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| Author | : World Health Organization |
| Publisher | : World Health Organization |
| Total Pages | : 197 |
| Release | : 2023-12-12 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 924007466X |
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : World Health Organization |
| Total Pages | : 80 |
| Release | : 2022-02-28 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 9240041982 |
In 2015 the World Health Assembly endorsed the Global action plan on antimicrobial resistance calling on countries to develop and implement national action plans on antimicrobial resistance (AMR). For most countries, the greatest challenge is not developing a national action plan; rather, it is the implementation of the plan based on evidence-based prioritization of activities, systematic monitoring of progress, and ensuring sustainability of efforts. The purpose of this publication is to to provide a practical, stepwise approach to the implementation of the national action plan on AMR within the human health sector; and to provide a process and collation of existing WHO tools to prioritize, cost, implement, monitor and evaluate national action plan activities. The target audience of the publication are national/subnational stakeholders working on AMR within the human health sector. This includes national health authorities, national multisectoral coordination groups, senior technical experts and policymakers involved in implementing AMR activities at all levels of the health system, and implementation partners to accelerate sustainable implementation and monitoring and evaluation of national action plans on AMR.
| Author | : Michael Anderson |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 273 |
| Release | : 2020-04-23 |
| Genre | : Health & Fitness |
| ISBN | : 1108799450 |
An accessible overview of the challenges in tackling AMR, and the economic and policy responses of the 'One Health' approach. It will appeal to policy-makers seeking to strengthen national and local polices tackling AMR, as well as students and academics who want an overview of the latest scientific evidence regarding effective AMR policies.
| Author | : World Health Organization |
| Publisher | : World Health Organization |
| Total Pages | : 63 |
| Release | : 2023-10-19 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 9240082492 |
This document outlines the concept and content of the WHO people-centred approach to addressing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in the human health sector. The proposed approach recognizes and aims to address the challenges and health system barriers people face when accessing health services to prevent, diagnose and treat (drug-resistant) infections. It puts people and their needs at the centre of the AMR response and guides policy-makers in taking programmatic and comprehensive actions to mitigate AMR in line with a proposed package of core interventions. These interventions are based on a review of four pillars and two foundational steps that are critical to overcome barriers faced by people and health systems in addressing AMR. The four pillars are: (1) prevention of infections; (2) access to essential health services; (3) timely, accurate diagnosis; and (4) appropriate, quality-assured treatment. The pillars are supported by the two foundational steps: effective governance, awareness and education; and strategic information through surveillance and research. Building and adding on to the objectives of the Global action plan on AMR, the 13 core interventions and accompanying priority actions are designed to address AMR in a programmatic manner that puts people, their needs and equitable access to health services at the centre of the AMR response in the community, in primary care, secondary and tertiary care, and at national and/or subnational level. The development of the people-centred core package of AMR interventions was based on a review of the evidence and multidisciplinary expert opinion, complemented with feedback from a global online consultation and WHO’s strategic and technical advisory group on antimicrobial resistance. As countries develop or revise their national action plans (NAPs) on AMR, the people-centred core package of interventions can support the design and prioritization of actions in the human health sector at the different levels of implementation and integrated with broader health system strengthening and pandemic preparedness and response plans.
| Author | : World Health Organization |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2015 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 9789241549400 |
"In May 2015, the Sixty-eighth World Health Assembly adopted the Global action plan on antimicrobial resistance, which reflects the global consensus that AMR poses a profound threat to human health. One of the five strategic objectives of the Global action plan is to strengthen the evidence base through enhanced global surveillance and research. The Global Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System (GLASS) has been developed to facilitate and encourage a standardized approach to AMR surveillance globally and in turn support the implementation of the Global action plan on antimicrobial resistance. This manual addresses the early phase of implementation of GLASS, focussing on surveillance of resistance in common human bacterial pathogens. The intended readership of this publication is public health professionals and health authorities responsible for national AMR surveillance. It outlines the GLASS standards and describes the road map for implementation of the system between 2015 and 2019. Further development of GLASS will be based on the lessons learnt during this period"--Publisher's description.
| Author | : Matt Andrews |
| Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
| Total Pages | : 276 |
| Release | : 2017 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 0198747489 |
Governments play a major role in the development process, and constantly introduce reforms and policies to achieve developmental objectives. Many of these interventions have limited impact, however; schools get built but children don't learn, IT systems are introduced but not used, plans are written but not implemented. These achievement deficiencies reveal gaps in capabilities, and weaknesses in the process of building state capability. This book addresses these weaknesses and gaps. It starts by providing evidence of the capability shortfalls that currently exist in many countries, showing that many governments lack basic capacities even after decades of reforms and capacity building efforts. The book then analyses this evidence, identifying capability traps that hold many governments back - particularly related to isomorphic mimicry (where governments copy best practice solutions from other countries that make them look more capable even if they are not more capable) and premature load bearing (where governments adopt new mechanisms that they cannot actually make work, given weak extant capacities). The book then describes a process that governments can use to escape these capability traps. Called PDIA (problem driven iterative adaptation), this process empowers people working in governments to find and fit solutions to the problems they face. The discussion about this process is structured in a practical manner so that readers can actually apply tools and ideas to the capability challenges they face in their own contexts. These applications will help readers devise policies and reforms that have more impact than those of the past.
| Author | : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 179 |
| Release | : 2020-09-10 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 0309675332 |
On December 4â€"5, 2019, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine held a 1.5-day public workshop titled Exploring the Frontiers of Innovation to Tackle Microbial Threats. The workshop participants examined major advances in scientific, technological, and social innovations against microbial threats. Such innovations include diagnostics, vaccines (both development and production), and antimicrobials, as well as nonpharmaceutical interventions and changes in surveillance. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.
| Author | : Euzebiusz Jamrozik |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 448 |
| Release | : 2021-08-21 |
| Genre | : Philosophy |
| ISBN | : 9783030278762 |
This Open Access volume provides in-depth analysis of the wide range of ethical issues associated with drug-resistant infectious diseases. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is widely recognized to be one of the greatest threats to global public health in coming decades; and it has thus become a major topic of discussion among leading bioethicists and scholars from related disciplines including economics, epidemiology, law, and political theory. Topics covered in this volume include responsible use of antimicrobials; control of multi-resistant hospital-acquired infections; privacy and data collection; antibiotic use in childhood and at the end of life; agricultural and veterinary sources of resistance; resistant HIV, tuberculosis, and malaria; mandatory treatment; and trade-offs between current and future generations. As the first book focused on ethical issues associated with drug resistance, it makes a timely contribution to debates regarding practice and policy that are of crucial importance to global public health in the 21st century.
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : World Health Organization |
| Total Pages | : 22 |
| Release | : 2022-03-29 |
| Genre | : Law |
| ISBN | : 9240045406 |
Building on the momentum of increased collaboration, WHO, FAO, OIE and UNEP have developed a Strategic Framework for collaboration on antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This Framework reflects the joint work of the four organizations to advance a One Health response to AMR at global, regional and country levels. It broadly supports the implementation of the five pillars of the Global Action Plan on AMR, as well as strengthening global AMR governance.
| Author | : Margarita Christen |
| Publisher | : GRIN Verlag |
| Total Pages | : 122 |
| Release | : 2018-01-09 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 3668606447 |
Master's Thesis from the year 2017 in the subject Medicine - Pharmacology, Pharmacy, grade: 70, University of Hertfordshire, language: English, abstract: Some years after the first use of penicillin, resistant bacteria emerged. The phenomenon of resistance has continued to show up similarly for almost every marketed antibiotic product, endangering the safety of humans, animals and the environment. This major threat has been proven to have a worldwide impact. In response, national action plans must be implemented following "anti-resistance" guidance: WHO’s Global Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance (GAP-AMR) in collaboration with FAO and OIE. These plans are to be adopted by 2017, aiding the protection of antibiotic medicines adhering to the approach of One Health. The aim of the current study was to review the process of such adoptions in the EU and US, understand its practicality, challenges and any out of scope issues.With the use of a phenomenological approach, this qualitative study found that thanks to the general population’s increment in knowledge and awareness, collaboration and engagement grew stronger, especially among policy makers and pharmaceutical companies, but also healthcare leaders and providers, physicians and veterinarians, and patients. When trying to discover new antibiotic drugs, serendipity is not an option, therefore, companies must be incentivised to increase their antibiotic pipelines. During the analysis of the inclusion of the plans, a paradox appeared: due to the reduced use of antibiotics, it is difficult to motivate drug developers to increase research in new medicines and alternative forms of treatment. The research concluded, that legislation must be focused on supporting changes that will ease entry of antibiotics to the market (i.e. with a congruent regulatory pathway and/or with financial support of governments) to allow a practical inclusion of the national plans.
