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IMF Lending and Banking Crises

IMF Lending and Banking Crises
Author: Luca Papi
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 56
Release: 2015-01-26
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1498331629

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This paper looks at the effects of International Monetary Fund (IMF) lending programs on banking crises in a large sample of developing countries, over the period 1970-2010. The endogeneity of the IMF intervention is addressed by adopting an instrumental variable strategy and a propensity score matching estimator. Controlling for the standard determinants of banking crises, our results indicate that countries participating in IMF-supported lending programs are significantly less likely to experience a future banking crisis than nonborrowing countries. We also provide evidence suggesting that compliance with conditionality and loan size matter.


Financial Crises Explanations, Types, and Implications

Financial Crises Explanations, Types, and Implications
Author: Mr.Stijn Claessens
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 66
Release: 2013-01-30
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1475561008

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This paper reviews the literature on financial crises focusing on three specific aspects. First, what are the main factors explaining financial crises? Since many theories on the sources of financial crises highlight the importance of sharp fluctuations in asset and credit markets, the paper briefly reviews theoretical and empirical studies on developments in these markets around financial crises. Second, what are the major types of financial crises? The paper focuses on the main theoretical and empirical explanations of four types of financial crises—currency crises, sudden stops, debt crises, and banking crises—and presents a survey of the literature that attempts to identify these episodes. Third, what are the real and financial sector implications of crises? The paper briefly reviews the short- and medium-run implications of crises for the real economy and financial sector. It concludes with a summary of the main lessons from the literature and future research directions.


Systemic Banking Crises Database

Systemic Banking Crises Database
Author: Mr.Luc Laeven
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 33
Release: 2012-06-01
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1475505051

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We update the widely used banking crises database by Laeven and Valencia (2008, 2010) with new information on recent and ongoing crises, including updated information on policy responses and outcomes (i.e. fiscal costs, output losses, and increases in public debt). We also update our dating of sovereign debt and currency crises. The database includes all systemic banking, currency, and sovereign debt crises during the period 1970-2011. The data show some striking differences in policy responses between advanced and emerging economies as well as many similarities between past and ongoing crises.


Financial Crises

Financial Crises
Author: Mr.Stijn Claessens
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 754
Release: 2014-02-19
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1484355261

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The lingering effects of the economic crisis are still visible—this shows a clear need to improve our understanding of financial crises. This book surveys a wide range of crises, including banking, balance of payments, and sovereign debt crises. It begins with an overview of the various types of crises and introduces a comprehensive database of crises. Broad lessons on crisis prevention and management, as well as the short-term economic effects of crises, recessions, and recoveries, are discussed.


Financial Sector Crisis and Restructuring

Financial Sector Crisis and Restructuring
Author: Carl-Johan Lindgren
Publisher:
Total Pages: 103
Release: 1999
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9781557758712

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An IMF paper reviewing the policy responses of Indonesia, Korea and Thailand to the 1997 Asian crisis, comparing the actions of these three countries with those of Malaysia and the Philippines. Although all judgements are still tentative, important lessons can be learned from the experiences of the last two years.


The Riskiness of Credit Allocation and Financial Stability

The Riskiness of Credit Allocation and Financial Stability
Author: Mr.Luis Brandao-Marques
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 39
Release: 2019-09-27
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 151351377X

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We explore empirically how the time-varying allocation of credit across firms with heterogeneous credit quality matters for financial stability outcomes. Using firm-level data for 55 countries over 1991-2016, we show that the riskiness of credit allocation, captured by Greenwood and Hanson (2013)’s ISS indicator, helps predict downside risks to GDP growth and systemic banking crises, two to three years ahead. Our analysis indicates that the riskiness of credit allocation is both a measure of corporate vulnerability and of investor sentiment. Economic forecasters wrongly predict a positive association between the riskiness of credit allocation and future growth, suggesting a flawed expectations process.


Systemic Banking Crises

Systemic Banking Crises
Author: Luc Laeven
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 80
Release: 2008-09
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN:

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We provide new firm-level evidence on the effects of capital account liberalization. Based on corporate foreign-currency credit ratings data and a novel capital account restrictions index, we find that capital controls can substantially limit access to, and raise the cost of, foreign currency debt, especially for firms without foreign currency revenues. As an identification strategy, we exploit, via a difference-in-difference approach, within-country variation in firms' access to foreign currency, measured by whether or not a firm belongs to the nontradables sector. Nontradables firms benefit substantially more from capital account liberalization than others, a finding that is robust to a broad range of alternative specifications.


From Banking to Sovereign Stress - Implications For Public Debt

From Banking to Sovereign Stress - Implications For Public Debt
Author: International Monetary Fund
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 88
Release: 2014-12-22
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1498342434

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This paper explores how banking sector developments and characteristics influence the propagation of risks from the banking sector to sovereign debt, including how they affect the extent of fiscal costs of banking crises when those occur. It then proposes practices and policies for the fiscal authorities to help manage the risks and enhance crisis preparedness.


The Dynamics of Non-Performing Loans during Banking Crises: A New Database

The Dynamics of Non-Performing Loans during Banking Crises: A New Database
Author: Mr.Anil Ari
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 40
Release: 2019-12-06
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1513521152

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This paper presents a new dataset on the dynamics of non-performing loans (NPLs) during 88 banking crises since 1990. The data show similarities across crises during NPL build-ups but less so during NPL resolutions. We find a close relationship between NPL problems—elevated and unresolved NPLs—and the severity of post-crisis recessions. A machine learning approach identifies a set of pre-crisis predictors of NPL problems related to weak macroeconomic, institutional, corporate, and banking sector conditions. Our findings suggest that reducing pre-crisis vulnerabilities and promptly addressing NPL problems during a crisis are important for post-crisis output recovery.


Banking Crises

Banking Crises
Author: International Monetary Fund
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 387
Release: 1991-03-15
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1557751870

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The condition of banking systems in developing countries strongly influences the design and effectiveness of economic adjustment policies. Bank portfolio weakness can limit the flexibility of interest rate policy, the scope of financial reforms, and the conduct of monetary and fiscal policy. This volume, edited by V. Sundararajan and Tomás J.T. Baliño, is a collection of papers by IMF economists. It examines the link between financial problems and macroeconomic policy and highlights the need for prudential regulations and the appropriate institutional framework to deal with problem banks and borrowers.