechanics experts, as well as geotechnical and petroleum en- neers. That is because this book is concerned with what is probably the most pe- liar characteristic of rock – its initial stress condition. Rock is always under a natural state of stress, primarily a result of the gravitational and tectonic forces to which it is subjected. Crustal stresses can vary regionally and locally and can reach in places considerable magnitudes, leading to natural or man-made mechanical failure. P- existing stress distinguishes rock from most other materials and is at the core of the discipline of “Rock Mechanics”, which has been developed over the last century. Knowledge of rock stress is fundamental to understanding faulting mechanisms and earthquake triggering, to designing stable underground caverns and prod- tive oil fields, and to improving mining methods and geothermal energy extraction, among others. Several books have been written on the subject, but none has atte- ted to be as all-encompassing as the one by Zang and Stephansson.


In-Situ Rock Stress - Measurement, Interpretation and Application

In-Situ Rock Stress - Measurement, Interpretation and Application
Author: Abhinav Mishra
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2015-08
Genre:
ISBN: 9781681174044

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Understanding in-situ rock stress is important in the exploration and engineering involving rock masses for mining, hydropower, tunneling, oil and gas production, and stone quarrying. Traditional methods of determining these stresses have not developed substantially to keep pace with the increasing utilization of rock masses. Contributed by a group of leading experts, this book addresses new developments in numerical modeling and advanced measuring techniques. In-Situ Rock Stress: Measurement, Interpretation and Application reflect the development in this field, covering measuring techniques, interpretation methods, and application of the in-situ stress in engineering practice. Estimate of the in-situ rock stress state can be realized by direct or indirect methods. Although the indirect method has developed rapidly in recent years, the direct field measurement is still by far dominating. Great improvements have been achieved with the 'traditional' field tests by overcoring and hydraulic fracturing, whilst the recently developed methods become matured. In addition, ideas of new methods and new instruments will make the stress estimate easier, less expensive and more reliable.


Engineering Geology for Underground Rocks

Engineering Geology for Underground Rocks
Author: Suping Peng
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 336
Release: 2007-10-14
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3540732950

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Professionals and students in any geology-related field will find this an essential reference. It clearly and systematically explains underground engineering geology principles, methods, theories and case studies. The authors lay out engineering problems in underground rock engineering and how to study and solve them. The book specially emphasizes mechanical and hydraulic couplings in rock engineering for wellbore stability, mining near aquifers and other underground structures where inflow is a problem.


Engineering Rock Mass Classification

Engineering Rock Mass Classification
Author: R K Goel
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 384
Release: 2011-08-09
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9780123858795

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Rock mass classification methods are commonly used at the preliminary design stages of a construction project when there is very little information. It forms the bases for design and estimation of the required amount and type of rock support and groundwater control measures. Encompassing nearly all aspects of rock mass classifications in detail, Civil Engineering Rock Mass Classification: Tunnelling, Foundations and Landsides provides construction engineers and managers with extensive practical knowledge which is time-tested in the projects in Himalaya and other parts of the world in complex geological conditions. Rock mass classification is an essential element of feasibility studies for any near surface construction project prior to any excavation or disturbances made to earth. Written by an author team with over 50 years of experience in some of the most difficult mining regions of the world, Civil Engineering Rock Mass Classification: Tunnelling, Foundations and Landsides provides construction engineers, construction managers and mining engineers with the tools and methods to gather geotechnical data, either from rock cuts, drifts or core, and process the information for subsequent analysis. The goal is to use effective mapping techniques to obtain data can be used as input for any of the established rock classification systems. The book covers all of the commonly used classification methods including: Barton’s Q and Q’ systems, Bieniawski’s RMR, Laubscher’s MRMR and Hoek’s and GSI systems. With this book in hand, engineers will be able to gather geotechnical data, either from rock cuts, drifts or core, and process the information for subsequent analysis. Rich with international case studies and worked out equations, the focus of the book is on the practical gathering information for purposes of analysis and design. Identify the most significant parameters influencing the behaviour of a rock mass Divide a particular rock mass formulation into groups of similar behaviour, rock mass classes of varying quality Provide a basis of understanding the characteristics of each rock mass class Relate the experience of rock conditions at one site to the conditions and experience encountered at others Derive quantitative data and guidelines for engineering design Provide common basis for communication between engineers and geologists


Rock Fractures and Fluid Flow

Rock Fractures and Fluid Flow
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 568
Release: 1996-08-27
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0309049962

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Scientific understanding of fluid flow in rock fracturesâ€"a process underlying contemporary earth science problems from the search for petroleum to the controversy over nuclear waste storageâ€"has grown significantly in the past 20 years. This volume presents a comprehensive report on the state of the field, with an interdisciplinary viewpoint, case studies of fracture sites, illustrations, conclusions, and research recommendations. The book addresses these questions: How can fractures that are significant hydraulic conductors be identified, located, and characterized? How do flow and transport occur in fracture systems? How can changes in fracture systems be predicted and controlled? Among other topics, the committee provides a geomechanical understanding of fracture formation, reviews methods for detecting subsurface fractures, and looks at the use of hydraulic and tracer tests to investigate fluid flow. The volume examines the state of conceptual and mathematical modeling, and it provides a useful framework for understanding the complexity of fracture changes that occur during fluid pumping and other engineering practices. With a practical and multidisciplinary outlook, this volume will be welcomed by geologists, petroleum geologists, geoengineers, geophysicists, hydrologists, researchers, educators and students in these fields, and public officials involved in geological projects.